Anti-inflammatory and Quinone Reductase Inducing Compounds from Fermented Noni (<i>Morinda citrifolia</i>) Juice Exudates

Abstract

A new fatty acid ester disaccharide, 2-<i>O</i>-(β-d-glucopyranosyl)-1-<i>O</i>-(2<i>E</i>,4<i>Z</i>,7<i>Z</i>)-deca-2,4,7-trienoyl-β-d-glucopyranose (<b>1</b>), a new ascorbic acid derivative, 2-caffeoyl-3-ketohexulofuranosonic acid γ-lactone (<b>2</b>), and a new iridoid glycoside, 10-dimethoxyfermiloside (<b>3</b>), were isolated along with 13 known compounds (<b>4</b>–<b>16</b>) from fermented noni fruit juice (<i>Morinda citrifolia</i>). The structures of the new compounds, together with <b>4</b> and <b>5</b>, were determined by 1D and 2D NMR experiments, as well as comparison with published values. Compounds <b>2</b> and <b>7</b> showed moderate inhibitory activities in a TNF-α-induced NF-κB assay, and compounds <b>4</b> and <b>6</b> exhibited considerable quinone reductase-1 (QR1) inducing effects

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