Poster presented at the 4th International Congress of CiiEM – “Health, Well-being and Ageing in the XXI Century.” 2-5 June 2019, Campus Egas Moniz, Monte de Caparica, PortugalN/

Almeida, Telma C.

Fernandes, Raquel M.

Fonseca, Ana R.

English

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Ana R. Fonsecaa, Raquel M. Fernandesa, Telma C. Almeidaa,baIUEM – Instituto Universitário Egas Moniz, Caparica, Portugal; bCiiEM – Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar Egas Moniz, IUEM*Corresponding author: raquelfernandes97@sapo.pt IntroductionPARTICIPANTSFemale 139Male 59N = 198PROCEDURE INSTRUMENTSMaterials and MethodsTable 1Correlations between the CTQ and the IRI (n = 198)1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 121        CTQ Total                                        ___ ,843** ,793** ,324** ,641** ,739** -,648* ,062 ,041 -,034 ,223** ,160*2        CTQ Emotional ___ ,663** ,210** ,425** ,429** -,617** -,056 ,050 -,024 ,087 ,182*3        CTQ  Emotional Neglect ___ ,093 ,357** ,600** -,858** ,062 -,023 -,153* ,191* -,0054        CTQ  Sexual Abuse                          ___ ,004 ,083 -,068 -,088 ,80 ,054 ,036 ,160*5        CTQ Physical Abuse                          ___ ,511** -408** ,174* ,006 -,012 ,235** ,0486        CTQ  Physical Neglect ___ -,583** ,167* ,077 -,045 ,252** ,0177        CTQ Negation ___ -,067 -,020 ,173* -,161* ,0908 IRI Total                                          ___ ,235** ,222** ,287** -,398**9        IRI Perspective Take              ___ ,652** ,073 ,243**10     IRI Empathic Concern ___ ,132 ,385**11      IRI Personal Discomfort ___ ,287**12     IRI Fantasy ___Note. **p<.01, *p<.05RESULTSChildhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ) [6]• Self-assessment instrument for exposure to maltreatment occurring up to 15 years of age. Itconsists of 5 subscales: Emotional Abuse, Emotional Neglect, Sexual Abuse, Physical Abuse,and Physical Neglect.Interpersonal Reactivity Index (IRI) [7]• Self-assessment instrument with 4 subscales: Perspective, Empathic Concern, PersonalDiscomfort, and Fantasy.Portuguese adults between 18 and 69 years old (M = 26.9, SD = 11.7)Personal Discomfort was positively correlated with Emotional Neglect (r = .191, p = .007), with Physical Abuse (r = .235, p = 0.01) and Physical Neglect (r= .252, p < 0.001).Fantasy was correlated with Emotional Abuse (r = .182, p = .010) and Sexual Abuse (r = .160, p =.024). The total score of the IRI showed a positive correlation with Physical Abuse (r =.174, p = .014) and Physical Neglect (r = .167, p = .019). There was a negative correlation between Empathic Concern and Emotional Neglect (r = -.153, p = .032). There was also statistically significant correlations between the total score of the CTQ and the occurrence of Emotional Abuse (r = .843, p < 0.001), Emotional Neglect (r = .793 p < 0.001), Physical Abuse (r = .641, p < 0.001) and Physical Neglect (r = .739, p < 0.001).Discussion and Conclusions[1] Finkelhor, D., Ormrod, R., Turner, H. & Hamby, S. L. (2005). The Victimization of Children and Youth: A Comprehensive, National Survey. Child Maltreatment, 10(1), 5-25. doi:10.1177/1077559504271287[2] Irwin, A., Li, J., Craig, W., & Hollenstein, T. (2019). The role of shame in chronic peer victimization. School Psychology Quarterly. School Psychology, 34(2). doi: 10.1037/spq0000280[3] Davis, M. H. (1983). Measuring individual differences in empathy: Evidence for a multidimensional approach. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 44, 113-136. doi:10.1037/0022-3514.44.1.113[4] Hoffman, M. L. (1991). Empathy, social cognition and moral action. In Wi. M. Kurtines & J. L. Gewirtz (Eds.), Handbook of Moral Behavior and Development. Erlbaum.[5] Brooks, M. (2011). Youth Experiences of Victimization:A Contextual Analysis. Canada Department of Justice. Retrieved from: https://www.justice.gc.ca/eng/rp-pr/cj-jp/victim/rd5-rr5/p5.html[6] Dias, A., Sales, L., Carvalho, A., Vale, I. C., Kleber, R., & Cardoso, R. M. (2013).  Estudo de propriedades psicométricas do questionário de trauma de infância – Versão breve numa amostra portuguesa não clínica. Laboratório de Psicologia, 11(2), 103-120. doi:10.14417/lp.11.2.713 [7] Limpo, T, Alves, A. R., & Catro, S. J. (2010). Medir a empatia: Adaptação portuguesa do Índice de Reatividade Interpessoal. Laboratório de Psicologia, 8(2), 171-184. doi:10.14417/lp.640 [8] Moreno Manso,J., Sánchez, M., Alonso & M., Barona E., (2018). Empathy and coping strategies in youths subject to protection measures. Children and Youth Services Review, 93, 100-107. doi:10.1016/j.childyouth.2018.07.011[9] Wilson, S.C. & Barber, T.X. (1983).The fantasy-prone personality: Implication for understanding imagery, hypnosis, and parapsychological phenomena. PSI Research, 1(3), 94-116.[10] Finkelhor, D., Ormrod, R.K., & Turner, H.A. (2007). Poly-victimization: a neglected component in child victimization. Child abuse & Neglect, 31(1), 7-26. doi:10.1016/j.chiabu.2006.06.008• When youth experience trauma due to negligence or due to any kind of physical, psychological or sexual abuse towards their parents, they tend to have the incapacity to take the other'sperspectives, as well as the inability to understand their emotions. They usually show low levels of empathy [8].• When a child suffers from this same general neglect, they tend to develop problems with his future interpersonal relationships, more specifically concerning their ability to empathize withothers [9]. Some studies of victimization show that exposure to multiple types of violence is a common experience. Furthermore, an individual that experience victimization during theirchildhood, are at risk factors for future victimization in adulthood [10].• This study showed the relationship between youth victimization trauma and the interpersonal reactivity (empathy), namely, with the increase of personal discomfort and the ability to placethemselves in fictitious situations related to the fantasy in adulthood. Our research also proves the tendency to be a victim of multiple types of abuse [10]. According to some studies, whenchildren suffer from neglect, they tend to show future problems on interpersonal relationships, more specifically in the capacity to empathize with others [9] and this study corroborates thoseoutcomes.The role of youth victimization trauma on the interpersonal reactivity ReferencesThe majority was single (n = 168)and Completed higher education (n = 96) The data were collected online through the Google Form.All types of violence perpetrated to a child oradolescent affect their future interpersonalrelationships and may also have implications onmental health, academic and professionalperformance. About half of people who have sufferedat least one type of victimization have shownbehavioral changes [5].The impact of child victimization is welldocumented in the literature. The exposure tomaltreatment can be perpetrated inside oroutside the family [1]. Victimization has anegative impact on interpersonal relationshipsand can harm academic professional or sociallife, and also mental health [2].Empathy can be represented asinterpersonal reactivity [3]. Some individualsshow empathic skills.Those skills are the ability of human beingsto be able to put themselves in the other'sperspective [4]The main objective of the current study was to analyze the relationship between youth victimization trauma and the interpersonal reactivity (empathy) in adulthood.Objectives

The role of youth victimization trauma on the interpersonal reactivity

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The role of youth victimization trauma on the interpersonal reactivity

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