A water quality sampling station was installed at the Wyman Road Bridge just below the confluence of the three main forks of the Upper White River in January 2000. This station is coordinated with the USGS gaging station at the same location. This station was instrumented to collect samples at sufficient intervals across the hydrograph to accurately estimate the flux of total suspended solids, nitrogen and phosphorus into the upper end of Beaver Lake from the Upper White River

Cash, Wade

Nelson, Marc

English

UARK (University of Arkansas )

University of Arkansas, Fayetteville ScholarWorks@UARK Technical Reports Arkansas Water Resources Center 11-1-2003 Water Quality Sampling, Analysis and Annual Load Determinations for TSS, Nitrogen and Phosphorus at the Wyman Road Bridge on the White River Marc Nelson University of Arkansas, Fayetteville Wade Cash University of Arkansas, Fayetteville Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.uark.edu/awrctr  Part of the Fresh Water Studies Commons, and the Water Resource Management Commons Citation Nelson, Marc and Cash, Wade. 2003. Water Quality Sampling, Analysis and Annual Load Determinations for TSS, Nitrogen and Phosphorus at the Wyman Road Bridge on the White River. Arkansas Water Resources Center, Fayetteville, AR. MSC312. 9 https://scholarworks.uark.edu/awrctr/108 This Technical Report is brought to you for free and open access by the Arkansas Water Resources Center at ScholarWorks@UARK. It has been accepted for inclusion in Technical Reports by an authorized administrator of ScholarWorks@UARK. For more information, please contact scholar@uark.edu.   Arkansas Water  Resources Center    WATER QUALITY SAMPLING, ANALYSIS AND ANNUAL LOAD DETERMINATIONS FOR TSS, NITROGEN AND PHOSPHORUS AT THE WYMAN ROAD BRIDGE ON THE WHITE RIVER  Submitted to the Arkansas Soil and Water Conservation Commission   By   Marc Nelson And Wade Cash Arkansas Water Resources Center Water Quality Lab University of Arkansas Fayetteville, Arkansas 72701        November 2003    Publication No. MSC-312    Arkansas Water Resources Center 112 Ozark Hall University of Arkansas Fayetteville, Arkansas 72701        WATER QUALITY SAMPLING, ANALYSIS AND ANNUAL LOAD DETERMINATIONS FOR TSS, NITROGEN AND PHOSPHORUS AT THE WYMAN ROAD BRIDGE ON THE WHITE RIVER    Final Report    Submitted to Arkansas Soil and Water Conservation Commission    By   Marc Nelson And Wade Cash Arkansas Water Quality Lab Arkansas Water Resources Center University of Arkansas Fayetteville, Arkansas 72701         November 2003  INTRODUCTION  A water quality sampling station was installed at the Wyman Road Bridge just below the confluence of the three main forks of the Upper White River in January 2000.  This station is coordinated with the USGS gaging station at the same location.  This station was instrumented to collect samples at sufficient intervals across the hydrograph to accurately estimate the flux of total suspended solids, nitrogen and phosphorus into the upper end of Beaver Lake from the Upper White River.    METHODS  Initially the sampler was operated in a discrete mode taking samples at thirty-minute intervals for the first twenty-four samples and sixty-minute intervals for the next twenty-four samples.  The sampler was set to begin taking samples when the stage rises to ten percent over the prior base-flow.  Trigger levels were evaluated and modified based on load calculation optimization techniques. Discrete samples were collected when all twenty-four bottles were filled or within forty-eight hours after the first sample. Grab samples were taken often enough to have three samples between each storm.  The sampler was operated using this protocol until three storms were adequately sampled.  The results from this initial sampling phase were used to determine the sampling start (trigger) and frequency for flow-weighted composite sampling. In addition, the results were used to develop rating curves to predict pollutant concentrations as a function of discharge in order to calculate loads for inadequately sampled storm events.  After the initial phase, the sampler was reconfigured to take flow-weighted composite samples. The sampler began sampling after the stage exceeded a set trigger level of five feet.  It took a discrete sample after a fixed volume of water has passed.  The volume of water used for the flow weighted composite samples, i.e. sampling frequency, was 4 million cubic feet, as determined from the initial sampling phase.  The discrete samples were composited by combining equal volumes of each into a single sample for analysis.  Discrete samples were collected for compositing when all twenty-four bottles were filled or within forty-eight hours after the first sample.  Storms were sampled in this manner for the period when the river stage was above the trigger level.  Grab samples were taken every two weeks after the initial sampling phase.  All samples were collected by AWRC Field Services Personnel and transported to the AWRC Water quality Laboratory for analysis.  All samples were analyzed for nitrate-nitrogen, ammonia-nitrogen, total Kjeldahl nitrogen, total phosphorus, dissolved reactive phosphorus and total suspended solids.  In addition to the above sampling for load determination, the AWRC in conjunction with the USGS conducted cross-section sampling to determine the relationship between autosampler concentrations and cross-section concentrations. The USGS collected evenly weighted integrated (EWI) cross section samples at the same time AWRC collected discrete autosamples. All samples were transported and analyzed by the AWRC Water Quality Lab and the results used to determine correction factors for the autosample concentrations. Six routine bi-monthly samples and six storm flow samples were taken and compared during each year.  All samples taken and used for analysis will be done in accordance with an approved quality assurance project plan.  This QAPP was prepared by the AWRC and submitted to the ASWCC for approval.  The ASWCC reviewed the plan for conformance to it’s Quality Management Plan and submitted the QAPP to EPA, Dallas for review and approval. The plan was approved on April 19, 2000.    RESULTS  Sampling began on April 19, 2000 and ended on December 31, 2001. Sampling was discontinued due to removal of the bridge where the sampling station was located and relocation of the USGS gaging station to a site downstream of where the new bridge construction was about to occur. It was determined that the  2location of the gaging station would not allow sampling that was comparable before, during and after construction.  During the first year, 220 individual samples were collected and analyzed. They include 17 base-flow grab samples, 190 discrete storm samples, 10 storm composite samples and 3 USGS cross-section samples. The stage for 2000 as well as the results from the samples is summarized in Figure 1 and Table 1.  Figure 1.  Stage and measured concentrations 2000. WHITE RIVERWYMAN BRIDGE20000510152025Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov DecDATESTAGE (ft), CONCENTRATION (mg/l)0200400600800100012001400TSS (mg/l)STAGENO3-NT-PNH4TKNPO4TSS Table 1.  2000 partial year loads and mean concentrations. parameter Loads (kg) Mean Concentrations (mg/l) Nitrate-N 215,937 0.63 Total Phosphorus 174,636 0.51 Ammonia-N 12,437 0.04 TKN 372,651 1.09 Phosphate-P 18,806 0.05 TSS 85,914,146 250.51   In 2001, 54 individual samples were collected and analyzed. They include 26 base-flow grab samples, 22 storm composite samples, and 6 USGS cross-section samples. The stage for 2001 as well as the results from the samples is summarized in Figure 2 and Table 2.         3Figure 2.  Stage and measured concentrations 2001. WHITE RIVERWYMAN BRIDGE20010510152025Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov DecDATESTAGE (ft), CONCENTRATION (mg/l)020040060080010001200140016001800TSS (mg/l)STAGENO3-NT-PNH4TKNPO4TSS  Table 2. 2001 annual loads and mean concentrations. parameter Loads (kg) Mean Concentrations (mg/l) Nitrate-N 343,991 0.82 Total Phosphorus 160,880 0.38 Ammonia-N 20,765 0.05 TKN 337,974 0.81 Phosphate-P 14,775 0.04 TSS 74,920,331 178.77    Discrete storm samples were collected on 5 storms in 2000 using 190 individual samples. The results from three of these storms are illustrated in Figure 3. These results were modeled using least-squares linear regressions to determine a relationship between concentrations and stage. These relationships can be used to predict concentrations of the different constituents as a function of stage during storm events if actual measured values are unavailable due to equipment failure. The relationships determined are summarized in Table 3. Although these relationships were determined, they were not used to model any of the storm events during the project since all storms were sampled adequately.             4Figure 3. Discrete storm samples. WHITE RIVERWYMAN BRIDGE200005101520256/13 6/14 6/15 6/16 6/17 6/18 6/19 6/20 6/21 6/22 6/23 6/24DATESTAGE(ft), CONCENTRATION (mg/l)0200400600800100012001400TSS (mg/l)STAGENO3-NT-PNH4TKNPO4TSS    Table 3. Regression equations determined from discrete storm samples. parameter Regression equation Regression coefficient Nitrate-N y = -0.0122x + 0.5391 R2 = 0.1892 Total Phosphorus y = 0.0524x - 0.05 R2 = 0.5886 Ammonia-N y = -0.0002x + 0.0281 R2 = 0.006 TKN y = 0.0648x + 0.3034 R2 = 0.3052 Phosphate-P y = 0.0076x - 0.0203 R2= 0.3903 TSS y = 23.385x - 15.124 R2 = 0.4458  The loads and mean concentrations can be segregated into storm-flow and base-flow using the trigger level as an arbitrary distinction between flow regimes. Using the trigger level value of 5 feet, the segregated loads and mean concentrations for 2001 are shown in Table 4.  Table 4. Storm-flow and Base-flow loads and Mean Concentrations 2001.  Storm Loads (kg)   Base Loads  (kg)   Storm Concentrations (mg/l)  Base Concentrations (mg/l)  VOLUME (M3) 210,542,386 208,549,795   NO3-N 169,761 174,229 0.81 0.84T-P 116,730 44,150 0.55 0.21NH4 8,360 12,405 0.04 0.06TKN 221,202 116,772 1.05 0.56PO4 10,719 4,056 0.05 0.02TSS 55,311,385 19,608,946 262.71 94.03  5The results for this White River @ Wyman Bridge site during 2001 can be compared to results from other Northwest Arkansas watersheds that were investigated using the same sampling and load calculation protocols. Table 5 lists the results for TSS, phosphorus and discharge from 5 watersheds. TSS and phosphorus are shown as total annual loads per acre; annual storm loads per acre, and annual mean base-flow concentrations. Total loads in pounds per acre represents the total mass of a constituent that would be transported to a receiving water body. Storm loads in pounds per acre is a way to represent the total quantities that are washed from the surface of the watershed during storm events (non-point source pollution). Base-flow concentrations represent the concentration of a constituent that the biological community in the stream would face during most of the year. These values do not necessarily represent actual base and storm flows, but rather represent comparable values for determining the relative impacts in similar watershed.   Table 5. Comparison of results to other Northwest Arkansas Watersheds.  Comparison of the numbers shown can lead to the following conclusions about the White River at the Wyman Bridge in 2001. Storms are washing significantly greater masses of TSS per acre and high levels of phosphorus per acre when compared to the others. Base-flows contain very high levels of TSS but medium levels of phosphorus. Runoff is greater than in the other watersheds possibly indicating greater urbanization.   Kings River@143 Illinois River@59 White River@wyman West Fork Osage Creek@112 Moores Creek ACRES 337,280 368,000 256,000 65920 22,208 2,200 YEARS of data 4 6 1 1 2 3               tss load (#/acre) 351 340 644 839 501 401 tss load storm (#/acre) 320 312 475 570 442 377 tss conc. base (mg/l) 21 20 93 170 39 20 p load (#/acre) 0.89 1.38 1.38 1.30 1.16 1.38 p storm load (#/acre) 0.62 0.98 1.00 0.91 0.70 1.13 p base conc. (mg/l) 0.19 0.26 0.21 0.25 0.21 0.19 DISCHARGE (ft3) 1.0E+10 1.9E+10 1.5E+10 3.5E+09 1.4E+09 9.6E+07 DISCHARGE/AC (ft3/acre) 29,528 52,625 57,847 53,419 62,066 43,804   6 Figure 5. Comparisons between 6 watersheds.  TSS Total and Storm Loads per acre0100200300400500600700800900Kings River@143Illinois River@59White River@wymanWest ForkOsage Creek@112Moores CreekStorm Loads (lbs per acre) TSS mean concentration Base flow020406080100120140160180Kings River@143Illinois River@59White River@wymanWest ForkOsage Creek@112Moores CreekBase flow concentration (mg/l)   7T-P Total and Storm  Loads per acre0.00.20.40.60.81.01.21.41.6Kings River@143Illinois River@59White River@wymanWest ForkOsage Creek@112Moores CreekStorm Loads (lbs per acre) T-P mean concentration Base flow0.000.050.100.150.200.250.30Kings River@143Illinois River@59White River@wymanWest ForkOsage Creek@112Moores CreekBase flow concentration (mg/l)  8 9REFERENCES  Nelson, M.A., T.S. Soerens, J. Spooner “Results of Investigation of Optimum Sample Interval for Determining Storm Water Pollutant Loads”, Proceedings of the Water Environment Federation WEFTEK Conference, New Orleans, LA, 1999. Nelson, M.A., T.S. Soerens “1997 Pollutant Loads At. Arkansas Highway 59 Bridge” Presented at Arkansas-Oklahoma Arkansas River Compact Commission Meeting, September 1998.  Nelson, M.A., T.S. Soerens “1998 Pollutant Loads At. Arkansas Highway 59 Bridge” Arkansas Water resources Center Publication, 1999.  Nelson, M.A., T.S. Soerens “1999 Pollutant Loads At. Arkansas Highway 59 Bridge” Arkansas Water resources Center Publication, 2000.  Nelson, M.A., T.S. Soerens “2000 Pollutant Loads At. Arkansas Highway 59 Bridge” Arkansas Water resources Center Publication, 2001.  Nelson, M.A., T.S. Soerens “2001 Pollutant Loads At. Arkansas Highway 59 Bridge” Arkansas Water resources Center Publication, 2002.  Nelson, M.A., T.S. Soerens, J. Spooner “ Preliminary Results of Investigation of Optimum Sample Interval for Determining Storm Water Pollutant Loads”, Presented at ASCE Watershed Management Conference, Memphis, TN, 1998.  Nelson, M.A., T.S. Soerens and D.G. Parker “Phosphorus Transport in the Illinois River: Preliminary Results of Intensive Sampling" Proceedings of the Arkansas Water Resource Center Annual Conference, 1998.  Parker, D.G., R. Williams and E. Teague “Illinois River Water Quality Automatic Sampler Installation” Arkansas Water Resource Center Miscellaneous Publication 0227, 1997.  Nelson, M.A., T.S. Soerens, J. Spooner “Investigation of Optimum Sample Number and Timing for Determining Storm Water Pollutant Loads Year [1998 and 1999}”, Arkansas Water Resources Center Annual Report 1999-2000, August 2001.  Nelson, M.A., L.W. Cash “Water Quality Sampling, Analysis And Annual Load Determinations For TSS, Nitrogen And Phosphorus At The Wyman Road Bridge On The White River, Final Report” Arkansas Water Resources Center Publication, 2003.  Nelson, M.A., L.W. Cash “Illinois River2002 Pollutant Loads at the Arkansas Highway 59 Bridge” Arkansas Water Resources Center Publication, 2003.  Nelson, M.A., L.W. Cash “Water Quality Sampling, Analysis And Annual Load Determinations For TSS, Nitrogen And Phosphorus At The 143 Bridge On The Kings River, 2002 Annual Report” Arkansas Water Resources Center Publication, 2003.  Nelson, M.A., S. L. Diffin “Water Quality Sampling, Analysis And Annual Load Determinations For TSS, Nitrogen And Phosphorus At The 112 Bridge On The Osage Creek, Final Report” Arkansas Water Resources Center Publication, 2003.  Nelson, M.A., L.W. Cash “Water Quality Sampling, Analysis And Annual Load Determinations For TSS, Nitrogen And Phosphorus On Moores Creek, 2002 Annual Report” Arkansas Water Resources Center Publication, 2003.  

Water Quality Sampling, Analysis and Annual Load Determinations for TSS, Nitrogen and Phosphorus at the Wyman Road Bridge on the White River

ScholarWorks@UARK

University of Arkansas, FayettevilleScholarWorks@UARKTechnical Reports Arkansas Water Resources Center11-1-2003Water Quality Sampling, Analysis and Annual LoadDeterminations for TSS, Nitrogen and Phosphorusat the Wyman Road Bridge on the White RiverMarc NelsonUniversity of Arkansas, FayettevilleWade CashUniversity of Arkansas, FayettevilleFollow this and additional works at: http://scholarworks.uark.edu/awrctrPart of the Fresh Water Studies Commons, and the Water Resource Management CommonsThis Technical Report is brought to you for free and open access by the Arkansas Water Resources Center at ScholarWorks@UARK. It has beenaccepted for inclusion in Technical Reports by an authorized administrator of ScholarWorks@UARK. For more information, please contactscholar@uark.edu, ccmiddle@uark.edu.Recommended CitationNelson, Marc and Cash, Wade. 2003. Water Quality Sampling, Analysis and Annual Load Determinations for TSS, Nitrogen andPhosphorus at the Wyman Road Bridge on the White River. Arkansas Water Resources Center, Fayetteville, AR. MSC312. 9  Arkansas Water  Resources Center    WATER QUALITY SAMPLING, ANALYSIS AND ANNUAL LOAD DETERMINATIONS FOR TSS, NITROGEN AND PHOSPHORUS AT THE WYMAN ROAD BRIDGE ON THE WHITE RIVER  Submitted to the Arkansas Soil and Water Conservation Commission   By   Marc Nelson And Wade Cash Arkansas Water Resources Center Water Quality Lab University of Arkansas Fayetteville, Arkansas 72701        November 2003    Publication No. MSC-312    Arkansas Water Resources Center 112 Ozark Hall University of Arkansas Fayetteville, Arkansas 72701        WATER QUALITY SAMPLING, ANALYSIS AND ANNUAL LOAD DETERMINATIONS FOR TSS, NITROGEN AND PHOSPHORUS AT THE WYMAN ROAD BRIDGE ON THE WHITE RIVER    Final Report    Submitted to Arkansas Soil and Water Conservation Commission    By   Marc Nelson And Wade Cash Arkansas Water Quality Lab Arkansas Water Resources Center University of Arkansas Fayetteville, Arkansas 72701         November 2003  INTRODUCTION  A water quality sampling station was installed at the Wyman Road Bridge just below the confluence of the three main forks of the Upper White River in January 2000.  This station is coordinated with the USGS gaging station at the same location.  This station was instrumented to collect samples at sufficient intervals across the hydrograph to accurately estimate the flux of total suspended solids, nitrogen and phosphorus into the upper end of Beaver Lake from the Upper White River.    METHODS  Initially the sampler was operated in a discrete mode taking samples at thirty-minute intervals for the first twenty-four samples and sixty-minute intervals for the next twenty-four samples.  The sampler was set to begin taking samples when the stage rises to ten percent over the prior base-flow.  Trigger levels were evaluated and modified based on load calculation optimization techniques. Discrete samples were collected when all twenty-four bottles were filled or within forty-eight hours after the first sample. Grab samples were taken often enough to have three samples between each storm.  The sampler was operated using this protocol until three storms were adequately sampled.  The results from this initial sampling phase were used to determine the sampling start (trigger) and frequency for flow-weighted composite sampling. In addition, the results were used to develop rating curves to predict pollutant concentrations as a function of discharge in order to calculate loads for inadequately sampled storm events.  After the initial phase, the sampler was reconfigured to take flow-weighted composite samples. The sampler began sampling after the stage exceeded a set trigger level of five feet.  It took a discrete sample after a fixed volume of water has passed.  The volume of water used for the flow weighted composite samples, i.e. sampling frequency, was 4 million cubic feet, as determined from the initial sampling phase.  The discrete samples were composited by combining equal volumes of each into a single sample for analysis.  Discrete samples were collected for compositing when all twenty-four bottles were filled or within forty-eight hours after the first sample.  Storms were sampled in this manner for the period when the river stage was above the trigger level.  Grab samples were taken every two weeks after the initial sampling phase.  All samples were collected by AWRC Field Services Personnel and transported to the AWRC Water quality Laboratory for analysis.  All samples were analyzed for nitrate-nitrogen, ammonia-nitrogen, total Kjeldahl nitrogen, total phosphorus, dissolved reactive phosphorus and total suspended solids.  In addition to the above sampling for load determination, the AWRC in conjunction with the USGS conducted cross-section sampling to determine the relationship between autosampler concentrations and cross-section concentrations. The USGS collected evenly weighted integrated (EWI) cross section samples at the same time AWRC collected discrete autosamples. All samples were transported and analyzed by the AWRC Water Quality Lab and the results used to determine correction factors for the autosample concentrations. Six routine bi-monthly samples and six storm flow samples were taken and compared during each year.  All samples taken and used for analysis will be done in accordance with an approved quality assurance project plan.  This QAPP was prepared by the AWRC and submitted to the ASWCC for approval.  The ASWCC reviewed the plan for conformance to it’s Quality Management Plan and submitted the QAPP to EPA, Dallas for review and approval. The plan was approved on April 19, 2000.    RESULTS  Sampling began on April 19, 2000 and ended on December 31, 2001. Sampling was discontinued due to removal of the bridge where the sampling station was located and relocation of the USGS gaging station to a site downstream of where the new bridge construction was about to occur. It was determined that the  2location of the gaging station would not allow sampling that was comparable before, during and after construction.  During the first year, 220 individual samples were collected and analyzed. They include 17 base-flow grab samples, 190 discrete storm samples, 10 storm composite samples and 3 USGS cross-section samples. The stage for 2000 as well as the results from the samples is summarized in Figure 1 and Table 1.  Figure 1.  Stage and measured concentrations 2000. WHITE RIVERWYMAN BRIDGE20000510152025Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov DecDATESTAGE (ft), CONCENTRATION (mg/l)0200400600800100012001400TSS (mg/l)STAGENO3-NT-PNH4TKNPO4TSS Table 1.  2000 partial year loads and mean concentrations. parameter Loads (kg) Mean Concentrations (mg/l) Nitrate-N 215,937 0.63 Total Phosphorus 174,636 0.51 Ammonia-N 12,437 0.04 TKN 372,651 1.09 Phosphate-P 18,806 0.05 TSS 85,914,146 250.51   In 2001, 54 individual samples were collected and analyzed. They include 26 base-flow grab samples, 22 storm composite samples, and 6 USGS cross-section samples. The stage for 2001 as well as the results from the samples is summarized in Figure 2 and Table 2.         3Figure 2.  Stage and measured concentrations 2001. WHITE RIVERWYMAN BRIDGE20010510152025Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov DecDATESTAGE (ft), CONCENTRATION (mg/l)020040060080010001200140016001800TSS (mg/l)STAGENO3-NT-PNH4TKNPO4TSS  Table 2. 2001 annual loads and mean concentrations. parameter Loads (kg) Mean Concentrations (mg/l) Nitrate-N 343,991 0.82 Total Phosphorus 160,880 0.38 Ammonia-N 20,765 0.05 TKN 337,974 0.81 Phosphate-P 14,775 0.04 TSS 74,920,331 178.77    Discrete storm samples were collected on 5 storms in 2000 using 190 individual samples. The results from three of these storms are illustrated in Figure 3. These results were modeled using least-squares linear regressions to determine a relationship between concentrations and stage. These relationships can be used to predict concentrations of the different constituents as a function of stage during storm events if actual measured values are unavailable due to equipment failure. The relationships determined are summarized in Table 3. Although these relationships were determined, they were not used to model any of the storm events during the project since all storms were sampled adequately.             4Figure 3. Discrete storm samples. WHITE RIVERWYMAN BRIDGE200005101520256/13 6/14 6/15 6/16 6/17 6/18 6/19 6/20 6/21 6/22 6/23 6/24DATESTAGE(ft), CONCENTRATION (mg/l)0200400600800100012001400TSS (mg/l)STAGENO3-NT-PNH4TKNPO4TSS    Table 3. Regression equations determined from discrete storm samples. parameter Regression equation Regression coefficient Nitrate-N y = -0.0122x + 0.5391 R2 = 0.1892 Total Phosphorus y = 0.0524x - 0.05 R2 = 0.5886 Ammonia-N y = -0.0002x + 0.0281 R2 = 0.006 TKN y = 0.0648x + 0.3034 R2 = 0.3052 Phosphate-P y = 0.0076x - 0.0203 R2= 0.3903 TSS y = 23.385x - 15.124 R2 = 0.4458  The loads and mean concentrations can be segregated into storm-flow and base-flow using the trigger level as an arbitrary distinction between flow regimes. Using the trigger level value of 5 feet, the segregated loads and mean concentrations for 2001 are shown in Table 4.  Table 4. Storm-flow and Base-flow loads and Mean Concentrations 2001.  Storm Loads (kg)   Base Loads  (kg)   Storm Concentrations (mg/l)  Base Concentrations (mg/l)  VOLUME (M3) 210,542,386 208,549,795   NO3-N 169,761 174,229 0.81 0.84T-P 116,730 44,150 0.55 0.21NH4 8,360 12,405 0.04 0.06TKN 221,202 116,772 1.05 0.56PO4 10,719 4,056 0.05 0.02TSS 55,311,385 19,608,946 262.71 94.03  5The results for this White River @ Wyman Bridge site during 2001 can be compared to results from other Northwest Arkansas watersheds that were investigated using the same sampling and load calculation protocols. Table 5 lists the results for TSS, phosphorus and discharge from 5 watersheds. TSS and phosphorus are shown as total annual loads per acre; annual storm loads per acre, and annual mean base-flow concentrations. Total loads in pounds per acre represents the total mass of a constituent that would be transported to a receiving water body. Storm loads in pounds per acre is a way to represent the total quantities that are washed from the surface of the watershed during storm events (non-point source pollution). Base-flow concentrations represent the concentration of a constituent that the biological community in the stream would face during most of the year. These values do not necessarily represent actual base and storm flows, but rather represent comparable values for determining the relative impacts in similar watershed.   Table 5. Comparison of results to other Northwest Arkansas Watersheds.  Comparison of the numbers shown can lead to the following conclusions about the White River at the Wyman Bridge in 2001. Storms are washing significantly greater masses of TSS per acre and high levels of phosphorus per acre when compared to the others. Base-flows contain very high levels of TSS but medium levels of phosphorus. Runoff is greater than in the other watersheds possibly indicating greater urbanization.   Kings River@143 Illinois River@59 White River@wyman West Fork Osage Creek@112 Moores Creek ACRES 337,280 368,000 256,000 65920 22,208 2,200 YEARS of data 4 6 1 1 2 3               tss load (#/acre) 351 340 644 839 501 401 tss load storm (#/acre) 320 312 475 570 442 377 tss conc. base (mg/l) 21 20 93 170 39 20 p load (#/acre) 0.89 1.38 1.38 1.30 1.16 1.38 p storm load (#/acre) 0.62 0.98 1.00 0.91 0.70 1.13 p base conc. (mg/l) 0.19 0.26 0.21 0.25 0.21 0.19 DISCHARGE (ft3) 1.0E+10 1.9E+10 1.5E+10 3.5E+09 1.4E+09 9.6E+07 DISCHARGE/AC (ft3/acre) 29,528 52,625 57,847 53,419 62,066 43,804   6 Figure 5. Comparisons between 6 watersheds.  TSS Total and Storm Loads per acre0100200300400500600700800900Kings River@143Illinois River@59White River@wymanWest ForkOsage Creek@112Moores CreekStorm Loads (lbs per acre) TSS mean concentration Base flow020406080100120140160180Kings River@143Illinois River@59White River@wymanWest ForkOsage Creek@112Moores CreekBase flow concentration (mg/l)   7T-P Total and Storm  Loads per acre0.00.20.40.60.81.01.21.41.6Kings River@143Illinois River@59White River@wymanWest ForkOsage Creek@112Moores CreekStorm Loads (lbs per acre) T-P mean concentration Base flow0.000.050.100.150.200.250.30Kings River@143Illinois River@59White River@wymanWest ForkOsage Creek@112Moores CreekBase flow concentration (mg/l)  8 9REFERENCES  Nelson, M.A., T.S. Soerens, J. Spooner “Results of Investigation of Optimum Sample Interval for Determining Storm Water Pollutant Loads”, Proceedings of the Water Environment Federation WEFTEK Conference, New Orleans, LA, 1999. Nelson, M.A., T.S. Soerens “1997 Pollutant Loads At. Arkansas Highway 59 Bridge” Presented at Arkansas-Oklahoma Arkansas River Compact Commission Meeting, September 1998.  Nelson, M.A., T.S. Soerens “1998 Pollutant Loads At. Arkansas Highway 59 Bridge” Arkansas Water resources Center Publication, 1999.  Nelson, M.A., T.S. Soerens “1999 Pollutant Loads At. Arkansas Highway 59 Bridge” Arkansas Water resources Center Publication, 2000.  Nelson, M.A., T.S. Soerens “2000 Pollutant Loads At. Arkansas Highway 59 Bridge” Arkansas Water resources Center Publication, 2001.  Nelson, M.A., T.S. Soerens “2001 Pollutant Loads At. Arkansas Highway 59 Bridge” Arkansas Water resources Center Publication, 2002.  Nelson, M.A., T.S. Soerens, J. Spooner “ Preliminary Results of Investigation of Optimum Sample Interval for Determining Storm Water Pollutant Loads”, Presented at ASCE Watershed Management Conference, Memphis, TN, 1998.  Nelson, M.A., T.S. Soerens and D.G. Parker “Phosphorus Transport in the Illinois River: Preliminary Results of Intensive Sampling" Proceedings of the Arkansas Water Resource Center Annual Conference, 1998.  Parker, D.G., R. Williams and E. Teague “Illinois River Water Quality Automatic Sampler Installation” Arkansas Water Resource Center Miscellaneous Publication 0227, 1997.  Nelson, M.A., T.S. Soerens, J. Spooner “Investigation of Optimum Sample Number and Timing for Determining Storm Water Pollutant Loads Year [1998 and 1999}”, Arkansas Water Resources Center Annual Report 1999-2000, August 2001.  Nelson, M.A., L.W. Cash “Water Quality Sampling, Analysis And Annual Load Determinations For TSS, Nitrogen And Phosphorus At The Wyman Road Bridge On The White River, Final Report” Arkansas Water Resources Center Publication, 2003.  Nelson, M.A., L.W. Cash “Illinois River2002 Pollutant Loads at the Arkansas Highway 59 Bridge” Arkansas Water Resources Center Publication, 2003.  Nelson, M.A., L.W. Cash “Water Quality Sampling, Analysis And Annual Load Determinations For TSS, Nitrogen And Phosphorus At The 143 Bridge On The Kings River, 2002 Annual Report” Arkansas Water Resources Center Publication, 2003.  Nelson, M.A., S. L. Diffin “Water Quality Sampling, Analysis And Annual Load Determinations For TSS, Nitrogen And Phosphorus At The 112 Bridge On The Osage Creek, Final Report” Arkansas Water Resources Center Publication, 2003.  Nelson, M.A., L.W. Cash “Water Quality Sampling, Analysis And Annual Load Determinations For TSS, Nitrogen And Phosphorus On Moores Creek, 2002 Annual Report” Arkansas Water Resources Center Publication, 2003.  

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Water Quality Sampling, Analysis and Annual Load Determinations for TSS, Nitrogen and Phosphorus at the Wyman Road Bridge on the White River

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