Defeyter, Margaret Anne (Greta)

Ingwersen, Jeanet

Russo, Riccardo

Walton, Jenny

Northumbria University Research Portal

Citation: Defeyter, Margaret Anne (Greta), Walton, Jenny, Russo, Riccardo and Ingwersen, Jeanet  (2009)  Breakfast  clubs:  more  than  just  a  meal.  In:  British  Psychological  Society Developmental Section Annual Conference, 9 - 11 September 2009, Nottingham, UK. URL: This  version  was  downloaded  from  Northumbria  Research  Link: http://nrl.northumbria.ac.uk/5623/Northumbria University has developed Northumbria Research Link (NRL) to enable users to access the University’s research output. Copyright ©  and moral rights for items on NRL are retained by the individual author(s) and/or other copyright owners.  Single copies of full items can be reproduced,  displayed or  performed,  and given to third parties in  any format  or medium for personal research or study, educational, or not-for-profit purposes without prior permission or charge, provided the authors, title and full bibliographic details are given, as well  as a hyperlink and/or URL to the original metadata page.  The content must  not  be changed in any way. Full  items must not be sold commercially in any format or medium without  formal  permission  of  the  copyright  holder.   The  full  policy  is  available  online: http://nrl.northumbria.ac.uk/policies.htmlThis document may differ from the final, published version of the research and has been made available online in accordance with publisher policies. To read and/or cite from the published version of the research, please visit the publisher’s website (a subscription may be required.)Breakfast Clubs: More than just a mealMargaret Anne Defeyter, Jenny Walton, Riccardo Russo & Jeanet IngwersenBPS Developmental Psychology Section Conference 2009Background and Aims Amidst a growing body of research that has investigated the impact of school breakfast club attendance on cognitive processes, nutrition, overall health; attendance (see Murphy 2007), the specific question of whether breakfast club attendance facilitates children’s social relationships at school has received little attention (Defeyter, 2009). Recent research has suggested that the quality of friendship is an important predictor of overall emotional well-being and loneliness & young children’s early school adjustment (Ladd, Kochenderfer, & Coleman, 1996). The present study investigated whether attending a school breakfast club had any impact on :  (1) attendees  social relationship with other pupils  (2)  attendees  relationship’s with their primary school teacher.Results Teacher Relationship QuestionnaireDesign & Method16 Attendees (mean age = 9:3, range 5:3 -11:4 years) Completed a Friendship Questionnaire and a Teacher Relationship Questionnaire (adapted from Bukowski et al., 1994) at the start of breakfast club attendance and then 6 months later.Their performance was compared to a group of non-attendees matched for age and SES (N =12).Friendship Questionnaire consists of five dimensions of friendship: companionship, conflict, help, closeness and security.Teacher Relationship Questionnaire consists of five dimensions: conflict, help, security, approachableness, communication.DiscussionAnalysis of the Friendship Questionnaire revealed no significant differences between attendees and non-attendees in terms of conflict, help, security or closeness. However, there was a significant difference between groups in terms of companionship.Analysis of the Teacher Relationship Questionnaire revealed no significant differences for conflict and communication but significant differences between attendees and non-attendees for help, security and approachableness..References:Defeyter, M.A. (2008). Benefits of breakfast clubs: Cognitive and Social Outcomes. Paper presented at the 9th National Nutrition and Health conference, Olympia conference centre, London, UKLadd, G. W., Kochenderfer, B. J., Coleman, C.C. (1996). Classroom peer acceptance, friendship, and victimisation: distinct relational systems that contribute uniquely to children’s school adjustment? Child Development, 68, 1181-1197Murphy, J.M. (2007). Breakfast and Learning: An updated review. Current Nutrition & Food Science, 3, 3 -36.Companionship Test Time 1 Test Time 2Attendees 4.06 (0.19) 4.08 (0.20)Non-attendees 4.16 (0.23) 3.66 (0.25)Help Test Time 1 Test Time 2Attendees 4.06 (0.33) 4.18 (0.24)Nom-attendees 4.38 (0.23) 3.79 (0.27)Results: Pupil Friendship QuestionnaireResults: Teacher Relationship QuestionnaireSecurity Test Time 1 Test Time 2Attendees 3.47 (0.36) 3.90 (0.25)Non-attendees 3.79 (0.34) 3.25 (0.24)Approachableness Test Time 1 Test Time 2Attendees 3.65 (0.18) 4.21 (0.20)Non-attendees 3.50 (0.35) 3.38 (0.21)t-test performed on difference scores(t (26) = 2.18; p=0.04)t-test performed in difference scores(t (26) = 2.35; p < 0.05)(t (26) = 2.56; p < 0.05)(t (26) = 2.24; p < 0.05). 

Breakfast clubs: more than just a meal

http://nrl.northumbria.ac.uk/5623/1/BPS%20Developmental%20Conference%20Kellogg%27s%20breakfast%20friendship%20paper%20Sep%202009.pdf

Breakfast clubs: more than just a meal

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