One case of 63, XO chromosome constitution is described in a phenotypically normal but  sterile mare with gonadal dysgenesis.Une jument stérile, phénotypiquement normale mais présentant une dysgénie gonadique  a été trouvée porteuse d’une monosomie pour le chromosome sexuel X

Cribiu, EP

Driancourt, MA

Metenier, Liliane

English

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An XO chromosome constitution
in a sterile Mare (Equus caballus)
Liliane METENIER M.A. DRIANCOURT E.P. CRIBIU
(’) Laboratoire de Cytogénétique !7.7V.C.!./.!4.-/.7V.7?.!.,
Centre vaational de Recherches zootechniques,
783$o Jouy-en-Josas (Fvance)
(2) Station de Physiologie de la Repvoduction,
Centre la Recherches de Tours, 7.A!.K.!., .,
37380 Nouzilly (France)
Summary
One case of 63, XO chromosome constitution is described in a phenotypically normal but
sterile mare with gonadal dysgenesis.
Several general descriptions of the karyotype of the Domestic Horse (Equus
caballus) have been reported (RoTH!x!I,ns et al., 1959; TRUJILLO et al., Ig62;
SASRKI and MAKINO, 1962 and MAKINO et al., Ig63). According to the idiogram
established by DE GiOVANNi et al. (Ig7), the diploid number was 6q of which 6 pairs
were submetacentric, 7 pairs metacentric, the X metacentric and the Y acrocentric.
In recent years, chromosome studies of Horse have generally been directed
toward the association of chromosome alterations with phenotypic defects includ-
ing those of the reproductive system (review of DE GIOVANNI and CRIBIU, 1978).
The best known example is the abnormal XO sex chromosome constitution report-
ed by CHANDi/EY et al. (1975), HUGES et al. (1975) and TAYLORand TROMMES-
CHAUSEN-SMITH (1975).
The present report describes the chromosome constitution of a sterile mare.
A phenotypically normal but apparently sterile female was admitted to the
department of Physiology of the Reproduction of NOUZILLY to be hemicastrated.
The genital tractus appeared normal. As seen by rectal palpation, the ovary
was very small, smooth, firm with no follicules on its surface; histological exa-
mination showed that it was completely devoided of follicules and thus fully made
of stroma tissu only.
Blood samples were obtained from the jugular vein for chromosome analysis.
Leucocytes were cultured and harvested according to MOORH!AD et al. (ig6o).
C-banding was achieved by a modification of the technique of SUMNER (r972).
Chromosome preparations were observed with a I,eitz-Ortholux microscope
and photographs were taken on Kodak microfile film with a I,eitz-Orthomat camera.
The arrangement of the horse chromosomes in karyotype were made according
to DE GIOVANNI et al. (1979).
All the 47 metaphases counted had a chromosome number of 2n = 63 (fig. 1).
The C-banding&dquo;metaphases showed this mare to have anormal autosomal complement
and only one X chromosome.
The abnormal XO sex chromosome constitution is well known in man and it
can caused by either paternal or maternal non-disjunction. A,ffected individuals
are phenotypic females but usually display infantile sexual development and /or
assortment of somatic abnormalities (Turner’s Syndrome) and are sterile.
All the XO mares reported by CHANDLEY et al. (Ig75), HUGES et al. (1975)
and TAYLORand TROMM!RSCHAUS!N-SMITH (1975) did not vary from our case.
They were phenotypically normal female and had inactive ovaries (or not ovary)
lacking germ cells.
Our data demonstrate that cytogenetic tests could be a valuable tool to explain
potential infertility in mares.
Acknowledgments
We thank Dr. C.P. Porascu (Laboratoire de Cytogénétique U.N.C.E.I.A.-I.N.R.A., C.N.-
R.Z., Jouy-en-Josas, France) for helpful discussions and critical reviews of the manuscript.
Résumé
Une jument stérile (Equus caballus) de caryotype, XO
Une jument stérile, phénotypiquement normale mais présentant une dysgénie gonadique
a été trouvée porteuse d’une monosomie pour le chromosome sexuel X.
References
CHANDLEY A. C., FLETCHER J., ROSSDALEP. D., PEACE C. K., RICKETTS S. W., Me ENERY R. J.,
THORNE J. P., SHORT R. V., ALLEN W. R., 1975. Chromosome abnormalities as a cause of
infertility in mares. J. Repvod. Fevt., 23, 377-83.
DE GIOVANNI A., CRIBIU E. P., 1978. Le anomalie cromosomiche nel cavallo (Equus caballus).
Zootec. nutv. anim., 4, 9-16.
DE GIOVANNI A., MOLTENI L., SUCCI G., CASTIGLIONI M., CRIBIU E. P., I()7). The idiogram
of the domestic horse (Equus caballus I,.). Caryologia, 32, 215-22.
HUGHES J. P., KENNEDY P. C., BENIRSCHKE K., Ic!75. XO-Gonadal Dysgenesis in, the Mare
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OTHFELS K. H., AXELRD A. A., SIMINOVITCH L., MC CULLOCH E. A., RARKER R. C., 1959.
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transplantation studies in R. W. Bigg Can. Cancev Covc f., Academic Press, New York, 3, I89-z I4.
SASAKI M. S., MAKINO S., Ig6z. Revised study of the chromosome of domestic cattle and the
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An XO chromosome constitution in a sterile Mare ()

Metenier, L.

Driancourt, Marc Antoine

Cribiu, Edmond

ProdInra

An XO chromosome constitution  in a sterile Mare (Equus caballus)

Driancourt MA

Metenier Liliane

Cribiu EP

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An XO chromosome constitution in a sterile Mare (<it>Equus caballus</it>)

Liliane Metenier

MA Driancourt

EP Cribiu

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An XO chromosome constitution in a sterile Mare (Equus caballus

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An XO chromosome constitution in a sterile Mare (Equus caballus)

A simple technique for demonstrating centromeric heterochromatin.

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Chromosome abnormalities as a cause of infertility in mares.

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An XO chromosome constitution in a sterile Mare (Equus caballus)

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