We investigated the presence of ESBL and AmpC-producing Enterobacteriaceae
isolated from 200 rectal swabs of healthy swine and 200 samples of ground pork.
Phenotypic testing by using the double synergy differential test (DSDT) for ESBL/
AmpC-positive strains was confirmed by PCR and DNA sequence analysis. The
localization of beta-lactamase genes was established by conjugation experiments.
ESBL and/or AmpC-producing Enterobacteriaceae was found in 52.2% (95/182) of
the isolates collected from rectal swabs and 3% (3/100) of isolates obtained from
ground pork samples. Polymerase chain reaction and sequencing confirmed the
presence of blaTEM-20, blaTEM-34, blaTEM-52, blaCTX-M-1, blaSHV-12, blaTEM-11SHV-12,
blaTEM-201SHV-12, blaCMY-2, blaTEM-11 CMY-2, blaACC-1 and blaACC-2. The conjugation
assays yielded positive results, denoting a plasmid localization of the gene
