Dynamic expression of CTSL mRNA in response to <i>E</i>. <i>coli</i> challenge.

Abstract

Relative mRNA expression (2 -ΔΔct) levels of CTSL were detected using SRBR green assay and normalized to β-actin in the 2nd (A), 3rd (B), 4th (C), 5th (D), and 6th (E) instars. The fold-change of CTSL expression was calculated at 1.5, 3, 6, 9, and 12 h post-stimulation with E. coli and compared with 0 h (negative control was non-treated BSFL). Bars represent mean ± S.E. (n = 3). Statistical significance is indicated with lowercase letters (p < 0.05).</p