MMAE synergized with cGAMP-mediated STING signaling to show potent and broad antiviral activity <i>in vitro</i>.

Abstract

(A and C) THP1 and L929 cells were infected with VSV-GFP (MOI = 0.1), HSV-1-GFP (MOI = 1) or PRV-GFP (MOI = 1), and then cultured cGAMP (0.5 μM) and/or MMAE (0.25 μM) for indicated times. Viral propagation was determined by western blot. The results are representative of three independent biological replicates. (B) THP1 cells viability was determined by ATP assay after indicated treatments for 24 h. (D) Donor THP1 cells were treated with cGAMP and/or MMAE for 6h, then washed out to produce 24 h-conditioned media, which was added to recipient Vero cells infected or uninfected with VACV-GFP (MOI = 5) or EV-A71 (MOI = 1). Whole-cell lysates were subjected to immunoblotting with specific antibodies at indicated times. (TIF)</p