Silyl Tether-Assisted Photooxygenation of Electron-Deficient Enaminoesters: Direct Access to Oxamate Formation

Abstract

Photooxygenation reactions of electron-deficient enaminoesters bearing an oxophilic silyl tether at the α-position of the nitrogen atom using methylene blue (MB) were explored to develop a mild and efficient photochemical strategy for oxidative C–C double bond cleavage reactions via singlet oxygen (1O2). Photochemically generated 1O2, through energy transfer from the triplet excited state of MB (3MB*) to molecular oxygen (3O2), was added across a C–C double bond moiety of enaminoesters to form perepoxides, which rearranged to form dioxetane intermediates. The cycloreversion of the formed dioxetane via both C–C and O–O bond cleavage processes led to the formation of oxamates. Importantly, contrary to alkyl group tether-substituted electron-deficient enaminoesters that typically disfavor photooxygenation, the silyl tether-substituted analogues undergo this photochemical transformation efficiently with the assistance of a silyl tether, which facilitates formation of the perepoxide. The observations in this study provide useful information about photosensitized oxygenation reactions of unsaturated C–C bonds, and, moreover, this photochemical strategy can be utilized as a mild and feasible method for the preparation of diversely functionalized carbonyl compounds including oxamates