At necropsy, the cecal load of E. coli LF82 was enumerated by bacteriological culture (A), and 16s rRNA gene amplicon sequencing was performed on DNA recovered from fecal samples to assess relative microbial abundance (B). A Weighted UniFrac PCoA plot was generated using PhyloSeq to assess changes in beta diversity among the treatment groups (C). Each point represents a single animal, and each color represents a treatment group. The ellipses were generated to visualize the relative variability of each treatment group. Shared letters between different groups indicate no statistical significance with an ANOVA with multiple group comparisons test. A: LF82A n = 11, LF82A + DSS n = 15, LF82N n = 13, LF82N + DSS n = 19; B and C: Control n = 3, DSS n = 3, LF82A n = 4, LF82A + DSS n = 6, LF82N n = 5, LF82N + DSS n = 8.</p