Bmp signaling in palatal rugae development.

Abstract

(A-L) Sagittal sections of developing palate between midline and molar region showing in situ hybridization of Bmp2 (A, B), Bmp4 (C, D), Bmp5 (E, F), Bmp7 (G, H) and Noggin (I, J) at E14.5 (A, C, E, G, I) and E16.5 (B, D, F, H, J) and immunohistochemistry of p-Smad1/5/9 (K, L) in wild-type (A-K) and Wise mutants (L) at E13.5. Box showing large magnification images of developing rugae area. (M) Schematic of Bmp signaling activity and Noggin expression in palatal rugae in sagittal view. Oral views of palatal rugae in adult Noggin-K14 (N) and Bmp4-K14 mice (O). Red arrowheads indicate disorganized rugae. Scale bar; 200μm.</p