<p>A.) Indirect Immuno-fluorescence Assays (IFA). a.) Pretreatment anti-HEp-2 autoantibodies were present at plasma titrations of 1:80 in Subject #6. b.) Autoantibodies were diminished immediately following his TPE treatment (image here at 1:20 titration). c.) Normal plasma control specimen (1:20 titration). B.) IFA Titers. Anti-HEp-2 autoantibody titers were determined in the first eight subjects. Titers were reduced following the initial TPE series in all except Subject #1 (dotted line, solid circles), who was also the only subject among these that did not have a beneficial clinical response.</p