Linear sets in the projective line over the endomorphism ring of a finite field

Abstract

Let $\mathrm{PG}(1,E)$ be the projective line over the endomorphism ring $E=End_q({\mathbb F}_{q^t})$ of the $\mathbb F_q$-vector space ${\mathbb F}_{q^t}$. As is well known there is a bijection $\Psi:\mathrm{PG}(1,E)\rightarrow{\cal G}_{2t,t,q}$ with the Grassmannian of the $(t-1)$-subspaces in $\mathrm{PG}(2t-1,q)$. In this paper along with any $\mathbb F_q$-linear set $L$ of rank $t$ in $\mathrm{PG}(1,q^t)$, determined by a $(t-1)$-dimensional subspace $T^\Psi$ of $\mathrm{PG}(2t-1,q)$, a subset $L_T$ of $\mathrm{PG}(1,E)$ is investigated. Some properties of linear sets are expressed in terms of the projective line over the ring $E$. In particular the attention is focused on the relationship between $L_T$ and the set $L'_T$, corresponding via $\Psi$ to a collection of pairwise skew $(t-1)$-dimensional subspaces, with $T\in L'_T$, each of which determine $L$. This leads among other things to a characterization of the linear sets of pseudoregulus type. It is proved that a scattered linear set $L$ related to $T\in\mathrm{PG}(1,E)$ is of pseudoregulus type if and only if there exists a projectivity $\varphi$ of $\mathrm{PG}(1,E)$ such that $L_T^\varphi=L'_T$