До проблеми міжнародно-правового упередження кіберзлочинності та кібертероризму як результату негативного впливу інформаційних технологій на суспільство.К проблеме международно-правового предупреждения киберзлочинности и кибертерроризма как результата негативного влияния информационных технологий на общество.As to the problem of international law prevention of cyber crime and cyber terrorism as a result of the negative impact of information technologies on the society

Colenbrander, B.

Holt, W.V.

Imrat, P.

Jansittiwate, S.

Kornkaewrat, K.

Mahasawangkul, Sittidet

Pinyopummin, A.

Sombutputorn, P.

Stout, Tom

Suthanmapinanth, P.

Thitaram, Chatchote

Thongtip, Nikorn

P. Imrat

S. Mahasawangkul

C. Thitaram

P. Suthanmapinanth

K. Kornkaewrat

P. Sombutputorn

S. Jansittiwate

N. Thongtip

A. Pinyopummin

B. Colenbrander

W.V. Holt

T.A.E. Stout

Crossref

Animal Reproduction Science

Effect of alternate day collection on semen quality of Asian elephants (Elephas maximus) with poor initial fresh semen quality

In captivity, male Asian elephants often yield poor quality semen after transrectal manually assisted semen collection; however, the reasons for the disappointing semen quality are not clear. Here we test the hypothesis that accumulation of senescent spermatozoa is a contributory factor, and that semen quality can therefore be improved by more frequent ejaculation. To this end we investigated the effect of collecting semen five times on alternate days, after a long period of sexual rest, on semen quality in Asian elephants known to deliver poor semen during infrequent single collections. All eight bulls initially displayed a high incidence of detached sperm heads and low percentages of motile (close to 0%) spermatozoa. After semen collection on alternate days, the percentages of detached sperm heads, and head and mid-piece abnormalities, were reduced significantly (p<0.05). In particular, one bull showed markedly improved sperm motility (increased from 0% to 60%) and membrane integrity (increased from 5% to 75%). In addition, advancing age significantly (p<0.01) correlated with lower percentages of sperm with intact membranes and a higher frequency of detached sperm heads. In contrast to sperm accumulation problems in other species, a small ampullary diameter correlated significantly (p<0.05) with reduced semen quality.EU-Asia-Link Project on “Managing the Health and Reproduction of Elephant Populations in Asia” TH/Asia Link/012 (9141055).http://www.elsevier.com/locate/anireproscihb201

Imrat, Podjana

Thitaram, C.

Jansittiwate, Saran

Stout, T.A.E. (Tom)

UPSpace at the University of Pretoria

In captivity, male Asian elephants often yield poor quality semen after transrectal manually assisted semen collection; however, the reasons for the disappointing semen quality are not clear. Here we test the hypothesis that accumulation of senescent spermatozoa is a contributory factor, and that semen quality can therefore be improved by more frequent ejaculation. To this end we investigated the effect of collecting semen five times on alternate days, after a long period of sexual rest, on semen quality in Asian elephants known to deliver poor semen during infrequent single collections. All eight bulls initially displayed a high incidence of detached sperm heads and low percentages of motile (close to 0%) spermatozoa. After semen collection on alternate days, the percentages of detached sperm heads, and head and mid-piece abnormalities, were reduced significantly (p<0.05). In particular, one bull showed markedly improved sperm motility (increased from 0% to 60%) and membrane integrity (increased from 5% to 75%). In addition, advancing age significantly (p<0.01) correlated with lower percentages of sperm with intact membranes and a higher frequency of detached sperm heads. In contrast to sperm accumulation problems in other species, a small ampullary diameter correlated significantly (p<0.05) with reduced semen quality

LS Klinische Reproductie

LS Voortplanting Inwendige Ziekten

Biology of Reproductive Cells

ES/FAH BRC

NARCIS 

Utrecht University Repository

https://repository.up.ac.za/bitstream/2263/40680/1/Imrat_Effect_2014.pdf