Hino, Yasuo

Nishimura, Takashi

Yamamoto, Kuniharu

Osaka City University Repository

Mern. Fae. Eng., Osaka City Univ., Vol. 36,pp. 33-38.(1995)
A Characteristic Analysis on the Resort Development Projects in Japan
by
Kuniharu YAMAMOTO*, Yasuo HINO** and Takashi NISHIMURA***
(Received September, 1995)
Synopsis
In this study, various kinds of schemes in 45 administrative regions having resorts
development projects, in Japan, were surveyed by the questionnaire and their characteristics were
analyzed by the quantification theory (III). As a result, these schemes were classified into eight
typical types, which were specified by the regional characteristics. On the other hand, this result
also showed that the multiplicity was lacking among these types. Some major results of this paper
will give the essential information to promote each scheme from now on.
Keywords : Resort development, Categorization, Quantification Analysis, Questionnair
Survey, Facilities Characteristics, Regional Characteristics
1. Introduction
In Japan, since the law to promote the resort development projects was enacted in 1988,
many projects were already recognized. Then, it will be considered to be essential matter to
know the characteristics of their projects, in order to evaluate the direction for the regional
development.
This paper reports the major results obtained from the analysis of such regional
characteristics.
2. Outline of Survey and Data
In this study, the questionnaire survey for 45 administrative regions were executed in
order to know the contents of schemes for resort projects. As a result, major contents
answered from 39 regions were shown as .follows.
1) Each project has proceeded favorably.
2) Each project has been pushed by the consultation based on the public and private
cooperation.
3) The regional development will be supported by planning of public facilities such as road,
air - port, park and so on.
**
**JIc
Civil Engineer, Japan Housing and Urban Development Corporation
Lecturer, Department of Civil Engineering
Professor, Department of Civil Engineering
33
34 Kuniharu YAMAMOTO, Yasuo HINO and Takashi NISHIMURA
In this paper, the detail data of 286 areas in 38 administrative regions with "Fundamental
project data" were analyzed. These areas, which have 3000ha or less area respectively, will
be planned to be developed emphaticaIly.
3. Classification of Regional Characteristics
3.1 Kinds of resort facilities
Various kinds of resort facilities, which were planned in 286 areas, were categorized as
shown in Table I and Fig.l. These results show that sport facilities such as golf links,
tennis court, marina are popular.
In this paper, the organization of facilities in each area was analyzed by the
quantification theory (III). Through these results, the characteristics of each category and
area will be scored.
Table 1. Categorization of resort facilities
(8)playing
ode category rat io(%)
29 tenn is 22
30 golf 36
31 ski 26
32 soccer I baseba II 27
33 other fie Id sports 19
34 indoor sports 12
35 bath ing beach 20
36 yacht, mar ina 29
37 gI ider I ba I loon 5
38 canoe 2
39 cart course 2
40 climbing 4
41 hiking, cycl ing 8
42 promenade 9
(2
ode category rat io(%)
A north region 13
B east region 21
C central region(west) 43
0 south region 22
)geography
ode category rat io(%)
1 mountain 28
2 hi" 20
3 lake side 16
4 river side 15
5 sea side 40
6 pecul iarity 8
3)recuperation
ode category rat 10(%)
7 hot spring 30
8 med ica I f ac iii ties 31
9 forest 5
(l)locaUon
( )h9 unllng
1C0de category rat io(%)
43 orchard 20
44 pasture 12
45 fishing 14
(lO)leaming
ode category rat io(%)
46 convent ion ha I I 26
47 sem inar house 24
48 gym 2
(5)lood (and drink)
(4)stay
!code category rat i0-00
10 short stay hote I 44
11 long stay hotel 41
12 calT1) fac i I it i es 26
odE categOry rat io(%)
13 restaurant 9
14 barbecue 2
15 processed food 4
(ll)creating
ode category rat io(%)
49 art and crafts 9
50 studio 15
51 research inst i tute 4
15
7
ratiood category
16 urban-type fac iii ties
17 tourist market place
(6)sho ing
[note]
rat i0(%)
[(nlJ11ber of sallt>les for each category)/286J*100
(7) •seemg
ode category ratio-OO
18 observatory fac iii ties 7
19 pleasure boat 6
20 dr ive way 3
21 amusement park 16
22 zoo and botanical garden 17
23 museum 26
24 observat i on of nature 16
25 rows of houses, vi I Iage 24
26 shr ine & t elT1) Ie 19
27 festival 12
28 fore ign image 6
A Characteristic Analysis on the Resort Development Projects in Japan 35
.......................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................
o
100
90'" - - _ - .
80
70' .
~ 60
:§' 50
~
«l
~ 40
30
20
10
38 4 1 15 40 6 43 26 39 29 42 12 2 28 17 27 16 11 32 13 7 30
3 33 14 21 31 37 5 41 36 25 18 35 24 23 9 34 10 8 20 19 22
code No. of resort facilities in Table 1
Fig. 1. Distribution of resort facilities
3.2 Categorization offacilities
From the result of the quantification theory (III), it was cleared that in positive score
side there existed the mountain characteristics such as ski, climbing and so on, on the other
hand the sea characteristics such as marina, marine park etc. had negative score. Therefore,
the first axis will be judged to show the comparison of "mountain-sea" characteristics.
Figure 2 and 3 show the scatter diagrams concerned with the second axis and the third
axis. The former is the result of "seeing item", the latter is one of "playing item". These
results illustrated that the second axis shows the comparison of "historical ( or natural )-
modern ( or artificial )" characteristics, and the third axis shows the comparison of "travelling
-stay" characteristics.
the third axis the third axis
~ the second
axis
<travel ing>
...........: ~ ) .. ········· ··~ ··.. ·I4
2
0;
[traveling in natuerJ
•
...........: ".0 6 (~ ( ..
0
0
A 00 • 0; ~
o _ 0 og .00 : ....
<facilitie's>~: ~ 0°0 • 10 <nature>
:7 · oo.o~
1 • 0 0 0 00 6 1'" :
-2 .[g:~~~~~J~ .:..Js~~~~~:} .
<stay> ~
o [nature]
.........~ ··~.. ·· ······;····· ··· ..·.. ·f··· ·
oj4
2 ··········0······ .. ····· ·:···········f·:··············;········
io : 0:00 0g. OJ • 0\ the second
o ~p-to- 00. 0 0 ! <tradit'iona )' axis
000 .0 0 : .date~ 0 c 0.0.0, ~I[.ode~..a. ~.~.~}.h.i.~~~.r.ic,ll~l.
-2
-2 o 2 4 -2 o 2 4
Fig.2. Scatter diagram of categories
for the second- third axis
<Item of seeing>
Fig.3. Scatter diagram of categories
for the second- third axis
<Item of playing>
36 Kuniharu YAMAMOTO, Yasuo HINO and Takashi NISHIMURA
3.3 Categorization of areas
Based on the result of categorization of facilities in section 3.2, each area was also
categorized as shown Fig.4 and 5, which show the scatter diagrams of each area for the first
-second axis and the second - third axis, respectively. These illustrate some interesting
results as follows.
1) These areas were divided into two groups, "mountain type" and "seaside type".
2) These distinctive characteristics between mountain and seaside type were strengthened in
case of introducing the natural type facilities.
3) The natural type facilities have a large range of variety, but the characteristics of each area
of planning artificial type facilities were common.
4
the second axis
<nature>
o 4
the second ax i s
<nature>
o
-2
<artificial i ty>
024
the third
axis
<trave ling>
o ~ 0 0
0··..·.. oo··j· ·..·..·· .. ··· · .
~ 0
<artificial i ty>
024
-2
o <S>o 0
o 0 0 00
.. 0.00 0 00 . 0
0\ 0 ~oo o@ 02
-4
the third
axis
<lloUntain>
o
a: ~ d
00 0 o.ofj~
o O~
0:
-2
o 0 ~
-4
o
2
-4
-2
Fig.4. Scatter -diagram of areas for
the first - second axis
Fig.5. Scatter diagram of areas for
the second- third axis
4. Analysis of Regional Characteristics
Observing the combination of facilities and areas, three groups, which contained the ski
resort in the northern region, the marine resort in the southern region and the complex type
resort in the central region, were distinguished. Furthermore, using the combination three
classification axes and these marks, these areas were grouped into eight types as shown in
Fig.6. It is cleared also from this figure that 3 or 4 major types are distinguished such as,
1) the mountain-nature type in the northern region,
2) the mountain- artificial type in the eastern region,
3) the seaside-nature type in the southern region,
4) the seaside-artificial type in the central region.
A Characteristic Analysis on the Resort Development Projects in Japan
~.-._"_._-_._----------------_ ..- --, .50 ----------- ..---------------
40
~
Q)
~ 30
~
oi 20
10
o __ ~
<fX±Xf) <±>®8 (f)8(f) <ree 8(±)(!) 8(t)8 88<B eee
Note: Marks ® ® © under each bar-graph show
each axis as follows, respectively.
a: the first axis «mountain) ® ~ e (sea»
b: the second axis «nature) ® ~ e (artificiality»
c: the third axis «traveling) ® ~ e (stay»
Fig. 6. Classification of regions based on facilities types
5. Summary
37
Some major results of this paper are summarized as follows.
1) Through the questionnaire survey to the 45 administrative regions, the detail data of
schemes concerned to resort development projects were obtained for 286 areas in 39
regions.
2) From the location of resort areas and the organization of facilities, three classification
bases were founded as shown in the comparison axis of "mountain- sea",
"natural-artificial" and "travelling-stay" characteristics.
3) Each area authorized by the law of resort development were grouped into two groups of
mountain and seaside types. In case ofintroducing the natural type facilities, the
difference of characteristics of these groups were distinguished.
4) The characteristics of natural type facilities were more variable and individual than one of
the artificial type facilities.
5) Each region was grouped into three typical groups, such as, the ski resorts, marine resort
and complex resort, from the combination characteristics between facilities and regions.
6) Areas and facilities were grouped into four typical groups, such as," the mountain-natural
type in the northern region", "the mountain-artificial type in the eastern region"," the
seaside-natural type in the southern region" and" the seaside-artificial type in the
central region".
38 Kuniharu YAMAMOTO, Yasuo HINO and Takashi NISHIMURA
Now, many resort development projects seem to be difficult to continue at the original
scale, by the elapse of time, such as, nature protection, economic depression and so on.
Therefore, in order to promote these projects from now on, it will be important to develop
the region or areas properly by considering the variation and uniqueness.
Some major results in this paper will give the essential data to investigate the direction
of such development. However, more detail data of the infrastructure facilities will have to be
collected and analyzed, especially concerning their influence to the environment and
economics.


A Characteristic Analysis on the Resort Development Projects in Japan

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A Characteristic Analysis on the Resort Development Projects in Japan

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