Since its inception in 1998, the European Federation for Colposcopy (EFC) now comprises 26 member societies. Its
principle aim is to promote high quality colposcopy throughout Europe with special emphasis on training, education and
treatment. This review summarises EFC’s activities and achievements to date

Daizhan Zhou (197955)

Dan Zhang (51283)

Di Zhang (197959)

Fatao Liu (512246)

Hong Zhang (25820)

Junyi Ye (512244)

Lan Cao (512241)

Lin He (102807)

Qin Shen (512242)

Ting Wang (16292)

Wanqing Liu (25627)

Xiaoling Weng (512245)

Xun Hu (74649)

Yanting Wu (512243)

Yongyong Shi (102679)

Yun Liu (84346)

Zhiqiang Li (102723)

Zhou Zhang (197948)

PLoS ONE

English

PubMed

Leukocyte telomere length (LTL) is a predictor of aging and a number of age-related diseases. We performed genome-wide association studies of mean LTL in 2632 individuals,with a two-stage replication in 3917 individuals from Chinese populations. To further validate our findings, we get the results of 696 samples from a cohort of European ancestry. We identified two loci associated with LTL that map in telomerase reverse transcriptase (TERT; rs2736100, P = 1.93×10−5) on chromosome 5p15.33 and near keratin 80 (KRT80; rs17653722, P = 6.96×10−6) on 12q13.13. In Chinese population each C allele of rs2736100 and T allele of rs17653722 was associated with a longer mean telomere length of 0.026 and 0.059 T/S, respectively, equivalent to about 3 and 7 years of average age-related telomere attrition. Our findings provide new insights into telomere regulatory mechanism and even pathogenesis of age-related diseases

Liu, Yun

Cao, Lan

Li, Zhiqiang

Zhou, Daizhan

Liu, Wanqing

Shen, Qin

Wu, Yanting

Zhang, Dan

Hu, Xun

Wang, Ting

Ye, Junyi

Weng, Xiaoling

Zhang, Hong

Zhang, Di

Zhang, Zhou

Liu, Fatao

He, Lin

Shi, Yongyong

Purdue E-Pubs

A Genome-Wide Association Study Identifies a Locus on TERT for Mean Telomere Length in Han Chinese.

Yun Liu

Lan Cao

Zhiqiang Li

Daizhan Zhou

Wanqing Liu

Qin Shen

Yanting Wu

Dan Zhang

Xun Hu

Ting Wang

Junyi Ye

Xiaoling Weng

Hong Zhang

Di Zhang

Zhou Zhang

Fatao Liu

Lin He

Yongyong Shi

Crossref

A Genome-Wide Association Study Identifies a Locus on TERT for Mean Telomere Length in Han Chinese

Leukocyte telomere length (LTL) is a predictor of aging and a number of age-related diseases. We performed genome-wide association studies of mean LTL in 2632 individuals,with a two-stage replication in 3917 individuals from Chinese populations. To further validate our findings, we get the results of 696 samples from a cohort of European ancestry. We identified two loci associated with LTL that map in telomerase reverse transcriptase (TERT; rs2736100, P = 1.93×10(-5)) on chromosome 5p15.33 and near keratin 80 (KRT80; rs17653722, P = 6.96×10(-6)) on 12q13.13. In Chinese population each C allele of rs2736100 and T allele of rs17653722 was associated with a longer mean telomere length of 0.026 and 0.059 T/S, respectively, equivalent to about 3 and 7 years of average age-related telomere attrition. Our findings provide new insights into telomere regulatory mechanism and even pathogenesis of age-related diseases

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A genome-wide association study identifies a locus on TERT for mean telomere length in Han Chinese.

<div>Leukocyte telomere length (LTL) is a predictor of aging and a number of age-related diseases. We performed genome-wide association studies of mean LTL in 2632 individuals,with a two-stage replication in 3917 individuals from Chinese populations. To further validate our findings, we get the results of 696 samples from a cohort of European ancestry. We identified two loci associated with LTL that map in telomerase reverse transcriptase (TERT; rs2736100, P = 1.93×10−5) on chromosome 5p15.33 and near keratin 80 (KRT80; rs17653722, P = 6.96×10−6) on 12q13.13. In Chinese population each C allele of rs2736100 and T allele of rs17653722 was associated with a longer mean telomere length of 0.026 and 0.059 T/S, respectively, equivalent to about 3 and 7 years of average age-related telomere attrition. Our findings provide new insights into telomere regulatory mechanism and even pathogenesis of age-related diseases.</div

The Francis Crick Institute

A Genome-Wide Association Study Identifies a Locus on TERT for Mean Telomere Length in Han Chinese

Charles Redman

Joseph Jordan

Hrčak - Portal of scientific journals of Croatia

Coll. Antropol. 31 (2007) Suppl. 2: 131–133ReviewHow Can the European Federationfor Colposcopy Promote High QualityColposcopy Throughout Europe?Charles Redman1and Joseph Jordan21 University Hospital of North Staffordshire, Stoke-on-Trent, UK2 Birmingham Hospital for Women, Birmingham, UKA B S T R A C TSince its inception in 1998, the European Federation for Colposcopy (EFC) now comprises 26 member societies. Itsprinciple aim is to promote high quality colposcopy throughout Europe with special emphasis on training, education andtreatment. This review summarises EFC’s activities and achievements to date.Key words: colposcopy, training, educationIntroductionColposcopic diagnostic performance depends upon apractitioner’s proficiency as well as the clinical context inwhich it is used. It is subjective and the related manage-ment decisions require problem solving skills and experi-ence. Both diagnosis and subsequent management re-quire not only adequate training but also a sufficientworkload to maintain those skills.There is increasing concern that patients should re-ceive high quality and cost-effective care throughout Eu-rope. The need to protect against inadequate practise isparticularly relevant to colposcopy because it is subjec-tive and because most women who are examined arewell. Performed correctly colposcopy minimises damagebut if performed badly the scope for needless damage isgreat. Whereas the indications for colposcopy may varythroughout Europe, its objective is the same, namely todetect cervical disease, particularly pre-invasive changes.It is against this background that the need for sharedstandards throughout Europe has become increasinglyrecognised. These standards are needed in two key areas,namely training and treatment.The European Federation for ColposcopyFrom its inception in Dublin in 1998, it was agreedthat a priority for the European Federation for Colpo-scopy (EFC)1 should be to work towards standardisationof training for colposcopy and agreement on audit meth-ods and outcomes of treatment.The EFC is a federation of colposcopic societies whichnow comprises 26 member societies throughout Europe.During its short history two large and successful trien-nial conferences have taken place in Greece (Rhodes,2001) and France (Paris, 2004) as well as a third meetingto be held in Serbia (Belgrade) this year. The Federa-tion’s main educational aim has been to create a frame-work that should promote high quality and uniformtraining throughout Europe and a principle goal hasbeen for all member societies to be able to offer a trainingprogramme that shares common aims and objectives.Core CurriculumThe primary aim of the training programme was toproduce competent diagnostic colposcopists because di-agnosis is the foundation for clinical management. De-spite the fact the colposcopy can be performed in differ-ent settings and for different indications throughoutEurope, nonetheless, a common set of competences is re-quired. It was decided to identify and use these necessarycore competences as the basis for curriculum design.Each identified competence would then act as a learning131Received for publication January 31, 2007		&? #		 !" #  $  objective for the programme. In other words the trainingprogramme was more concerned with what a competenttrained colposcopist should be able to do rather than pro-ducing a list of things they need to know2.In 2001 a consensus exercise was done to identifywhat these essential core competencies were, using aconsultative technique called the Delphi technique, whichsought the views of a number of expert colposcopiststhroughout Europe3. In all, 28 participants from 21 coun-tries took part. The list of identified core competencieswas presented to the EFC at its scientific meeting inRhodes in 2001 and they were accepted as the basis fordesigning colposcopy-training programmes in each of themember societies. Already a number of societies (UK,Germany and Spain) have now incorporated this corecurriculum into their training programmes.Programme StructureIn addition to deciding what needs to be taught, someagreement is necessary on how the training should occur.In part, this concerns the structure of European col-poscopy training programmes and in 2004 a consensusagreement was been reached on what the recommenda-tions should be. It is recognised that training must in-volve actual colposcopic experience that is supervised bya trainer in a recognised centre. The trainer and the ex-perience received must meet certain standards in termsof workload and case-mix. It has been agreed that inEFC-recognised training programmes trainees would seea minimum of 100 patients, half of which should be newpresentations and at least a third should have confirmedhistological abnormality.Treatment StandardsIn conjunction with the work on training, in 2004EFC initiated a modified Delphi survey concerning treat-ment3. The term 'treatment’ encompasses a wide rangeof considerations but we initially focused solely on treat-ment itself. Identifying standards is an important initialstep in quality assurance which has again involved usinga modified Delphi survey. The agreed standards can thenbe used as the basis for audit of treatment throughoutEurope. It is possible that successful participation in thisaudit will be one of the criteria required for recognitionas a training centre.EducationSince 2006 the EFC has convened a number of educa-tional meetings and courses on colposcopy in order topromote the principles embedded in the training andtreatment initiatives. Courses were held in Italy (April2006 in Turin as part of the EBCOG conference) andGreece (June 2006 in Athens). This year, further coursesare planned in Croatia (April 2007 as part of the Interna-tional Workshop on Human Papillomavirus and Consen-sus Recommendations for Cervical Cancer Prevention &Colposcopy Training), Romania and Serbia. The educa-tional emphasis is on interactive teaching, focusing onimage recognition and case discussion.Where do We Go From Here?The work to date has started to lay down a foundationon which to build a quality assurance structure. There isnow an agreed core curriculum and training structureand quality standards for practise are now being devel-oped. These are early but important steps. So far thispartnership has been fruitful but continued success lar-gely depends on how far each member state is preparedto realise the shared objectives of the EFC. It is clear thatthe role of the EFC is to co-ordinate the activities of itsmember societies and its goals will only be realised by theachievements of those societies.R E F E R E N C E S1. EUROPEAN FEDERATION FOR COLPOSCOPY, Available from:www.e-f-c.org, accessed January 20, 2007. — 2. DUNN WR, HAMILTONDD, HARDEN RM, Medical Teacher 7 (1985) 15. — 3. REDMAN CW,DOLLERY E, JORDAN JA, J Obstet Gynaecol 24 (2004) 780.C.W.E. RedmanUHNS, Maternity Building, Ward 59, Newcastle Road, Stoke-on-Trent, UK ST4 6QGe-mail: charles.redman@uhns.nhs.ukC. Redman and J. Jordan: European Colposcopy, Coll. Antropol. 31 (2007) Suppl. 2: 131–133132		&? #		 !" #  $  KAKO DA EUROPSKA UDRUGA ZA KOLPOSKOPIJU PROMOVIRA VISOKO-KVALITETNUKOLPOSKOPIJU DILJEM EUROPE?S A @ E T A KOd samih po~etaka, u 1998. g., Europska udruga za kolposkopiju (EFC) obuhva}a 26 dru{tava ~lanova. Njezin klju~nicilj je promovirati visoko-kvalitetnu kolposkopiju diljem Europe s posebnim naglaskom na usavr{avanje, obrazovanju ilije~enja. Ovaj ~lanak sa`ima aktivnosti i postignute uspjehe EFC-e.C. Redman and J. Jordan: European Colposcopy, Coll. Antropol. 31 (2007) Suppl. 2: 131–133133		&? #		 !" #  $  