Gandini, Marco

Giusto, Gessica

English

Institutional Research Information System University of Turin

29HYPOTHESIS ON THE PATHOPHYSIOLOGY OF SMALLINTESTINAL STRANGULATION BY PEDUNCULATEDLIPOMAS1Gandini M., 2Freeman D. and 1Giusto G.1Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Turin,Grugliasco, Turin, Italy; and 2Island Whirl Equine ColicResearch Laboratory, Department of Large Animal ClinicalSciences, Univeristy of Florida, College of VeterinaryMedicine, Gainesville, Florida, USAEmail: marco.gandini@unito.itBackground: To explain the pathogenesis of pedunculatedlipoma strangulation, many authors stated that it movesaround a loop of intestine wrapping it with its stalk. Why thelipoma should move around the loops of intestine and why itthen became entangled is not explained, making thishypothesis not fully convincing.Objectives: To propose an explanation of strangulation bypedunculated lipomas that accounts for the many aspectsthis pathology involves.Methods: Analysis of the anatomical features of 11 cases oflipoma strangulation in horses.Results: We hypothesised that the stalk is tensioned by theweight of the lipoma or by the fact that the lipoma istrapped between portions of intestine. This produces a slit-likeaperture formed by the stalk and the mesentery. One (ormultiple) loop of intestine pass lateral to the stalk beforeturning into this aperture either because of lack of space inthe abdominal cavity or by effects of the peristalsis. Theweight of the intestine itself causes a ‘fall’ of the loop. Thiscauses a modification of the whole system similar to thatdone by a surgeon when making a half-hitch knot: the fallingof the loop cause a movement of the ‘post’ formed by thestalk of the lipoma that turns in a half-hitch that strangulatesthe loop of intestine.Conclusions: This hypothesis, as opposed to previouslyproposed ones, can explain strangulation by short and longstalk pedunculated lipomas, by lipomas of different weightsand shape and of multiple loops of bowel simultaneously.Ethical animal research: No ethical approval required.Source of funding: None.Competing interests: None.30ALTERATIONS IN THE FAECAL MICROBIOME ANDMETABOLOME OF HORSES WITH ANTIMICROBIALASSOCIATED DIARRHOEA COMPARED TO ANTIBIOTIC-TREATED AND NON-TREATED HEALTHY CASE CONTROLSArnold C.E., Pilla R., Chaffin M.K., Lidbury J.A., Steiner J.M. andSuchodolski J.S.The GI Laboratory, Texas A&M University, College Station,Texas, 77843-4475Email: Carnold@cvm.tamu.eduBackground: Diarrhoea is an adverse effect of antimicrobialtherapy in horses. The microbiome and metabolome ofhorses with antimicrobial associated diarrhoea (AAD) has notyet been described or compared to horses that did notdevelop diarrhoea on antibiotics.Objectives: The purpose of this project was to compare thefaecal microbiome and metabolome in three populations ofhorses: those receiving antimicrobial therapy that developeddiarrhoea (AAD), those on antibiotics that did not developdiarrhoea (ABX) and a healthy control population notexposed to antibiotics (CON). Horses were matched for dietand antimicrobial agent including dose, route ofadministration and duration.Methods: Illumina sequencing of 16S rRNA genes wasperformed and QIIME 2.0 was used to generate alpha andbeta diversity metrics. Untargeted metabolomics using GC-MS platforms was performed and data analysed usingMetaboanalyst 5.0.Results: Faecal samples were collected from horses with AAD(n = 17), ABX (n = 15) and CON (n = 31). ANOSIM analysis ofmicrobiome composition was significantly different in AADcompared to CON (R = 0.568, p = 0.001), but not to ABX(R = 0.121, p = 0.0012). AAD and ABX horses had significantlydecreased richness and evenness compared to CON horses(p < 0.05). AAD showed decreased abundance ofActinobacteria, Armatimonadetes, Fibrobacteres,Spirochaetes, Synergistetes, and TM7 and increasedabundance of Bacteroidetes compared to CON (p < 0.05).Only Verrucomicrobia was markedly decreased in AADcompared to ABX and CON horses (p < 0.05). Untargetedanalysis yielded a total of 1398 compounds including 127names metabolites. PCA plots indicated separation ofmetabolomic profiles between AAD and ABX, CON groupsSeven metabolites were found to be significantly differentbetween groups from the following pathways (p < 0.05):amino acid metabolism (L-tyrosine, kynurenic acid,xanthurenic acid, 5-hydroxyindole-3-acetic acid, N-acetyltyramine), lipid metabolism (docosahexaenoic acid)and biosynthesis of secondary metabolites (daidzein).Conclusions: Horses with AAD have a dysbiosis compared toCON horses, and show minor differences in bacterialcommunity composition compared to ABX horses. Metaboliteprofiles of horses on antimicrobials, especially those with AAD,are altered compared to CON horses.Ethical animal research: No ethical approval required.Source of funding: The Donley Family in memory of Alex andThe Paula and Michael Gaughan Fund.Competing interests: None.Diagnostics31THE VALUE OF TRANSABDOMINAL ULTRASOUND INHORSES THAT PRESENT WITH WEIGHT LOSS, RECURRENTBOUTS OF ABDOMINAL PAIN, PYREXIA OF UNKNOWNORIGIN AND CHRONIC DIARRHOEA1Hallowell G.D., 2Bates C., 3Peal, E, 3Bullard C., 3Telfer H.,4Housby-Skeggs N., 1Bailey J., 1Redpath A. and 1Bowen I.M.1School of Veterinary Medicine and Science, University ofNottingham, Nottingham, UK; 2Defence Animal TrainingRegiment, Melton Mowbray, UK; and 3Household CavalryMounted Regiment, Knightsbridge, UK; and 4The Horse Trust,Speen, UK© 2021 The Authors. Equine Veterinary Education © 2021 EVJ LtdAbstracts 19

HYPOTHESIS ON THE PATHOPHYSIOLOGY OF SMALL INTESTINAL STRANGULATION BY PEDUNCULATED LIPOMAS

https://iris.unito.it/bitstream/2318/1964494/1/Equine%20Veterinary%20Education%20-%202021%20-%20%20-%20HYPOTHESIS%20ON%20THE%20PATHOPHYSIOLOGY%20OF%20SMALL%20INTESTINAL%20STRANGULATION%20BY%20PEDUNCULATED.pdf

HYPOTHESIS ON THE PATHOPHYSIOLOGY OF SMALL INTESTINAL STRANGULATION BY PEDUNCULATED LIPOMAS

Abstract

Similar works

Full text

Available Versions

Institutional Research Information System University of Turin