Dam, Nico J.

Maes, Noud C.J.

Peters, M.E.E.

van Oijen, Jeroen A.

English

Pure OAI Repository

 Quantitative mixing measurements on high-pressure H2injections by Rayleigh scatteringCitation for published version (APA):Peters, M. E. E., Maes, N. C. J., Dam, N. J., & van Oijen, J. A. (2024). Quantitative mixing measurements onhigh-pressure H2 injections by Rayleigh scattering. Poster session presented at International CombustionInstitute Summer School 2024, Darmstadt, Germany.Document status and date:Published: 11/06/2024Please check the document version of this publication:• A submitted manuscript is the version of the article upon submission and before peer-review. There can beimportant differences between the submitted version and the official published version of record. Peopleinterested in the research are advised to contact the author for the final version of the publication, or visit theDOI to the publisher's website.• The final author version and the galley proof are versions of the publication after peer review.• The final published version features the final layout of the paper including the volume, issue and pagenumbers.Link to publicationGeneral rightsCopyright and moral rights for the publications made accessible in the public portal are retained by the authors and/or other copyright ownersand it is a condition of accessing publications that users recognise and abide by the legal requirements associated with these rights.            • Users may download and print one copy of any publication from the public portal for the purpose of private study or research.            • You may not further distribute the material or use it for any profit-making activity or commercial gain            • You may freely distribute the URL identifying the publication in the public portal.If the publication is distributed under the terms of Article 25fa of the Dutch Copyright Act, indicated by the “Taverne” license above, pleasefollow below link for the End User Agreement:www.tue.nl/taverneTake down policyIf you believe that this document breaches copyright please contact us at:openaccess@tue.nlproviding details and we will investigate your claim.Download date: 07. Jul. 2024Axial RadialQuantification & Post-processing*E-mail: m.e.e.peters@tue.nlThe Argon Power CycleWith most renewable energy sources being intermittently available, usingH2 as an energy carrier could fill the demand gaps. Thermal engines are asuitable technology for recovering the energy stored in H2, given that theyare more economic, robust, and more easily scalable than fuel cells. Whilemajor drawbacks are lower efficiency and high NOx emissions, these can besolved by an Argon Power Cycle (Figure 1). Using argon as a working fluid,the efficiency could increase by 25% at the same compression ratio, whilepreventing NOx emissions. This, however, rises the challenge: how to injectH2 and O2 in an argon engine to have efficient and controlled combustion?Figure 1. The Argon Power Cycle (APC) concept.Experimental setupTo investigate H2 injections, a modified GDI injector (Bosch HDEV 1.2, 0.55mm straight hole) is used in a high-pressure constant-volume vessel atroom temperature.• 100-bar H2 injection (10 ms, ~9 mg) into N2 or Ar (0.03 – 40 bar).• A frequency-doubled Nd:YAG at 532 nm for optimized scattering signalversus collection system efficiency.• Pixis BR1024 backlit CCD camera equipped with a 50-mm f/1.2 lens anda 532-nm 3nm FWHM filter to ensure Rayleigh signal.• Almost all contaminations are blocked by 0.5-μm inline filters andreflections are remedied by AR coated slits & soot coating of surfaces.Acknowledgement: This work is part of the research program: “The Argon Power Cycle” with project number 17868, which is partly financed by the Dutch Research Counsel (NWO). Figure 3: The left panel shows the TU/e constant-volume vessel using Rayleigh scattering, a 100-bar hydrogen jet is injected into a 10-bar argon ambient. The right panel show the laser sheet formation through the optical setup, a half wave plate, a long focal lens that thins the laser sheet inside the setup and a Galilean beam expander to create a 50 mm tall sheet.𝑋𝑓 =𝐼𝑅,𝑗𝐼𝑅,𝑎⋅𝑁𝑎,0𝑁𝑚𝑖𝑥⋅ −1𝜎𝑓𝜎𝑎− 1Both ambient and fuel scatter inside asingle shot.𝐼𝑅,𝑗𝐼𝑅,𝑎=𝑁𝑚𝑖𝑥𝑋𝑓𝜎𝑓𝜎𝑎+ (1 − 𝑋𝑓)𝑁𝑎,0Rayleigh cross section 𝜎𝑖 [10−27𝑐𝑚2] at 532 nm.𝑁2 𝐴𝑟 𝐻2 𝑛 − ℎ𝑒𝑝𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑒5.23 4.56 1.13 309.8Ewan & Moody [1986]  𝑁𝑎,0𝑁𝑚𝑖𝑥=1 outside of shock barrel & Mach disk. Jet evolutionFigure 6: The axial time evolution of the ensemble average 𝐗𝐇𝟐 show quasi-steady (Q-S) behavior regarding the hydrogen mole fraction.Figure 7: The radial profiles of the Q-S (averaged over 0.5-2.0 ms) 𝐗𝐇𝟐 show self-similar behavior between 2, 10 and 25 mm (axially) from the nozzle.Figure 5: The left panels show single-shot images at different timings after start of injection, the middle panels show an ensemble average over multiple single shots, while the right panels show the standard deviation between the single shots. Even when there are hardly any particles in the single shots and with suitable corrections, the particles are still evident.0.4 ms0.9 ms2.0 msSTD of 20Average of 20Figure 4: Post-processing of the 100-bar 𝐇𝟐 jet into 10-bar argon ambient at 1.0 ms aSOI. The left panel shows the evaluated jet boundary, while the middle panels shows how 𝑰𝑹,𝒂 including beam steering correction is generated through 1-D row interpolation. The right panel shows the resulting mole fraction field 𝐗𝐇𝟐. 1-D interpolation for beam steeringLaser sheet distributionMax Peters*, Noud Maes, Nico Dam, and Jeroen van OijenPower & Flow, Mechanical Engineering, Eindhoven University of TechnologyQuantitative mixing measurements on high-pressure 𝐇𝟐 injections by Rayleigh scattering

Quantitative mixing measurements on high-pressure H2 injections by Rayleigh scattering

https://pure.tue.nl/ws/files/331716658/APC_MEEPeters_poster_darmstadtV3.pdf

Quantitative mixing measurements on high-pressure H2 injections by Rayleigh scattering

Abstract

Similar works

Full text

Available Versions

Pure OAI Repository