Gwang Ha Kim

Seunghyun Hong

Clinical Endoscopy

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Aortoduodenal fistula bleeding caused by an aortic stent graft Seunghyun Hong, Gwang Ha Kim Department of Internal Medicine, Pusan National University School of Medicine and Biomedical Research Institute, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan, Korea  IMAGE OF ISSUEClin Endosc 2024;57:407-408https://doi.org/10.5946/ce.2023.281pISSN: 2234-2400 • eISSN: 2234-2443Received: November 4, 2023  Revised: November 29, 2023   Accepted: November 30, 2023 Correspondence: Gwang Ha Kim Department of Internal Medicine, Pusan National University School of Medicine and Biomedical Research Institute, Pusan National University Hospital, 179 Gudeok-ro, Seo-gu, Busan 49241, Korea E-mail: doc0224@pusan.ac.kr Open AccessA 65-year-old female visited the emergency room due to sud-den hematemesis and hematochezia. One year earlier, the pa-tient underwent endovascular implantation of an aorto-bi-iliac bifurcation stent graft for a fusiform infrarenal aortic aneurysm that extended to the left common iliac artery. At the time of presentation, her blood pressure and heart rate were 70/40 mmHg and 105 beats/min, respectively. Laboratory findings showed a white blood cell count of 13,000/μL, hemoglobin level of 8.0 g/dL, and platelet count of 405,000/μL. Emergent endoscopy identified a foreign material (an aortic stent graft) with vascular pulsation in the third part of the duodenum (Fig. 1). Abdominal computed tomography revealed increased fat stranding around the aorta, which is indicative of inflamma-tion, and a loss of the fat plane between the duodenum and aorta (Fig. 2). Therefore, the cause of bleeding was diagnosed as an aortoduodenal fistula caused by the previously placed aortic stent graft. The patient underwent primary closure of the du-odenal perforation and omental wrapping and was discharged without any complications. However, the patient passed away 31 months later due to recurrence of the aortoduodenal fistula. Aortoenteric fistula can occur secondary to aortic reconstruc-Fig. 1. Upper gastrointestinal endoscopy reveals a foreign material (an aortic stent graft) and blood clot with vascular pulsation (asterisk) in the third part of the duodenum.tion procedures1 and can develop anywhere in the gastrointesti-nal tract adjacent to the aorta; however, it is most frequently ob-served in the third part of the duodenum, which is anchored in the retroperitoneal space and positioned directly anterior to the aorta. The location of the duodenum in close proximity to the aorta makes it susceptible to fistula formation due to the con-stant transmission of pulsatile forces from the aorta.2 Therefore, aortoduodenal fistula should be considered a potential cause of hematemesis or hematochezia in patients with a history of aor-tic stent graft.3 *    This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.407© 2024 Korean Society of Gastrointestinal EndoscopyConflicts of Interest Gwang Ha Kim is currently serving as a deputy editor for Clinical Endoscopy; however, he was not involved in the peer reviewer selection, evaluation, or decision process of this article. Seun-ghyun Hong has no potential conflicts of interest.Funding  None. Author Contributions Conceptualization: GHK; Data curation: SH, GHK; Investigation: GHK; Methodology: SH; Writing–original draft: SH; Writing– re-view & editing: all authors. Fig. 2. Abdominal computed tomography reveals increased fat stranding around the aorta, which is indicative of inflammation, and a loss of the fat plane between the duodenum and aorta (arrows). (A) Pre-enhanced phase. (B) Arterial phase.ORCID Seunghyun Hong https://orcid.org/0009-0002-3982-8916 Gwang Ha Kim https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9721-5734 REFERENCES 1.  Kim BY, Kim KB. Primary aortoduodenal fistula causes massive me-lena: a case report. Korean J Gastroenterol 2021;77:132–135. 2.  Janne d'Othée B, Soula P, Otal P, et al. Aortoduodenal fistula after en-dovascular stent-graft of an abdominal aortic aneurysm. J Vasc Surg 2000;31:190–195. 3.  Kim SE, Kim HJ, Koh M, et al. A practical approach for small bowel bleeding. Clin Endosc 2023;56:283–289.  A B408

Aortoduodenal fistula bleeding caused by an aortic stent graft

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Aortoduodenal fistula bleeding caused by an aortic stent graft

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