Implementasi Mesin Pengeruk Isi Buah Markisa berbasis Mikrokontroler dan Elektro Pneumatik

Abstract

Passion fruit has a distinctive sweet and sour taste, which is quite popular in Indonesia, especially in South Sulawesi. Passion fruit is processed into syrup, and dodol is one of the typical souvenirs popular with tourists. Processing passion fruit syrup in the Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) Industry still uses very simple equipment. Hence, the quality and quantity of the product produced are not optimal. Passion fruit cutting uses a knife with a low capacity for cutting and shrinkage results, so this research aims to design a passion fruit-filled shaver machine based on a microcontroller and electro-pneumatics. This passion fruit shaver machine uses a microcontroller as the control center. First, the passion fruit passes through an infrared sensor, which detects the fruit and counts the number of incoming fruits. After that, Arduino Uno reads and activates the control relay from the DC motor. After 0.5 seconds, cylinder 1 is active, which pushes the DC motor down so that the passion fruit shrinks for 3 seconds. Then, the pneumatic push up to the normal position; after 0.5 seconds, the second cylinder actively pushes the passion fruit skin that has been shaved out (thrown away). This processes for 1 second and returns to its normal position. If there is passion fruit, it comes in again, and the tool functions similarly, and so on. The results of this study produced a passion fruit shrinker machine with dimensions of length 300 mm x width 300 mm x height 600 mm, a motor power of 240 Watt or 0.321 HP, and a production capacity of 54 kg/hour.Buah Markisa mempunyai rasa khas asam manis yang populer di Indonesia, terutama Sulawesi Selatan. Buah Markisa diolah menjadi sirup dan dodol merupakan oleh-oleh yang disukai wisatawan. Proses pengolahan sirup markisa pada Industri UMKM masih menggunakan peralatan sederhana, sehingga kualitas dan kuantitas produk yang dihasilkan tidak maksimal. Pemotongan buah markisa menggunakan pisau dengan kapasitas hasil pemotongan dan pengerukan masih rendah sehingga tujuan penelitian ini merancang mesin pengeruk isi buah markisa berbasis mikrokontroler dan elektro pneumatik. Mesin ini menggunakan mikrokontroler sebagai pusat pengendali. Pertama markisa melewati sensor infrared yang berfungsi untuk mendeteksi buah dan menghitung jumlah buah masuk, setelah itu Mikrokontroler membaca dan mengaktifkan relay kontrol dari motor DC, selang 0,5 detik silinder 1 aktif mendorong ke bawah Motor DC sehingga markisa terserut selama 3 detik, lalu pneumatik mendorong ke atas ke posisi normal, selang 0,5 detik silinder 2 aktif mendorong kulit markisa yang telah diserut keluar (terbuang), berproses selama 1 detik dan kembali posisi normal, jika ada markisa masuk lagi alat berfungsi kembali dan begitu seterusnya. Hasil penelitian menghasilkan mesin pengeruk buah markisa yang berdimensi panjang 300 mm x lebar 300 mm x tinggi 600 mm dan daya motor 240 watt atau 0.321 HP, serta kapasitas produksi 54 kg/jam