Dijkstra, Mindert

García Blanco, Sonia Maria

Martinussen, Simen Mikalsen

Sefünç, Mustafa

van Emmerik, Carlijn Iris

English

University of Twente Research Information

RENOS:Rare Earth Doped Novel On-Chip SourcesC.I. van Emmerik, S. M. Martinussen, M. Sefunc, M. Dijkstra, S.M. García-BlancoOptical Sciences group, MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology, University of TwenteP.O. 217, 7500 AE Enschede, The Netherlandsc.i.vanemmerik@utwente.nl, s.m.martinussen@utwente.nlObjectiveMain goal of the RENOS project is to develop a compact, low cost, power efficient tunable laser and frequency combs spanning large bandwiths, exhibiting excellent output beam characteristics.Those sources will be beneficial for applications in optical sensing, spectroscopy, metrology and telecommunications.MaterialMonoclinic rare-earth-doped potassium double tungstate (Re:KY(WO )  or shortly KYW) will be used as host material 4 2because:Ÿ High refractive indexŸ Relatively high non-linear coefficientŸ Allows high dopant concentrationsŸ High absorption and emission cross sections for rare earth ions doped in this host materialDue to those characteristics it will be possible to obtain:Ÿ High-Q ring resonatorsŸ Low threshold four-wave mixingŸ Low threshold stimulated Raman scatteringleft) Orientation of the crystallographic axes of undoped KYW. Two different choices of lattice vectors are indicated, neither of which line up with the axes of the indicatrix [1].right) SEM image of a 20% Er:KYW waveguide (single mode) that is produced in the Optical Sciences goup. The KYW rib waveguide is flip-chip bonded with NOA81 (Norland Optical Adhesive) on a silicon oxide substrate.SimulationSimulations of the cross-section of the waveguide are made with the software Lumerical MODE solutions to find the parameters such that the structure is single mode. The parameters of the structure are shown in the figure below and listed in the table.Structure Size (μm)Wwg 1.60 - 2.40Hwg 1.55Hgap 1.20y o55Hslab ≥1.9HslabHwgWwgHgapyKYWNOASiO2n = 2.00n = 1.56n = 1.44NmNpNgleft) Simulation results (2D simulation) for the mentioned structure (Wwg = 2.4 μm).  The simulations are done at a wavelength of 1.55 μm.2Simulation window 40 x 12 μm  with a mesh 2of 80 x 80 nm  and a mesh override in the 2waveguide region with a grid of 40 x 40 nm .Real mode has:Ÿ Effective refractive index of mode ≥ effective refractive index of backgroundŸ Field is confined in simulation region. Future workEarlier numerical studies for a structure as shown below have shown that:Ÿ The anisotropy of KYW has no detrimental effect on the bend losses [2]Ÿ A metal layer can compensate for the losses in long-range dielectric-loaded surface plasmon-polariton waveguides [3]Ÿ A metal layer can reduce the bend losses for TE modes for bends with a radius ≤ 2.5 μm [4]We will investigate if those numerical results can be reproduced in reality.The height and width of the KYW ridge are 2800x800 nm , the adhesive BCB layer has a thickness of 100 nm and the Si N  buffer layer 3 4has a tickness of 350 nm.References:[1] D. Geskus, PhD-thesis, University of Twente 2011)[2] T. Dubbink et al., IEEE ICTON, pp. 1-4, (2013)[3] S.M. Garcίa-Blanco et al., Opt. Express, 19 (25),       p25298-25310 (2011)[4] T. Dubbink, Bachelor thesis, University of Twente, (2012)SiO2NOAKYWAirKYWBCBSi N3 4SiO2Au

RENOS: Rare Earth Doped Novel On-Chip Sources

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