This paper synthesises the findings of, and distils lessons from a study which has sought to illuminate the process of bioscience innovation in three East African countries: Kenya, Tanzania and Uganda. More specifically, we attempt to trace specific efforts to foster biotechnology innovations in those countries and to determine in what ways and to what extent the innovation system in place impinges on the final outcome of those innovations. The paper concludes with a set of policy recommendations that may enhance bioscience innovations in East Africa