Forest plot of pooled estimated SMD using random effect model.

Abstract

The size of the x-axis shows the SMD estimate of the studies. Hard line indicates no difference (SMD = 0). In the pooled point calculation, the dotted line represents the mean difference. The black dot in the middle of the gray box reflects the SMD estimate of each sample’s point and the line shows the 95% CI of the estimates. The gray boxes represent each study weight that contributes to the estimation of the pooled mean difference. I-squared illustrates the heterogeneity between the included studies.</p