The Origin of the Sphaleron Dipole Moment

Abstract

By providing a suitable definition of the electromagnetic field off the Higgs vacuum, we show that within the sphaleron there is a monopole-antimonopole pair with quantized charges, and a loop of electromagnetic current. On integration of the relevant charges and currents over the interior in the limit of small $\Theta_W$, we recover the standard formula for the sphaleron dipole moment.Comment: 13pp Plain TeX, 2 ps figures in 2 files, self-unpacking uuencoded. (Tidied up, discussion of 't Hooft definition of electromagnetic charge, and 2 nice new figures showing charge and current distributions inside the sphaleron.