923 research outputs found

    ์‹ ๊ฐ„์†Œ๊ฐœ

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    1. ๋กœ์ปฌ ํžˆ์Šคํ† ๋ฆฌ/๊ธ€๋กœ๋ฒŒ ๋””์ž์ธ / ์›”ํ„ฐ D. ๋ฏธ๋‡ฐ๋กœ ์ง€์Œ, ์—์ฝ”๋ฆฌ๋ธŒ๋ฅด 2. ๋ผํ‹ด์•„๋ฉ”๋ฆฌ์นด ๋ฌธ์ œ์™€ ์ „๋ง / ์žฐ ๋‹ˆํผ์Šค ๋ธ”๋ž™ ์—ฎ์Œ, ์ด๋‹ด๋ถ์Šค ์ถœํŒ 3. ๋ผํ‹ด์•„๋ฉ”๋ฆฌ์นด์˜ ์ข…์กฑ์„ฑ๊ณผ ์‹ ์‚ฌํšŒ์šด๋™ / ์ฃผ์ข…ํƒ ์ง€์Œ, ํ•œ๊ตญํ•™์ˆ ์ •๋ณด ์ถœํŒ 4. ๋ด„์— ๋ถ€๋ฅด๋Š” ๊ฐ€์„ ๋…ธ๋ž˜ / ๋ฃจ๋ฒค ๋‹ค๋ฆฌ์˜ค ์ง€์Œ, ๊ธ€๋ˆ„๋ฆผ ์ถœํŒ 5. ํŒŒ๊พผ๋„ / ๋„๋ฐ๊ณ  ํŒŒ์šฐ์Šคํ‹ฐ๋…ธ ์‚ฌ๋ฅด๋ฏธ์—”๋˜ ์ง€์Œ, ์ด์นด๋„ท ์ถœํŒ 6. ์•„๋งˆ์กด โ€“ ์ •๋ณต๊ณผ ์ฐฉ์ทจ, ๊ฒฝ์™ธ์™€ ๊ณต์กด์˜ 5๋ฐฑ๋…„ / ์กด ํ—ค๋ฐ ์ง€์Œ, ๋ฏธ์ง€๋ถ์Šค ์ถœ

    ๋„์‹œ๋ฌธํ™”์‚ฐ์—…์˜ ์œก์„ฑ๋ฐฉ์•ˆ(Strategies for the culture industry of city)

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    ๋…ธํŠธ : ์ด ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ณด๊ณ ์„œ์˜ ๋‚ด์šฉ์€ ๊ตญํ† ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์›์˜ ์ž์ฒด ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ฌผ๋กœ์„œ ์ •๋ถ€์˜ ์ •์ฑ…์ด๋‚˜ ๊ฒฌํ•ด์™€๋Š” ์ƒ๊ด€์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค

    Cases of ethical violation in research publications: through editorial decision making process

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    Purpose โ€“ To improve and strengthen existing publication and research ethics, KODISA has identified and presented various cases which have violated publication and research ethics and principles in recent years. The editorial office of KODISA has been providing and continues to provide advice and feedback on publication ethics to researchers during peer review and editorial decision making process. Providing advice and feedback on publication ethics will ensure researchers to have an opportunity to correct their mistakes or make appropriate decisions and avoid any violations in research ethics. The purpose of this paper is to identify different cases of ethical violation in research and inform and educate researchers to avoid any violations in publication and research ethics. Furthermore, this article will demonstrate how KODISA journals identify and penalize ethical violations and strengthens its publication ethics and practices. Research design, data and methodology โ€“ This paper examines different types of ethical violation in publication and research ethics. The paper identifies and analyzes all ethical violations in research and combines them into five general categories. Those five general types of ethical violations are thoroughly examined and discussed. Results โ€“ Ethical violations of research occur in various forms at regular intervals; in other words, unethical researchers tend to commit different types of ethical violations repeatedly at same time. The five categories of ethical violation in research are as follows: (1) Arbitrary changes or additions in author(s) happen frequently in thesis/dissertation related publications. (2) Self plagiarism, submitting same work or mixture of previous works with or without using proper citations, also occurs frequently, but the most common type of plagiarism is changing the statistical results and using them to present as the results of the empirical analysis; (3) Translation plagiarism, another ethical violation in publication, is difficult to detect but occurs frequently; (4) Fabrication of data or statistical analysis also occurs frequently. KODISA requires authors to submit the results of the empirical analysis of the paper (the output of the statistical program) to prevent this type of ethical violation; (5) Mashup or aggregator plagiarism, submitting a mix of several different works with or without proper citations without alterations, is very difficult to detect, and KODISA journals consider this type of plagiarism as the worst ethical violation. Conclusions โ€“ There are some individual cases of ethical violation in research and publication that could not be included in the five categories presented throughout the paper. KODISA and its editorial office should continue to develop, revise, and strengthen their publication ethics, to learn and share different ways to detect any ethical violations in research and publication, to train and educate its editorial members and researchers, and to analyze and share different cases of ethical violations with the scholarly community

    ์ง€์—ญ๊ฐ„ ํˆฌ์ž…์‚ฐ์ถœ๋ถ„์„ ๋ชจํ˜•๊ฐœ๋ฐœ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ(I)(Development of Regional Input -Output Analysis Model(I))

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    ๋…ธํŠธ : ์ด ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ณด๊ณ ์„œ์˜ ๋‚ด์šฉ์€ ๊ตญํ† ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์›์˜ ์ž์ฒด ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ฌผ๋กœ์„œ ์ •๋ถ€์˜ ์ •์ฑ…์ด๋‚˜ ๊ฒฌํ•ด์™€๋Š” ์ƒ๊ด€์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค

    Pseudo-Journals and Pseudo-Conferences: the Characteristics and Preventive Measures

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    This article explains the relationship between open-access publications and pseudo-journals, and explores their characteristics including predatory journals and journal hijackers. Pseudo-journals and pseudo-conferences cause the disruption of academic development by spreading low quality information as well as the violation of research ethics by abusing research funds. Finally, preventive measures are described from the perspective of journal authors/researchers, institutions/funding organizations, and journal editors.ope

    ์ผ๋ณธ์˜ ์ƒน๊นŒ๋ผ ์ฒ ํ•™ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ

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    ใ€Žํ•˜๋ฉœ ๋ณด๊ณ ์„œใ€์˜ ํŽธ์ง‘๋””์ž์ธ : ๋‹ค๋ฅด๊ฒŒ ์ฝ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์ œ์•ˆํ•˜๋Š” ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์˜ ์‹œ๊ฐ์  ํ˜•์‹์— ๊ด€ํ•˜์—ฌ

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    ํ•™์œ„๋…ผ๋ฌธ (๋ฐ•์‚ฌ)-- ์„œ์šธ๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต ๋Œ€ํ•™์› ๋ฏธ์ˆ ๋Œ€ํ•™ ๋””์ž์ธํ•™๋ถ€, 2017. 8. ๋ฐฑ๋ช…์ง„.๊ตญ๋ฌธ ์ดˆ๋ก ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์—๊ฒŒ ์ฑ…์€ ์•„์ง๋„ ์ฝ์„ ๋งŒํ•œ ์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ ๋‹ด๋Š” ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ต์ˆ™ํ•œ ํ˜•์‹์ด๋‹ค. ์ง€๊ธˆ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ํ”ํžˆ ๋ณด๋Š” ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€ ์ œ์‹œ ๊ธฐ๋ฒ•๋“ค์€ ๊ฐ๊ธฐ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์“ฐ๊ธฐ ๊ธฐ์ˆ ๊ณผ ๋…์„œ ๊ด€์Šต, ๋…์„œ ๋ชฉ์ ์œผ๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๊ธฐ์ธํ–ˆ๊ณ , ์˜ค๋žœ ์‹œ๊ฐ„ ์ธ์‡„ ๋ฌธํ™”์˜ ์„ฑ์žฅ๊ณผ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์ผ์ข…์˜ ์žฅ๋ฅด์  ํŒจํ„ด์ด๋‚˜ ์•”๋ฌต์  ์‚ฌ์ธ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ๋กœ ์ž‘๋™ํ•œ๋‹ค. ๋…์ž๋“ค์€ ์ด์ œ ์‹œ๊ฐ์ ์œผ๋กœ ํŽธ์ง‘๋œ ์ƒํƒœ๋ฅผ ๋ณด๊ณ  ๊ทธ ๋‚ด์šฉ์ด ์˜๋ฏธํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ”์˜ ์‹ค๋งˆ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์–ป๋Š”๋‹ค. ๊ธ€์˜ ์žฅ๋ฅด์™€ ๊ฒฐ๋ถ€๋˜๊ณ  ์ผ๋ฐ˜ํ™”๋œ ์‹œ๊ฐ์ ์ธ ํ˜•์‹๋“ค์€, ๋””์ž์ธ์˜ ํŽธ๋ฆฌํ•œ ํ•ด๊ฒฐ์ฑ…์ด ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ, ๊ณ„์†ํ•ด์„œ ๋ณ€ํ™”ํ•˜๋Š” ๋…์ž๋“ค์˜ ์š”๊ตฌ์™€ ์ถœํŒ ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์˜ ๋ณ€ํ™”๋ฅผ ๋ณด์ง€ ๋ชปํ•˜๊ณ , ํ‘œ๋ฉด์  ์Šคํƒ€์ผ๊ณผ ํƒ€์ดํฌ๊ทธ๋ž˜ํ”ผ์˜ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์  ๋ฌธ์ œ์— ๋งค๋ชฐ๋˜๊ฒŒ ํ•  ์šฐ๋ ค๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์ž๋Š” ์ด๊ฐ™์€ ๋ฐฐ๊ฒฝ์—์„œ ์ฝ๊ธฐ์˜ ์—ญ์‚ฌ, ์ฑ…์˜ ์—ญ์‚ฌ๋กœ ๋ˆˆ์„ ๋Œ๋ ธ๋‹ค. ์ฑ…์˜ ์‹œ๊ฐ์  ํ˜•์‹๋“ค์ด ์• ์ดˆ์— ์–ด๋–ค ๋ชฉ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด์ง„ ๊ฒƒ์ธ์ง€, ๋…์ž, ์ €์ž, ์ถœํŒ๊ณ„์˜ ์ƒํ˜ธ ์ž‘์šฉ์€ ์–ด๋–ค ๋ฐฉ์‹์œผ๋กœ ์ฑ…์˜ ํ˜•์‹์— ๊ฐœ์ž…ํ–ˆ๋Š”์ง€, ํ˜น์€ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์ด ์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ๋ฐฉ์‹์œผ๋กœ ๋ณ€์šฉ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€๋ฅผ ํ™•์ธํ•˜๊ณ ์ž ํ–ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ด๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ๋‹ค์‹œ๊ธˆ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ค‘์š”ํ•˜๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋ณธ ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ฝ๊ธฐ ๋ฐฉ์‹์ด๋‹ค. ์ฑ…์€ ๊ณ ์ •๋œ ๊ธ€์“ฐ๊ธฐ ๊ธฐ์ˆ ๊ณผ ๊ธฐ๋ก์˜ ํ˜•์‹์ด์–ด์„œ ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ์ฝ๊ธฐ ๋ฐฉ์‹์„ ๊ทœ์ •ํ•ด ์˜จ ๊ฒƒ์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ, ๋…์ž๋“ค์˜ ์ฝ๊ธฐ ๊ด€ํ–‰๊ณผ ์ฑ…์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ด€๋…, ๊ธฐ๋Œ€๊ฐ€ ์ฑ…์˜ ํ˜•์‹์„ ๋ฐ”๊พธ์–ด ์˜จ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ด ๋…ผ๋ฌธ์—์„œ๋Š”, ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์ฝ๊ธฐ ๋ฐฉ์‹์˜ ์ฐจ์ด๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์ฑ…์˜ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ ํ‹€๊ณผ ์ง€๋ฉด ์ œ์‹œ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ์ฐพ๋Š” ์ž‘ํ’ˆ์„ ์—ฐ๊ตฌํ•˜๊ณ ์ž ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ž‘ํ’ˆ์˜ ์†Œ์žฌ์ธ ํ•˜๋ฉœ ๋ณด๊ณ ์„œ๋Š” ๊ตญ๋‚ด์— ์ž˜ ์•Œ๋ ค์ง„ ๋ชจํ—˜ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๋กœ, ์›๋ž˜๋Š” 17์„ธ๊ธฐ์˜ ํ•ญํ•ด ๋ณด๊ณ ์„œ์ง€๋งŒ ์ง€๊ธˆ๊นŒ์ง€ ๋ชจํ—˜๊ธฐ, ์†Œ์„ค, ์—ญ์‚ฌ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์„œ๋กœ ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์ถœ๊ฐ„๋˜์–ด ์˜จ ๋…ํŠนํ•œ ๋‚ด๋ ฅ์˜ ํ…์ŠคํŠธ๋‹ค. ์ด ์†Œ์žฌ๋ฅผ ์„ ํƒํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์€, ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์ž๊ฐ€ ๊ธ€, ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ฑ…์ด๋ผ๋Š” ํ˜•์‹์˜ ์ •ํ™•์„ฑ, ๊ถŒ์œ„์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ๋ณดํŽธ์  ๊ด€๋…๋ณด๋‹ค๋Š” ์˜ค๋ฅ˜, ๋˜๋Š” ์œ ์—ฐํ•œ ๋ณ€ํ˜•์— ๋” ํฅ๋ฏธ๋ฅผ ๋Š๋ผ๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ด๋ฉฐ, ๊ธ€์ด ๊ธธ์ง€ ์•Š์•„ ์ž‘ํ’ˆ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์— ์šฉ์ดํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ๋„ ๊ด€๋ จ ์ž๋ฃŒ๊ฐ€ ์ถฉ๋ถ„ํ–ˆ๊ณ , ๋˜ ๊ทผ๋Œ€ ์„œ์–‘์ธ์˜ ํ•œ๊ตญ ์ด๋ฏธ์ง€ ํ˜•์„ฑ์— ํฐ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์นœ ์ฑ…์œผ๋กœ์„œ ๊ทธ ์—ญ์‚ฌ์ ์ธ ๋ฐฐ๊ฒฝ์ด ๋งค์šฐ ํฅ๋ฏธ๋กœ์™”๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ด๋‹ค. ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š”, ๋จผ์ € ์ฑ…์˜ ์—ญ์‚ฌ์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ๋ฌธํ—Œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์™€ ๋™์‹œ์— ํ”ฝ์…˜๊ณผ ๋…ผํ”ฝ์…˜ ๋ฒ„์ „์˜ ํ•˜๋ฉœ ๋ณด๊ณ ์„œ 1์ฐจ ํŽธ์ง‘๋””์ž์ธ์„ ์‹œ์ž‘์œผ๋กœ ๋‘ ์—๋””์…˜์˜ ์„ธ๋ถ„ํ™”๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ๊ฐ๊ฐ์˜ ์ฝ๊ธฐ ๋ฐฉ์‹์˜ ์ฐจ์ด๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด๋‚ด๋Š” ์ˆœ์„œ๋กœ ์ง„ํ–‰ํ–ˆ๋‹ค. ํ”ฝ์…˜๊ณผ ๋…ผํ”ฝ์…˜์€ ๊ธ€์˜ ๊ธฐ๋ณธ์ ์ธ ์žฅ๋ฅด์  ๊ตฌ๋ถ„์œผ๋กœ, ํŽธ์ง‘๋””์ž์ธ์˜ ์‹œ๊ฐ์  ํ˜•์‹์˜ ๋ฉด์—์„œ๋„ ๋ฐ˜๋Œ€๋˜๋Š” ํŠน์ง•์ด ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚˜๋ฉฐ, ๊ฐ๊ฐ์€ ๊ฐœ์ธ์ ์ด๊ณ  ์ •์„œ์ ์ธ ์ฝ๊ธฐ์™€ ์ „๋ฌธ์ ์ด๊ณ  ํ•™๋ฌธ์  ์ฝ๊ธฐ ๋ฐฉ์‹๊ณผ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐ๋œ๋‹ค. ์ฑ…์˜ ์—ญ์‚ฌ์— ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚œ ์ฝ๊ธฐ ๋ฐฉ์‹๊ณผ ์‹œ๊ฐ ํ˜•์‹์˜ ๋ณ€ํ™”๋ฅผ ๋ณด๋ฉด, ๊ธ€์„ ์“ฐ๊ณ , ์ฑ…์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด ์ „๋‹ฌํ•˜๋Š” ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ณผ์ •์—์„œ, ์ €์ž์˜ ์˜๋„๋Œ€๋กœ ์ฝ๋„๋ก ๊ธ€์˜ ์˜๋ฏธ๋ฅผ ๋ถ„๋ช…ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๊ณ  ํŠน์ • ๊ด€์‹ฌ์‚ฌ์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๋‚ด์šฉ์„ ๊ตฌ์„ฑํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ๊ธฐ๋ณธ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋‹จ์œ„์™€ ๊ด€๋ จ์ด ์žˆ์Œ์„ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๋„์–ด์“ฐ๊ธฐ, ์ฆ‰ ๋‹จ์–ด๋ผ๋Š” ๋‹จ์œ„๋ฅผ ๊ตฌ๋ถ„ํ•ด์ฃผ๊ณ , ์ œ๋ชฉ๊ณผ ๋ณธ๋ฌธ, ๋‹จ๋ฝ๊ณผ ์žฅ ๋“ฑ์œผ๋กœ ๊ธ€์„ ๊ตฌ์กฐํ™”ํ•˜๊ณ  ์ด๋ฅผ ๋“œ๋Ÿฌ๋‚ด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€, ๊ธ€์˜ ์‹œ๊ฐ์  ๋ฒˆ์—ญ์˜ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ด๋‹ค. ํ•˜๋ฉœ ๋ณด๊ณ ์„œ์˜ 2์ฐจ ํŽธ์ง‘์—์„œ๋Š”, ์—๋””์…˜์˜ ์„ธ๋ถ„ํ™” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์œผ๋กœ 1)๋‹จ์œ„์˜ ์กฐ์ •, 2)๊ฐ•์กฐ์™€ ์••์ถ•, 3)๊ด€๋ จ ๊ธ€๊ณผ ์ž๋ฃŒ์˜ ์ œ๊ณต์ด๋ผ๋Š” ์„ธ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ์„ค์ •ํ•˜๊ณ  ํ”ฝ์…˜๊ณผ ๋…ผํ”ฝ์…˜์˜ ์ž‘ํ’ˆ์„ ์กฐ๊ธˆ์”ฉ ๋ณ€ํ˜•ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ์ ์šฉํ–ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Ÿฐ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•๋“ค์€ ์ฝ๋Š” ์†๋„์™€ ๋ชฐ์ž…์˜ ๋ฌธ์ œ, ๊ธ€์˜ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐ์„ฑ, ๋‚ด์šฉ์˜ ๋‚œ์ด๋„, ์ „๋ฌธ์„ฑ์— ์ฐจ์ด๋ฅผ ์ฃผ๋ฉฐ ๋‹จ๊ณ„์ ยท์„ ํƒ์  ์ฝ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋น„๋กฏํ•œ ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ์ฝ๊ธฐ์˜ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์„ ์ œ๊ณตํ•จ์œผ๋กœ์จ ์ฝ๊ธฐ์— ์ ๊ทน์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐœ์ž…ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก ํ•ด์ค€๋‹ค. ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๊ณผ์ •์—์„œ, ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์ž๋Š” ํ•˜๋ฉœ ๋ณด๊ณ ์„œ์˜ ์›๊ณ  ํ‘œ๊ธฐ๋ฒ•์œผ๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๋‚ด์šฉ์˜ ์ˆœ์„œ์™€ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ๊นŒ์ง€๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๊พธ์—ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ, ํŠน์ • ์ฃผ์ œ, ํŠน์ • ์ฝ๊ธฐ ๋ฐฉ์‹์„ ์œ ๋„ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๊ด€๋ก€์ ์œผ๋กœ๋Š” ํŽธ์ง‘์ž์˜ ์—ญํ• ์— ์˜์กดํ•˜๋˜ ์˜์—ญ์— ์ ๊ทน์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐœ์ž…ํ•œ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์ •๋„์˜ ์ฐจ์ด๋Š” ์žˆ์œผ๋‚˜ ๋ชจ๋‘ ์ง์ ‘์ ์ธ ์˜๋ฏธ์˜ ๋ฒˆ์—ญ์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ด์—ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด ์™ธ์— ๊ธ€์˜ ๋‚ด์šฉ๊ณผ ์ง์ ‘ ๊ด€๋ จ์€ ์—†์œผ๋‚˜ ๊ธ€์˜ ์‚ฌํšŒ, ๋ฌธํ™”์ ์ธ ์ƒํ™ฉ์„ ์•”์‹œํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์€์œ ํ•˜๋Š” ์‹œ๊ฐ์ ์ธ ์š”์†Œ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ธ€์˜ ๋ฐฐ๊ฒฝ์˜ ๋ฒˆ์—ญ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์ตœ์ข… ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฌผ๋กœ๋Š”, ํ•˜๋ฉœ ๋‹น๋Œ€์˜ ์กฐ์„ , ์ฆ‰ ์ด๋ฐฉ์ธ์˜ ๋ˆˆ์œผ๋กœ ๋ณธ 17์„ธ๊ธฐ ์กฐ์„ ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ์ฃผ์ œ์˜ ํŽธ์ง‘๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์— ์ค‘์ ์„ ๋‘์–ด ๋ฐœ์ „์‹œ์ผฐ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์ „์ฒด ๊ณผ์ •์—์„œ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด์ง„ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€ ํŽธ์ง‘๋ฌผ๋“ค์„ ๊ฐ๊ฐ์˜ ์ฑ…์œผ๋กœ ์™„์„ฑํ•˜์—ฌ ์ œ์‹œํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ฒ˜์Œ ์„ค์ •ํ•œ ํ”ฝ์…˜๊ณผ ๋…ผํ”ฝ์…˜์˜ ์žฅ๋ฅด์  ๊ตฌ๋ถ„์€, ์„ธ๋ถ„ํ™”๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ๊ฒฝ๊ณ„๊ฐ€ ์ ์ฐจ ๋ชจํ˜ธํ•ด์ ธ ๊ฐ”์œผ๋ฉฐ, ๋‚˜์ค‘์—๋Š” ์˜๋„์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ด๋ฅผ ๋’ค์„ž๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์ „๋„์‹œํ‚ค๋ฉด์„œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์ž๊ฐ€ ์˜๋„ํ•œ ์ฝ๊ธฐ ๋ฐฉ์‹์„ ์ถ•์œผ๋กœ ํ•œ ์ž‘ํ’ˆ ์ „๊ฐœ์— ๋” ๊นŒ๊ฐ€์›Œ ์ง์„ ํ™•์ธํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค. ํŽธ์ง‘๋””์ž์ธ์—์„œ ์ฝ๊ธฐ ๋ฐฉ์‹๊ณผ ๊ทธ์— ๋ถ€ํ•ฉํ•˜๋Š” ์‹œ๊ฐ์  ํ˜•์‹์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๋…ผ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ•์กฐํ•˜์—ฌ๋„ ๋…์ž์˜ ์ž์˜์ ์ด๊ณ  ์ž์œ ๋กœ์šด ์ฝ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ํ†ต์ œํ•  ์ˆ˜๋Š” ์—†๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ๋ณด๋‹ค ๋ช…ํ™•ํ•œ ์˜๋ฏธ ์ „๋‹ฌ์„ ๋•๊ณ , ํŠน์ •ํ•œ ๊ตฌ์กฐ์™€ ํ๋ฆ„์œผ๋กœ ์ฝ๊ณ  ์ดํ•ดํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋ฉฐ, ๋…์„œ๋ฅผ ๋”์šฑ ํ’์š”๋กœ์šด ๊ฒฝํ—˜์ด ๋˜๋„๋ก ์œ ๋„ํ•  ์ˆ˜๋Š” ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ, ์ฝ๊ธฐ์— ๋‹ค์‹œ๊ธˆ ์ฃผ๋ชฉํ•จ์œผ๋กœ์จ ์žฅ๋ฅด์ ์ธ ๊ทœ๋ฒ”์ด๋‚˜ ์Šคํƒ€์ผ์˜ ๋™์–ด๋ฐ˜๋ณต์  ์ ์šฉ์„ ํ”ผํ•œ ๋””์ž์ธ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•๋ก ์„ ์ฐพ๊ณ , ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ๋…์ž์™€ ์ถœํŒ ์‹œ์žฅ์— ๋Œ€์‘ํ•  ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์„ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ค€๋‹ค๋Š” ์ ์—์„œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ์˜์˜๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•˜๊ฒ ๋‹ค.1. ์„œ๋ก  1. 1. ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๋ฐฐ๊ฒฝ๊ณผ ๋ชฉ์ โ€‚_โ€‚12 1. 2. ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๋ฒ”์œ„์™€ ๊ณผ์ •โ€‚_โ€‚15 2. ์ปค๋ฎค๋‹ˆ์ผ€์ด์…˜ ๋„๊ตฌ๋กœ์„œ์˜ ์ฑ…์˜ ํŠน์„ฑ 2. 1. ์ฑ… ์ฝ๊ธฐ์™€ ๊ธฐ์ˆ โ€‚_โ€‚18 2.1.1. ๊ธ€์“ฐ๊ธฐ ๊ธฐ์ˆ ๊ณผ ๋ฌผ์งˆ์„ฑโ€‚_โ€‚18 2.1.2. ๊ณ ๋Œ€์˜ ๊ธ€์“ฐ๊ธฐ ๊ธฐ์ˆ โ€‚_โ€‚20 2.1.3. ์ฝ”๋ฑ์Šค์˜ ํŠน์„ฑโ€‚_โ€‚24 2.1.4. ์ธ์‡„์ˆ ๊ณผ ์“ฐ๊ธฐโ€คโ€†์ฝ๊ธฐ ๊ธฐ์ˆ โ€‚_โ€‚28 2. 2. ์ฑ…์˜ ์—ญ์‚ฌ์™€ ๋…์„œ๊ด€์Šตโ€‚_โ€‚32 2.2.1. ์„œ์–‘ ์ฑ…์˜ ์—ญ์‚ฌ์™€ ๋…์„œ ๊ด€์Šตโ€‚_โ€‚33 2.2.2. ์ปค๋ฎค๋‹ˆ์ผ€์ด์…˜ ์ˆœํ™˜๊ณผ์ •์œผ๋กœ์„œ์˜ ์ฑ…์˜ ์—ญ์‚ฌโ€‚_โ€‚40 2.2.3. ์ฑ…์˜ ์—ญ์‚ฌ์™€ ์ฑ…์˜ ์‹œ๊ฐ์  ํ˜•์‹โ€‚_โ€‚44 2.2.4. ์‹œ๊ฐ์  ๋ฒˆ์—ญ ์ฒด๊ณ„ / ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์˜ ํŽธ์ง‘์  ์š”์†Œ์˜ ๋ฐœ๋‹ฌโ€‚_โ€‚62 2.3. 18์„ธ๊ธฐ ์ดํ›„ ์ถœํŒ์˜ ํ™•์žฅ๊ณผ ํŽธ์ง‘ ๋””์ž์ธโ€‚_โ€‚68 2.3.1. ์ถœํŒ์‹œ์žฅ์˜ ํ™•์žฅโ€‚_โ€‚68 2.3.2. ํ˜„๋Œ€์  ํƒ€์ดํฌ๊ทธ๋ž˜ํ”ผโ€‚_โ€‚70 2.3.3. ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ์ฑ…์˜ ๊ธฐ๋Šฅ๊ณผ ๊ฐ€์น˜โ€‚_โ€‚75 3. ์ž‘ํ’ˆ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ 3. 1. ํ•˜๋ฉœ ๋ณด๊ณ ์„œ ๊ฐœ์š”โ€‚_โ€‚84 3.1.1. ํ•˜๋ฉœ ๋ณด๊ณ ์„œ ์ถœ๊ฐ„ ์ด๋ ฅโ€‚_โ€‚โ€†84 3.1.2. ํ•˜๋ฉœ ๋ณด๊ณ ์„œ ๋‚ด์šฉ์˜ ํŠน์„ฑโ€‚_โ€‚91 3. 2. ํ•˜๋ฉœ ๋ณด๊ณ ์„œ ์—๋””์…˜ ๊ตฌ์„ฑโ€‚_โ€‚99 3.2.1. 1์ฐจ ์ž‘ํ’ˆ ์—ฐ๊ตฌโ€‚_โ€‚99 3.2.2. ์ถœํŒ ๊ธฐํš ์ค‘์‹ฌ์–ด ์„ค์ •โ€‚_โ€‚110 3. 3. 2์ฐจ ์ž‘ํ’ˆ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ A: ์ •์„œ์  ์ฝ๊ธฐโ€‚_โ€‚112 3. 4. 2์ฐจ ์ž‘ํ’ˆ ์—๋””์…˜ B : ์ „๋ฌธ์ โ€†โ€คโ€†ํ•™์ˆ ์  ์ฝ๊ธฐโ€‚_โ€‚โ€†120 3. 5. 3์ฐจ ์ž‘ํ’ˆ ์—ฐ๊ตฌโ€‚_โ€‚136 4. ๊ฒฐ์–ธโ€‚_โ€‚187Docto
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