1,562 research outputs found

    Study of Environmental Effect about Trade in Goods and Their Policy ——Empirical Analysis on China

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    随着中国加入世界贸易组织,中国的货物贸易进出口额逐年增加,由此带来了中国经济的快速发展、人民生活水平提高等正面效应。同时,货物贸易的发展也影响到了生态环境。本文通过构建货物贸易影响环境的分析框架,从静态和动态两个方面来看待这个问题。 通过本文第二章的分析可知,从短期静态角度看,货物贸易出口因为其产品中污染密集型产品比重小,并且其所占的出口比重逐年下降,所以会对环境产生有利影响。同时,货物贸易进口因为其产品中污染密集型产品比重大,对国内污染有很大程度的替代,所以对环境也是有有利影响的。 本文第三章从长期动态角度,将货物贸易对环境的影响分为规模效应、结构效应和科技效应三种效应。通过对中国实际数...The import and export of trade in goods of China increase rapidly after China joining the WTO. It brings some good effects like development of the economy and advance of people’s living standard. And the trade in goods also affects the environment of China. This article analyzes the effects from static and dynamic view. As the analysis in the chapter 2, from the static view, the export of goods h...学位:经济学硕士院系专业:经济学院国际贸易系_国际贸易学学号:2005130108

    Effect of the Foreign Direct Investment on the Environmental Pollution in the Yangtze River Delta

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    随着经济全球化步伐的进一步加快,我国社会主义市场经济改革的不断深化,世界许多著名的跨国公司都把目标投向了中国这一潜力巨大的市场,我国的外商投资规模有了迅速增加。外商直接投资(FDI)是一把“双刃剑”:它一方面在一定程度上解决了我国经济发展中的资金匮乏问题,但另一方面,也给我国的环境状况造成了危害。FDI与环境之间的关系是一个不容忽视的问题,已日益受到重视,并成为了国际社会的一个热点问题。 FDI与环境的内在联系非常复杂。首先,外商投资企业本身生产排放的污染物会直接对环境造成污染,同时,外商投资还会通过带动生产规模的扩大,产业结构的调整,设备、人才、技术经验的引进,环境标准的提高等多种途径对环...As the acceleration of the economic globalization and the deepening of China's socialism market economic reform, more and more world-famous Transnational corporations begin to investment to China. The scale of China's foreign investment has rapidly enlarged. Foreign direct investment (FDI) is a "double-edged sword". On one hand, it offers funds for our economic development. But on the other hand, ...学位:经济学硕士院系专业:经济学院国际贸易系_国际贸易学学号:1572006115116

    Trade and Environment in China under Trade Liberalization: A Theoretic and Empirical Study

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    摘要 贸易自由化使各个国家的大门都在向外国的资本敞开,随着发达国家在我国投资的增加,以及我国环境的恶化,有人认为发达国家为了规避本国的环境资源限制,将其污染密集型行业向我国转移,极大的破坏了我国的环境,我国已经成为发达国家的“污染天堂”。本文旨在从污染密集型行业外商投资额、外资企业出口额等角度分析这一理论在我国是否已经成为现实。经验研究部分为本文的主要创新点,按照工业行业分类选择污染密集型行业,采用多个比例,逐一分析各行业的污染情况,得出污染发达国家并没有将污染产业转移到我国,是我国成为污染天堂。本文各章节具体安排如下: 前言,介绍我国现阶段的贸易情况和污染情况,并提出本文的研究主题。...Abstract During the trade liberalization every country open to the foreign investment. With the increasing investment from developed countries and the deterioration of our country’s environment, many people come to believe that in order to avoid its own environment resource restriction some developed countries have transferred their dense-pollution industries to our country, which has enormous...学位:经济学硕士院系专业:经济学院国际贸易系_国际贸易学学号:20041301

    Research on relationships between the quality of foreign investment and environmental pollution in China

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    众所周知,自1978年改革开放以来,伴随着工业化进程的不断推进,中国经济持续了30余年的高速增长。在此期间,中国的国内生产总值从1978年的3650.2亿元飞速增长为2013年的588018.8亿元,年增长速度平均为9.8%。但是在经济高增长的的背后,盲目追求增长数量、忽视环境保护等引发了各种环境问题。同时,随着全球自由贸易的发展、我国的劳动力成本低、环境标准低以及国内政策倾向等原因导致近几年来我国的国际贸易额和外商投资额不断攀升。在大量引入外资的同时,外国先进的生产设备和技术、管理理念和高素质人才等也一并被引入中国,这可以大大地提高资源的利用率,然而发达国家的污染物可能也随之转移到我国,使之...As we all know, since the reform and opening up occurred in 1978, economy in China has achieved rapid growth for 30 years with continuous development of industrialization. From 1978 to 2013, GDP went up from 365.02 billion yuan to 58.80188 trillion yuan, an average annual growth rate of 9.8%. However, economic growth based on blind pursuit of increase in products and neglect of environmental prote...学位:应用统计硕士院系专业:经济学院_应用统计硕士学号:1542013115204

    Environmental Effect of FDI on Host Country ——An Empirical Study on Five Asian Countries

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    FDI对经济的带动作用毋庸置疑,发展中国家大多把FDI当成促进经济发展的良方,大量鼓励FDI的流入。然而,在借助FDI的资金、技术和管理方式促进经济发展的同时,发展中国家也逐渐面临越来越严重的环境恶化问题,因此FDI对东道国环境的影响逐渐成为学术界关注的问题。FDI是否导致了东道国环境的恶化?亦或是FDI对东道国环境有积极的影响,能够减缓环境的恶化?带着这些问题,本文选取了吸引和利用FDI极为显著的亚洲五国(中国、印尼、菲律宾、马来西亚、泰国)进行实证研究。 本文采用理论和实证结合的研究方法。首先,回顾了FDI与环境关系的相关研究;然后,从五国的经济发展模式(被称为“东亚模式”)的角度上具体...It is uncontroversial that FDI drives economy so that most of developing countries keep encouraging the inflow of FDI, regarding it as a good way for economic growth. However, developing countries are confronted with environmental deterioration, amidst of economic development via capital, technology and management style brought in by FDI. As a result, FDI’s environmental impact on hosting countrie...学位:经济学硕士院系专业:经济学院国际贸易系_国际贸易学学号:1572006115114

    Trade and the Environment in China: Examining the Linkage with OECD Countries

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    改革开放三十多年来,中国的对外贸易获得了很大发展,使中国从一个相对封闭的经济体,逐渐转变成“世界工厂”。对外贸易,尤其是与发达国家的贸易对中国经济增长有拉动作用,但同时也对环境有一定的影响。这种影响究竟是有利还是有害?影响的途径如何?应该如何看待与应对?对这些问题的解答有利于我们形成正确客观的认识,并为贸易与环境的政策制定提供有益的参考。 本文研究的基本问题为中国与OECD国家间典型的南北贸易对中国环境的影响。从环境库兹涅茨曲线理论、污染天堂假说等相关理论着手,利用1997-2007年29个省份省际面板数据,建立实证模型。为解决模型系统中变量的内生性问题,本文利用引力模型、要素积累模型构造相...Since 1978, China has witnessed a huge progress in trade with other part of the world, and turned into “World Factory” from a closed economy. Opening to the world serves as a fuel to China’ economic growth, however, environmental problems come along. Figuring out the linkage between trade and environmental problems is of great theoretical and practical meanings to China. This paper focuses on the...学位:经济学硕士院系专业:经济学院国际贸易系_国际经济学学号:1572007115076

    A Study on the Influence of Local Officials' Characteristics on Environmental Pollution Governance Expenditure---Based on the Local Leadership Data from 300 Poor Counties in 2014

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    随着我国经济的高速增长,在以经济增长为主的晋升激励指标之下,官员过度追求经济发展的同时,一系列负面影响接踵而至,环境污染问题严峻,经济增长与环境治理二者间的矛盾日益凸显。在中国财政分权与政治集权特色治理策略的基础上,地方官员对地区环境污染治理支出的影响值得我们关注。优化财政分权结构、合理有效地引导地方官员在环境治理与经济增长之间寻找均衡点,将成为我国环境治理的一个重要视角。 本文采用理论与实证相结合的方式分析了地方官员个人特征与环境治理支出二者之间的关系。理论分析结果表明:个人特征属性差异的县级地方官员对辖区内环境治理支出的影响也是存在差异的。县级官员的年龄特征与环境治理支出显著正相关;县级...China's economy continues to grow at a high speed since the reformation and opening. Under the performance promotion incentive mechanism, officials over the pursuit of economic development, and brought a lot of negative impacts, environmental pollution is getting worse, the contradictions between economic and environment become more and more significant. Under the pattern of Chinese fiscal decentr...学位:管理学硕士院系专业:公共事务学院_行政管理学号:1392014115045

    A Research on the Environmental Effect of Openness in Fujian Province

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    随着经济全球化的加速以及全球环境问题的不断加剧,对外开放与环境之间的潜在关系日益凸显。福建省作为中国对外开放发展较快的地区之一,经济发展对外依存度高。改革开放三十年来,福建经济各项经济指标均呈快速发展之势。然而在经济快速发展的同时,福建省环境恶化问题也越来越严重。福建省对外开放与环境恶化之间是否存在内在关联性?这种内在关联性又是通过何种机制对区域环境造成影响的? 基于此,本文着力于研究福建省对外开放与环境之间的关系,探讨福建省对外开放的环境效应。在整理和借鉴对外开放与环境相关文献的基础上,构建了环境污染联立方程模型和环境污染递归模型,针对五项污染浓度指标,分别分析了福建省对外贸易的环境效应以...With the acceleration of economic globalization and the deterioration of global environmental problems, more and more attention is being paid to the environmental impact of openness. The potential link between economic opening-up and environment is shaping up. Fujian Province is increasingly opening to the world and its degree of dependence upon foreign trade and FDI inflow is very high. Although ...学位:经济学硕士院系专业:经济学院国际贸易系_国际贸易学学号:1572006115114

    Trade Openness and Environmental Pollution:An Empirical Study on China (1980-2006)

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    贸易自由化是否有利于一国特别是发展中国家环境质量的改善历来争论已久,贸易开放对一国环境质量的影响存在于多种途径。首先,贸易自由化会促进一国经济增长,进而影响一国经济规模、产业结构和技术进步并对当地环境产生多重影响;其次,贸易自由化将诱使污染密集型产业从发达国家向发展中国家跨国转移并对发展中国家的环境产生消极作用;第三,贸易自由化将引致各国政府在环境管制政策方面的调整并进而影响一国环境质量。特别地,与发达国家相比,发展中国家的环境政策标准和环保技术都处于落后水平,这使得发展中国家在对外贸易开放进程中面临更多来自环境方面的压力和挑战。基于贸易与环境的相关理论,本文选择了七种测度我国贸易开放度的指标...It is controversial for a long time whether trade will improve the quality of environment for a country especially developing countries.The impacts of trade liberalization on a country's environment exist in various paths. First, trade liberalization will promote economic growth, thereby affecting the size of one country's economy, industrial structure and technological progress and have multiple ...学位:经济学硕士院系专业:经济学院国际贸易系_国际贸易学学号:1572006115115
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