9,175 research outputs found

    Experiment and Practice of Xiamen Branch,ICBC in Organizational Structural Flattening Reform

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    在信息技术支持的知识经济时代,传统金字塔状的层级结构组织模式越来越难以适应快速变化的社会要求。减少管理层次而增加管理幅度的扁平状组织形式凸显其科学、高效的优越性。本文对中国工商银行厦门分行扁平化改革进行较系统的理论思考,对其总体改革进行较系统的阐述,同时探讨实践探索中的几个突出问题并提出对策。全文共分六章。第一章对选题背景及其意义进行了阐述,对本文的研究思路、研究方法和论文的基本结构作了说明。第二章阐述了扁平化管理模式的四个理论依据即控制跨度理论、命令链理论、集权化和分权化理论及流程再造理论,作为整篇文章的立论基础。推论了理论的启示作用,即网络化,虚拟化和扁平化是未来企业组织结构的基本特征。同...In the Information and Knowledge-Based Economy era, the traditional pyramid organizational structure is no longer adequate for the fast-changing world. Flattened organizational structure, which reduces the management levels and strengthening the management effectiveness, is scientific and highly superior. This dissertation provides a systematic theoretical thinking to ICBC Xiamen Branch flattening...学位:工商管理硕士院系专业:管理学院工商管理教育中心(MBA中心)_工商管理硕士(MBA)学号:X20041544

    The study on the improvement of the controlling model of D Group Company

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    自2010年以来,我国经济增速逐渐放缓,在此之前迅速膨胀的众多大型企业面对激烈的市场竞争,开始审视企业内部管理问题,实施子公司制的大企业面临集权和分权比例如何协调的矛盾。为了进一步降低企业管理成本,提高企业市场竞争力,D集团于2014年起实施了管理控制模式的改进,以加强集团公司对子公司的集权管理。本文从基础概念和理论出发,对分析D集团所面临的管理问题进行理论铺垫,以此认识D集团改革前所面临的问题;结合影响集团公司管控模式选择的内外部因素以及选择原则分析,认为D集团确需加强集团公司管控强度;D集团通过缩减子公司管理层级,将子公司组织架构由高型结构转为扁平型结构,同时增加集团公司的部门设置,以加强...The economic growth of China has been slowing since 2010. Many rapidly expanding enterprises, facing fierce market competition, began to take internal management problems seriously. Those large groups, which implement the subsidiary system, had to figure out how to strike a balance between centralization and decentralization. D Group has been implementing the improvement of the management control ...学位:工商管理硕士院系专业:管理学院_工商管理硕士(高级管理人员工商管理硕士)学号:X201315637

    Adenoviral p53 gene therapy for lung cancer

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    To determine the feasibility, safety, humoral immune response, and biological activity of multiple intratumoral injections of Ad5CMV-p53, and to characterize the pharmacokinetics of Ad5CMV-p53 in patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Fifteen patients with histologically confirmed NSCLC and p53 mutations were enrolled into this phase I trial. Nine patients received escalating dose levels of Ad5CMV-p53 (1 × 109 to 1 × 1011 plaque-forming units[PFU]) as monotherapy once every 4 weeks. Six patients were treated on a 28-day schedule with Ad5CMV-p53 in combination with intravenous administration of cisplatin (80 mg/m2). Patients were monitored for toxicity, vector distribution, antibody formation, and tumor response. Fifteen patients received a total of 63 intratumoral injections of Ad5CMV-p53 without dose-limiting toxicity. The most common treatment-related toxicity was a transient fever. Specific p53 transgene expression was detected using reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction in biopsied tumor tissues throughout the period of treatment despite of the presence of neutralizing anti-adenovirus antibody. Distribution studies revealed that the vector was detected in the gargle and plasma, but rarely in the urine. Thirteen of 15 patients were assessable for efficacy; one patient had a partial response (squamous cell carcinoma at the carina), 10 patients had stable disease, with three lasting ≥9 months, and 2 patients had progressive disease. Multiple courses of intratumoral Ad5CMV-p53 injection alone or in combination with intravenous administration of cisplatin were feasible and well tolerated in advanced NSCLC patients, and appeared to provide clinical benefit

    Experimental Studies of Prostatic Tumors. I : Production of the Prostatic Tumor of Rat with 20-Methylcholanthrene.

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    Prostatic cancer is characterized by hormone de p endence, frequent presence of latent cancer and increased occurrence with advance of age, all of which are subjects of interest. Howev'r spontaneous development is not known in the Rodentia and experimental devel opment is widely studies due possibly to the fact that the clinical picture of the prostatic cancer differs greatly from the experimental cancer. This has brought us very few knowledges about the mechanism of carcinogenesis. On these points of view, experimental studies were performed by administrating 20-methylcholanthrene to Wistar strain rats which have less occurence of spontaneous carcinoma. The purpose of the study is to clarify the way of progress of carcinogenesis in animals given carbohydrate compounds and to observe the process of undergoing changes of cells toward cancer. Into the anterior lobe of the prostate, 0.1 m l of 3 % solution of 20-methylcholanthrene in Tween 80 was injected and development of tumor was observed for 6 month period. The initial development of tumor was recognized 88 days after injection. The occurrence rate of tumor in the first group of animals which was observed for 100 days, in the second group observed for 180 days and in the third group followed up than 181 days were 25 %, 60 % (3 out of 5 animals) and 58.9 % (10 out of 17 animals) respectively, so that in total the tumor was demonstrated in 53.9 % (14 out of 26 animals). Histological examination revealed squamous cell cancer in 10 out of 14 tumors, papilloma in 2, sarcoma in 1 and mixed adenoma in 1. As the p r o cess of formation of the tumor, one can suspect that squamous metaplasia of the glandular epithelia is taken place accompanied by chronic inflammation with granulation or abscess due to 20-MCT administration and this is followed by a gradual but irreversible transformation of keratinized squamous cell carcinoma around 180 days after administration therefore the squamous cell metaplasia and carcinomatous change is not considered to be a different disposition but is supposed to be a contineous process of morphological changes. Accordingly, a frequent development of prostatic cancer from the senilly atrophic glandular tissue observed in clinically is seemed to be due to the fact that the latant cancer-rearing factor is brought into existence by a mutation of the cells, of which biological functions are detereorated. This speculation can extend to the results of our study that formation of the initiating factor is progressed under the circumstance of chronic inflammatory stimuli of 20-MCT which is followed by additional participation of the promoting factor. Althogh DNA is participated as the source of energy for unlimited proliferation of cancer cells, an additional high leveled factor is suspected to take a part in the development of cancer as the promoting factor

    厦门大学图书馆学科服务改革实践

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    厦门大学图书馆在现有\"由下至上\"及\"兼职分散式\"学科馆员模式下,进行了多年的实践,取得了一定的经验。在经历了一系列的学科服务的探索后,其开始面对学科服务的困境,重新思考学科服务的未来。为了促进学科服务全面发展且加快学科服务的效率,厦门大学图书馆从组织架构上进行了改革——增加学科服务带头人领导的\"由上至下\"的管理模式与协调员扁平化组织模式,以实现具有图书馆统一理念的学科服务

    Study on the Clinical and Pathological Observation of the Sperma Invasion

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    1. Clinical and pathological research on Sperm a invasion was undertaken with due references to literature on 13 cases by the Tokyo Jikeikai school of medicine. 2. One among 13 cases had a complication of tuberculous epididym itis. 3. As to the ages of patients, fiftyfive was the oldest while youngest was twenty-one, 10 cases (77%) out of 13 cases were found in "twenties and thirties" (the greatest in number) in which the sexual organs were at their prime. 4. There were eleven cases of the right side an d two cases of the left side, domestic and foreign literature did not state which side contracted the disease more easily. 5. The cheif complaint is pain and for swelling of the testicles, but th i s pain is not severe, also pain in the lower abdomen due to deferentitis is evident too. 6. Previous gonorrhoea cases 4, orchitis two, trauma of externa l genital organs 3 cases, all interrelated with the contraction of the principal disease. There was only one tuberculous case. 7. Clinica l diagnosis indicated 6 tuberculous cases, 5 nonspecific inflammation while the remaining two cases showed tubercular indications as the cases progsessed. The following 3 points (No. 8-10) must be considered in differenti a l diagnosis. 8. Infected Area Exceedingly many cases of globus minor. 9. Size The majority being as large as the head of t h e forefinger or a walnut. 10. Hardness : The majority being hard while the surface is smooth and not similar to tuberculous cases. If tuberculous indications are prevalent, there is a necessity to examine the prostatic gland. 11. As to the patholo gical features, the epithelium of the epididymal duct is destroyed, deteriorates, flattness, metaplasia, expansion, contraction and obstruction of the duct becomes evident. By ut i l izing Putt's differentiating staining method, spermatozoa in the stroma were closely observed. Currently, almost all domestic literature have been devoid in mentioning the discovery of many cases of sperma within the bloodvessel and lymphatic channel. The existence of acid fast pigment as stated only in foreign publications we r e observed in the granulation tissue in seven out of 13 cases. 12 From the above, six to seven cases of uncomplicated type and mixed type were perceived. 13. As to the cause based upon various theories as here to fore and personal experiments, the activity of the sperma itself is primary and that inflammations, trauma causing the change in the epithelium, and contraction, obstruction of the duct is only a secondary factor which only fosters the activity of sperm in the interstitium

    A case of salvage combination chemotherapy of gemcitabine plus nedaplatin for squamous cell carcinoma of the ureter

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    46歳男.下腹部痛, 便秘が出現した.超音波検査, CTで径9cmの骨盤内腫瘤と左水腎症を指摘され, 後腹膜腫瘍の診断で入院した.開腹腫瘍摘除を試みるも, 腫瘍はS状結腸, 総腸骨動静脈, 仙骨に強固に癒着しており剥離不可能であった.病理組織結果は, 腹水はclass II, 腫瘍組織は低分化型扁平上皮癌であった.病期分類stage IVの原発性左尿管扁平上皮癌と診断した.進行性尿路移行上皮癌に準じたMEC療法を選択したが効果はSDと不良であった.組織培養法抗癌剤感受性試験の結果をもとに, gemcitabine, nedaplatinを用いた併用化学療法(GN)を施行し, PRであった.しかし, GN 2コース後と3コース後では, 腫瘍の大きさはほとんど変化なくSDであった.放射線外照射とテガフール・ウラシルを開始した.他臓器転移はなく退院し, 6ヵ月経過したが画像上残存腫瘍の増大を認めず, 腫瘍マーカーの上昇も認めていないA 46-year-old man complained of lower abdominal pain, and his abdominal and pelvic computed tomographic scan revealed left hydronephrosis and a huge tumor (9 X 9 cm) in the left distal ureter involving the left iliac vessel that was considered unresectable. Histological diagnosis showed squamous cell carcinoma, and histoculture drug response assay (HDRA) suggested the effectiveness of gemcitabine and nedaplatin. A cycle of adjuvant chemotherapy consisting of MEC (methotrexate 30 mg/ m2: day 1 and 15, epirubicin 50 mg/m2: day 1, and cisplatin 50 mg/m2: day 2 and 3) was performed as a first line chemotherapy, but the size of the ureteral tumor did not change. He was treated with 3 cycles of systematic combination chemotherapy consisting of gemcitabine (1, 000 mg/m2: day 1 and 8) and nedaplatin (80 mg/m2: day 1). After 2 courses of chemotherapy, the tumor size was reduced by 50% (PR; RECIST guidelines) and the tumor markers (SCC, CYFRA, NSE, CEA, and CA19-9) dropped to within the normal range. There were no serious adverse events except for grade 3 neutropenia which spontaneously recovered. However, because the tumor size was not reduced after the third cycle of chemotherapy, we applied external beam radiation to the primary lesion and the metastatic retroperitoneal lymph node site. No evidence of residual tumor progression has been found for 6 months after radiation therapy. We concluded that GN chemotherapy may be useful for patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the ureter

    Primary squamous cell carcinoma of the prostate: a case report

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    Primary squamous cell carcinoma of the prostate is so rare that only 6 cases have been reported in the Japanese literature. This type of cancer is independent of androgen, and its prognosis seems to be generally poor. The patient was a 76-year-old male who was admitted to our hospital with a chief complaint of dysuria. Although the markers for prostatic tumor were within normal ranges, findings in digital examination and imaging suggested prostatic cancer. Because of the marked dysuria, transurethral resection of prostate serving as a biopsy was carried out, and histopathological examination led to a diagnosis of squamous cell carcinoma. Despite 2 courses of chemotherapy with pepleomycin and cis-platinum (CDDP), followed by radiotherapy, the patient died from cancerous cachexia about 9 months after the initial examination

    Primary carcinoma in diverticulum of the bladder: a report of three cases

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    The first case was in a 48-year-old man admitted with a chief complaint of macroscopic hematuria and sense of residual urine. A tumor in the diverticulum of the bladder was detected by cystoscopy, computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). We made the diagnosis of an invasive tumor in the diverticulum of the bladder. Total cystourethrectomy and ileal conduit diversion was performed. Histopathological finding was transitional cell carcinoma including squamous cell carcinoma. Adjuvant chemotherapy was performed. No recurrence and metastasis has been recognized for 12 months. The second case was a 56-year-old man having an intradiverticular tumor diagnosed by cystoscopy, CT, and MRI. Total cystectomy and ileal conduit diversion was performed. Histopathological findings was squamous cell carcinoma. No recurrence has been recognized for 8 months. The last case was an 81-year-old man. The patient had the complication of a primary progressive squamous cell carcinoma of the skin. Transurethral resection of diverticular tumor was performed under the diagnosis of superficial tumor. Histopathological findings revealed transitional cell carcinoma. One hundred and sixty one cases of tumor in the diverticulum of the bladder were reviewed. Importance of aggressive treatment including total cystectomy was emphasized
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