Capital Efficiency for Development Stage Biotech-Based Firms: An IPO Perspective

Access to multiple tranches of capital is critical for predominantly no revenue development stage biotech firms. While financing needs are monotonically increasing over multiple years in the product development approval cycle, the market for high risk, milestone driven biotech investment is significantly more volatile than the financial markets as a whole. In this paper, we analyzed the role and relative importance of global biotech IPOs, as well as other sources of capital such as strategic alliances, for research and development funding. We also explored and assessed the degree of mismatch between the access to capital, operational efficiencies, and how firms solve the potential unmet capital requirements. Implications for investors, as well as small and large biotech company managers, is discussed

Teaching English for Young Learners

Language as a means of communication plays very important role in social relationship among human beings. The English language is the first foreign language we teach to children at very early stages of schooling. The primary aim of teaching English in the early years of schooling is to motivate young learners to be ready and have self-confident in learning English at higher levels of education. Some children are born to parents who are polyglots, so they have to acquire two or three different languages. Some others learn second or third language because they have to immigrate to a new country. Others learn English as foreign language because English is not their native language in their country. Teaching English to young learners then can be beneficial or detrimental to learners. It will be beneficial if the teachers can facilitate learning and enable learners to bring to language learning their curiosity and eagerness to make sense of the world, as a result, the teachers may help the learners are able to overcome their problem even the most demanding tasks with enthusiasm and willingness

Examining digital government and public service provision : the case of Finland

Finland is one country that has long embraced technology in many aspects of her existence. To understand the present outlook of digital government and public service provision in Finland, an evaluation is necessary. This paper explores the successes and challenges of digital government in relation to public service provision through relevant reports and by focusing on policy strategies, implementations, and innovativeness. The case of Finland revealed that digital government via the egovernment framework is vital in the areas of democracy and decision-making, health care, education, integration, security, land survey and social services provision. Areas that require improvements are collaboration, coordination, partnership building between stakeholders, funding, fiscal policies, expertise, literacy, and acceptance. In addition, is addressing the problems of data deluge and ethical dilemmas (trust), and inequality questions.fi=vertaisarvioitu|en=peerReviewed

Too Young to Wed: the Lives, Rights and Health of Young Married Girls

Provides data on the rates of child marriage throughout the developing world, and its effect on young girls and on the economy of developing countries. Calls for continued effort to develop innovative strategies to counter this practice