KARAKTERISASI ISOLAT AKTIF DAUN SIRSAK (Annona muricata L.) DAN UJI SITOTOKSISITAS ISOLAT AKTIFNYA TERHADAP SEL HeLa

Vector Stephen Dewangga. S901308006. 2015. Karakterisasi Isolat Aktif Daun Sirsak (Annona muricata L.) dan Uji Sitotoksisitas Isolat Aktifnya terhadap Sel HeLa. Tesis. Pembimbing I: Prof. Dr. Okid Parama Astirin, M.S, Pembimbing II: Dr. Tetri Widiyani, M.Si. Program Studi Biosain. Program Pascasarjana Universitas Sebelas Maret. ABSTRAK Indonesia merupakan negara kedua di dunia setelah Cina yang memiliki penderita kanker serviks terbanyak, kanker ini disebabkan oleh infeksi dari Human Papilloma Virus (HPV). Sebagian besar obat-obat kemoterapi kanker memiliki efek samping berupa kerusakan-kerusakan pada jaringan yang masih sehat. Penelitian in vitro mengenai ekstrak kasar dan fraksi dari daun sirsak (Annona muricata L.) telah menunjukkan hasil yang efektif dalam menghambat pertumbuhan kanker serviks. Tujuan penelitian ini ialah untuk mengetahui nilai Inhibition Concentration 50 (IC50) dari isolat teraktif yang diujikan pada sel HeLa dan menemukan struktur kimia dari isolat teraktif dari A. muricata L. yang dideteksi dengan Fourier Transform Infra Red (FT-IR) dan spektrofotometer Ultraviolet-Visible (UV-Vis). Pencarian isolat teraktif daun A. muricata L. diawali dengan metode perkolasi menggunakan pelarut etanol 96%. Perkolat kemudian difraksinasi dengan kloroform-etil asetat (9:1 v/v), hingga diperoleh bercak tunggal pada KLT yang menandai keberadaan isolat teraktif. Isolat teraktif dikarakterisasi dengan menggunakan FT-IR dan spektrofotometer UV-Vis. Selanjutnya dilakukan uji sitotoksisitas isolat teraktif pada sel HeLa untuk dapat diketahui nilai IC50. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan keberadaan metabolit sekunder terpenoid dan steroid pada fraksi teraktif daun A. muricata L. Dari FT-IR dijumpai 16 titik serapan, serapan pada 1.743,72 cm -1 menunjukkan keberadaan gugus lakton yang berasal dari gugus C=O pada γ–butirolakton. Dari spektrofotometer UV-Vis, dijumpai titik absorbansi maksimal pada panjang gelombang 210 nm, 213 nm dan 216-234 nm, yang menunjukkan adanya gugus ketolakton dari ikatan rangkap C=C, C=O, serta ikatan tunggal C-O yang menunjukkan adanya gugus tetrahidrofuran yang berasal dari ikatan C-O-C. Isolat teraktif fraksi kloroform-etil asetat daun A. muricata L. memiliki nilai IC50 sebesar 77,096 µg/ml terhadap sel HeLa, yang berarti potensial untuk menghambat proliferasi sel HeLa. Kata Kunci: fraksi teraktif daun Annona muricata L., FT-IR, spektrofotometer UV-Vis, sel HeLa, IC50

UJI RESISTENSI BAKTERI PADA URIN PENDERITA ISK TERHADAP ANTIBIOTIK LEVOFLOXACIN DAN CIPROFLOXACIN DI LABORATORIUM KLINIK PRODIA MAKASSAR

ABSTRACTUrinary tract infection (UTI) is a clinical condition due to the proliferation of microorganisms that cause inflammation in the urinary tract and cause bacteriuria. Bacterial resistance to antibiotics continues to change, so research is carried out on the level of resistance to certain antibiotics in order to facilitate the treatment of UTI. Urine culture examination includes culturing the suspect bacteria, identifying and testing the antibiotics ciprofloxacin and levofloxacin. This study uses a descriptive research design. The sample of this study was 27 samples taken from patients who had been diagnosed with UTI and underwent therapy from a doctor. The results of the study of bacteria causing UTI resistance to the antibiotic levofloxacin 41%, and to the antibiotic ciprofloxacin 44%. Streptococcus agalactiae bacteria were found to be antibiotic resistant to levofloxacin and ciprofloxacin 37.5%, Escherichia coli was found to be antibiotic resistant to levofloxacin and ciprofloxacin 50%, Staphylococcus aureus was to be antibiotic resistant to levofloxacin 0% and ciprofloxacin 25%, and to floxacin to the antibiotic floxacin 25%, to be antibiotic resistant to floxacin. Streptococcus pyeogenes was found to be 0% resistant to levofloxacin and ciprofloxacin antibiotics, and to Klebsiella oxytoca and Enterococcus faecalis were found to be 100% resistant

Pengaruh Variasi Konsentrasi Tepung Sukun (Artocarpus altilis) Sebagai Media Alternatif Terhadap Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923

Sukun adalah buah yang dihasilkan oleh tanaman Artocarpus altilis. Bentuknya bulat hingga cenderung lonjong. Warnanya hijau terang dan akan berubah menjadi kuning kecoklatan saat matang. Habitat tanaman sukun adalah  paling cocok di dataran rendah beriklim tropis.  Tepung sukun merupakan tepung bebas gluten yang dihasilkan dari tepung sukun yang dibudidaya secara alami. Tepung sukun pada 100 g. mengandung kadar air antara 2-6%, protein 3,6 g, lemak 0,8  g, dan karbohidrat  78,9 g, vitamin B20,17 mg, vitamin B10,34 mg, vitamin C 47,6 mg, kalsium 58,8 mg, fosfor 165,2 mg dan zat besi 1,1 mg. Staphylococcus aureus adalah bakteri berbentuk kokus dan bersifat gram positif. Staphylococcus aureus bersifat aerob atau anaerob fakultatif dan bertahan hidup dalam lingkungan kosentrasi yang tinggi. Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui pengaruh variasi konsentrasi sukun sebagai media alternatif pertumbuhan  Staphylococcus aureus, mengetahui jumlah angka lempeng total bakteri pada Staphylococcus aureus. Penelitian ini adalah Quota Sampling dengan 5 kelompok perlakuan diantaranya 3 kelompok media alternatif sukun (Artocapus altilis) variasi kosentrasi 5%, 7,5%, dan 10%, dan 2 kontrol untuk kontrol positif media Nutrient agar dan kontrol negatif media agar base. Hasil penelitain di lakukan uji normalitas, uji homogentios, dn uji ANOVA dengan nilai sig 0,005. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah terdapat perbedaan jumlah koloni pada pertumbuhan Staphylococcus aureus pada media alternatif sukun dengan variasi konsentarsi 5%, 7,5%, dan 10%.Variasi konsentrasi tertinggi (10%) tepung sukun (Artocapus altilis) setara dengan media Nutrient Agar (NA) dalam menumbuhkan Staphylococcus aureus. Kata kunci : Sukun, Tepung Sukun, Staphylococcus aureus

Peningkatan Pengetahuan Siswa MAN 2 Jepara Tentang Desa Wisata Tempur

Community involvement in the management of Tempur Village tourism can be seen, one way, through the formation of community groups which aim to protect the environment around the Tempur Village tourist area. This is because the local community is the host who understands the Tempur Village tourist location so they need to be involved, plus the perception of Tempur Village tourism management is not yet fully known. Therefore, the aim of this community service is to increase knowledge of the Tempur Tourism Village. A total of 30 people received counseling about the Tempur Tourism Village from students of Madrasah Aliyah Negeri (MAN) 2 Jepara as part of community service activities. Before and after the counseling, questionnaires were handed over to the counseling participants. Based on the results of service activities, it can be seen that around 21% of respondents gave correct answers to the initial questionnaire, and as many as 71% gave correct answers to the post-questionnaire. Thus, these figures show that when counseling was carried out, there was an increase in MAN 2 Jepara students' knowledge about the Tempur Tourism Village. Stakeholders such as the School, Tempur Village Tourism Manager, Tempur Village Government have been advised by the community service team to provide opportunities for MAN 2 Jepara students to carry out research activities related to the Tourism Village and activities related to tourism management in Tempur Village

Free vector lattices over vector spaces

We show that free vector lattices over vector spaces can be realised in a natural fashion as vector lattices of real-valued functions. The argument is inspired by earlier work by Bleier, with some analysis in locally convex topological vector spaces added. Using this fact for free vector lattices over vector spaces, we can improve the well-known result that free vector lattices over non-empty sets can be realised as vector lattices of real-valued functions. For infinite sets, the underlying spaces for such realisations can be chosen to be much smaller than the usual ones.Comment: 8 page

Lifting vector bundles to Witt vector bundles

Let $p$ be a prime, and let $S$ be a scheme of characteristic $p$. Let $n \geq 2$ be an integer. Denote by $\mathbf{W}_n(S)$ the scheme of Witt vectors of length $n$, built out of $S$. The main objective of this paper concerns the question of extending (=lifting) vector bundles on $S$ to vector bundles on $\mathbf{W}_n(S)$. After introducing the formalism of Witt-Frobenius Modules and Witt vector bundles, we study two significant particular cases, for which the answer is positive: that of line bundles, and that of the tautological vector bundle of a projective space. We give several applications of our point of view to classical questions in deformation theory---see the Introduction for details. In particular, we show that the tautological vector bundle of the Grassmannian $Gr_{\mathbb{F}_p}(m,n)$ does not extend to $\mathbf{W}_2(Gr_{\mathbb{F}_p}(m,n))$, if $2 \leq m \leq n-2$. In the Appendix, we give algebraic details on our (new) approach to Witt vectors, using polynomial laws and divided powers. It is, we believe, very convenient to tackle lifting questions.Comment: Enriched version, with an appendi

Vector-Meson Electroproduction from Generalized Vector Dominance

Including destructively interfering off-diagonal transitions of diffraction-dissociation type, we arrive at a formulation of GVD for exclusive vector-meson production in terms of a continuous spectral representation of dipole form. The transverse cross-section sigma_T for gamma* p -> V p behaves asymptotically as 1/Q^4, while R_V = sigma_L/sigma_T becomes asymptotically constant. Contributions violating s-channel helicity conservation stay at the 10-15% level established in low-energy photoproduction and diffractive hadron--hadron interactions. The data for phi- and rho-meson production for 0 \lsim Q^2 \lsim 20 GeV^2 from HERA are found to be in agreement with these predictions.Comment: 16 pages, latex, 3 figure