Learning Structured Inference Neural Networks with Label Relations

Images of scenes have various objects as well as abundant attributes, and diverse levels of visual categorization are possible. A natural image could be assigned with fine-grained labels that describe major components, coarse-grained labels that depict high level abstraction or a set of labels that reveal attributes. Such categorization at different concept layers can be modeled with label graphs encoding label information. In this paper, we exploit this rich information with a state-of-art deep learning framework, and propose a generic structured model that leverages diverse label relations to improve image classification performance. Our approach employs a novel stacked label prediction neural network, capturing both inter-level and intra-level label semantics. We evaluate our method on benchmark image datasets, and empirical results illustrate the efficacy of our model.Comment: Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition(CVPR) 201

A Simple Method For Estimating Conditional Probabilities For SVMs

Support Vector Machines (SVMs) have become a popular learning algorithm, in particular for large, high-dimensional classification problems. SVMs have been shown to give most accurate classification results in a variety of applications. Several methods have been proposed to obtain not only a classification, but also an estimate of the SVMs confidence in the correctness of the predicted label. In this paper, several algorithms are compared which scale the SVM decision function to obtain an estimate of the conditional class probability. A new simple and fast method is derived from theoretical arguments and empirically compared to the existing approaches. --

Road Friction Estimation for Connected Vehicles using Supervised Machine Learning

In this paper, the problem of road friction prediction from a fleet of connected vehicles is investigated. A framework is proposed to predict the road friction level using both historical friction data from the connected cars and data from weather stations, and comparative results from different methods are presented. The problem is formulated as a classification task where the available data is used to train three machine learning models including logistic regression, support vector machine, and neural networks to predict the friction class (slippery or non-slippery) in the future for specific road segments. In addition to the friction values, which are measured by moving vehicles, additional parameters such as humidity, temperature, and rainfall are used to obtain a set of descriptive feature vectors as input to the classification methods. The proposed prediction models are evaluated for different prediction horizons (0 to 120 minutes in the future) where the evaluation shows that the neural networks method leads to more stable results in different conditions.Comment: Published at IV 201

Nearest convex hull classification

Consider the classification task of assigning a test object toone of two or more possible groups, or classes. An intuitive way to proceedis to assign the object to that class, to which the distance is minimal. Asa distance measure to a class, we propose here to use the distance to theconvex hull of that class. Hence the name Nearest Convex Hull (NCH)classification for the method. Convex-hull overlap is handled through theintroduction of slack variables and kernels. In spirit and computationallythe method is therefore close to the popular Support Vector Machine(SVM) classifier. Advantages of the NCH classifier are its robustnessto outliers, good regularization properties and relatively easy handlingof multi-class problems. We compare the performance of NCH againststate-of-art techniques and report promising results.