Effects of heating process of soybeans on ruminal production of conjugated linoleic acids and trans-octadecenoic acids in situ

The effects of two thermal treatments of soybeans, i.e. roasting (150˚C dry heat) and extrusion (140-150˚C), on conjugated linoleic acids (CLA) and trans-octadecenoic acids (trans-C18:1) productions obtained throughout ruminal C18:2 biohydrogenation in cows were examined. Nylon bags containing raw, roasted or extruded soybeans were incubated in the rumen of dry fistulated cows, during 2, 4, 8, 16 or 24 hours. After incubation of 2-4 h, significantly greater amounts of linoleic acid (C18:2) remained in bags containing extruded and roasted soybeans than in those with raw soybeans, reflecting a lower biohydrogenation of C18:2 in both case. Furthermore, significant and marked accumulations of CLA and trans-C18:1 at a lesser extend were noticed in bags containing extruded soybeans compared to those with raw or roasted soybeans. By calculations of the efficiencies of the three reactions, an inhibition of the C18:2 isomerisation was evidenced with extruded and roasted soybeans, as well as an inhibition of the two reduction steps in presence of extruded soybeans. Consequently, the thermal treatment and the nature of heating process of fat are efficient ways to modulate the CLA and trans-C18:1 ruminal productions

OFF-FARM WORK AND THE ADOPTION OF HERBICIDE-TOLERANT SOYBEANS

Adoption of herbicide-tolerant (HT) soybeans is proceeding rapidly despite little difference between the net returns to HT versus conventional soybeans. Using a multivariate probit model, we analyze the interaction of off-farm work and adoption and test if farmers adopt HT soybeans because its simplicity and flexibility frees management time.Biotechnology, herbicide-tolerant soybeans, technology adoption, off-farm work, household models, Crop Production/Industries,

Soybean Cover Cropping Trial

In 2016, the University of Vermont Extension Northwest Crops and Soils Team interseeded cover crops into soybean varieties to evaluate cover crop establishment and effect on soybean yield at Borderview Research Farm in Alburgh, VT. Growing conditions in Alburgh are conducive to grow soybeans from maturity group 1.8 and under. Due to the later harvest date of soybeans in Vermont, little research has been done of cover crop establishment. Cover crops, particularly legumes, have difficultly establishing after the late soybean harvest and are not able to develop enough biomass to protect the otherwise bare soil during the winter. In an effort to support and expand the local soybean market throughout the northeast and increase soil health in fields rotated with soybeans, the University of Vermont Extension Northwest Crop and Soils (NWCS) Program, as part of a grant from the Eastern Soybean Board, established a trial in 2016 to evaluate cover crop seeding methods and establishment in soybeans

Soybean Planting Date, 2007

The planting date for soybeans should be based on seedbed conditions and calendar date rather than soil temperature. The optimum time to plant soybeans in Iowa is the last week of April for the southern two thirds of Iowa and the first week of May for the northern one third of Iowa

Soybean Planting Date x Variety Trial

In 2017, the University of Vermont Extension Northwest Crops and Soils Team investigated the impact of planting date and variety on soybean yield and quality at Borderview Research Farm in Alburgh, VT. Due to the short growing season in Vermont, little research has been conducted on soybeans and the insects and diseases that can affect their harvest yield and quality. Soybeans are grown for human consumption, animal feed, and biodiesel. In an effort to support and expand the local soybean market throughout the northeast, the University of Vermont Extension Northwest Crop and Soils (NWCS) Program, as part of a grant from the Eastern Soybean Board, established a trial in 2017 to determine optimal planting dates for soybeans that maximize yield and quality in our northern climate

Organic Soybean Variety Trial

In 2016, the University of Vermont Extension Northwest Crops and Soils Team evaluated yield and quality of organic soybean varieties at Borderview Research Farm in Alburgh, VT. Growing conditions in Alburgh are conducive to grow soybeans from maturity group 1.8 and under. Due to the short growing season in Vermont, little research has been conducted on soybeans and the insects and diseases that can affect their harvest yield and quality. Soybeans are grown for human consumption, animal feed, and biodiesel. In an effort to support and expand the local soybean market throughout the northeast, the University of Vermont Extension Northwest Crop and Soils (NWCS) Program, as part of a grant from the Eastern Soybean Board, established trials in 2016 to evaluate soybean varieties under conventional management to evaluate which ones thrive in our northern climate

Storing Corn and Soybeans

published or submitted for publicationnot peer reviewe

Genetically Modified Grain Corn and Soybeans in Quebec and Ontario in 2000 and 2001

This report focuses on the changes in the area of genetically modified (GM) grain corn and soybeans, comparing the year 2001 with 2000. In the 2001 growing season, total GM area increased significantly for both GM grain corn and soybean crops in Quebec and Ontario. The number of large farms seeding GM crops rose considerably, while the number of small- and medium-sized farms growing GM crops was quite unchanged. The increase in GM soybean area was higher than that of GM grain corn. Farms growing both corn and soybeans made the biggest contribution to the increase. The increase appears to be a consequence of both higher average area of GM crops grown per farm by farmers who grew GM crops in 2000 and, to a lesser extent, the adoption of GM technology by new farmers. Most of the increased GM area was in Quebec, where the area seeded to GM grain corn rose 30.3% and to soybeans, 63.0%. In Ontario, the increase was 11.3% for grain corn and 25.4% for soybeans. In both provinces, the greater GM area for soybeans was more than double the increase in GM area for grain corn. In Quebec and in Ontario, the proportion of GM grain corn and soybean area to total grain corn and soybean area has increased significantly. In Quebec, GM area accounted for 31% of grain corn area and 27% of soybean area in 2001 compared to 27% and 17% respectively in 2000. In Ontario, the proportions were 29% for grain corn and 23% for soybean in 2001 compared to 27% and 17% respectively in 2000. In 2001, the proportion of large farms (total operated area greater than 980 acres) reporting GM grain corn or soybeans increased more than any other farm size category. This was especially apparent in Quebec. However, the small farm category, which accounted for the largest proportion of GM area in 2000, saw its share drop significantly in 2001. Statistics Canada's November Farm Survey data shows that yields for GM soybeans and grain corn have been better than yields for non-GM crops, and that growing GM grain corn and soybeans appears to have improved the average yield for both crops.Crop Production/Industries,

SOYBEANS QUALITY PRICE DIFFERENTIALS FROM AN ELEVATOR'S PERSPECTIVE

Soybean prices are determined by interaction between various factors. At an elevator, discount prices for unique characteristics can range from 0.02 cents per bushel to 7.71 cents per bushel of soybeans. This variation suggests that producers of soybeans need quality-characteristic specific information concerning soybeans pricing at the market. This study uses a hedonic model to evaluate price differentials associated with soybean quality based on grain elevator data during the 1998 production period. Foreign material, moisture, bean damage, and net weight were found to significantly influence the cash price of soybeans.hedonic, quality, discount, Crop Production/Industries, Demand and Price Analysis,

World Soybean Demand: An Elasticity Analysis and Long-Term Projections

Soybeans are one of the most valuable crops in the world and are characterized by their multi-purpose uses: food, feed, fuel and other industrial usages such as paint, inks, and plastics. Out of 183.9 million tons of world supply/demand of soybeans in 2001-03 year, about 10% of them were directly consumed as food (5.9%) or feed (3.8%) but 84.2% of them were crushed into soyoil and soymeal. Soyoil is mainly processed to vegetable oil for human consumption and recently used as a biodiesel feedstock. Soymeal is used not only as feed for livestock (especially for pork and poultry due to its low fiber level) and aquaculture, but also as a good source of protein for the human diet in a variety of forms in different cultures. This paper analyzes the relationship of the demand for soybeans with economy at country and international levels. We use the county level domestic demand quantities with GDP data and apply an error correction mechanism (ECM) to estimate the long-term elasticities of demand for soybeans in the market/economy. Using the estimated long-term elasticities, the demands for soybeans are projected through 2030.soybean demand, elasticity, error correction mechanism (ECM), projection, Agribusiness, Crop Production/Industries, Demand and Price Analysis, Marketing, C22, C53, Q11,