254,046 research outputs found
Real-time Monitoring of Uncertainty due to Refraction in Multibeam Echo Sounding
A software toolkit has been developed to objectively monitor uncertainty due to refraction in multibeam echosounding, specifically mapping systems that employ underway sound speed profiling hardware. The toolkit relies on the use of a raytrace simulator which mimics the sounding geometry of any given echosounder, specifically array type, angular sector, draft, and availability of a surface sound speed probe. The simulator works by objectively comparing a pair of consecutively collected sound speed profiles and reporting sounding uncertainty across the entire potential sounding space. Realtime visualizations of the uncertainty as a function of time and space allow the operator to tune the sound speed profile collection regime to maintain a desired sounding uncertainty while at the same time minimizing the number of casts collected
Remote temperature profiling in the troposphere and stratosphere by the radio-acoustic sounding technique
Radar application of the radio-acoustic sounding technique uses the Doppler frequency shift of radar echoes returning from the atmospheric wave structure, in association with a traveling acoustic pulse transmitted from the ground, to determine the speed of sound, and hence the atmospheric temperature, as a function of altitude. Temperature measurement in the troposphere and stratosphere were determined using the radio-acoustic sounding technique with the Radio-Acoustic Sounding System (RASS). Successful experiments were performed in March 1985, and in August 1985
Improving the spatial resolution by effective subtraction technique at Irkutsk incoherent scatter radar: the theory and experiment
We describe a sounding technique that allows us to improve spatial resolution
of Irkutsk Incoherent Scatter Radar without loosing spectral resolution. The
technique is based on transmitting of rectangle pulses of different duration in
various sounding runs and subtracting correlation matrixes. Theoretically and
experimentally we have shown, that subtraction of the mean-square parameters of
the scattered signal for different kinds of the sounding signal one from
another allows us to solve the problem within the framework of quasi-static
ionospheric parameters approximation.Comment: 4 pages, 3 figures, to appear at URSI-2011 conferenc
Estimation of Sounding Uncertainty from Measurements of Water Mass Variability
Analysis techniques are introduced that allow for estimation of potential sounding uncertainty due to water mass variability from reconnaissance campaigns in which oceanographic parameters are measured at a high temporal and spatial resolution. The analysis techniques do not require sounding data, thus analyses can be tailored to match any survey system; this allows for pre-analysis campaigns to optimize survey instrumentation and sound speed profiling rates such that a desired survey specification can be maintained. Additionally, the output of the analysis methods can potentially provide a higher fidelity estimation of sounding uncertainty due to water mass variability than uncertainty models in common use
Some considerations on pitch
Pitch is an audible quality of sound which can be explained not only in terms of strong correlation with sound waves’ properties, but also by a neat correlation to the properties of the sounding object. This seems to be in favour of the theory of sound labelled “distal view”, according to which sound is the vibration of the sounding object
- …