193 research outputs found

    Kepentingan Nasional Ekuador Terhadap Eksplorasi Minyak Di Taman Nasional Yasuni

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    Masalah kelestarian lingkungan sering berbenturan dengan masalah pembangunan. Salah satu masalah yang terjadi di Ekuador adalah dilema antara pengembangan eksplorasi minyak dengan pelestarian Taman Nasional Yasuni. Bantuan dunia Internasional yang tidak maksimal mendorong Ekuador memutuskan mundur dari rezim Yasuni-ITT Trust Fund. Sikap Ekuador untuk keluar dari rezim Internasional dikaji melalui perspektif realisme dalam hubungan Internasional. Temuan penelitian ini adalah Ekuador menerapkan prinsip-prinsip dalam teori realisme. akan tetapi, pada penerapan konsep kemandirian Ekuador cenderung tidak konsisten. Meskipun pemaksimalan kepentingan nasional itu penting, tetapi akan sulit bagi negara menerpakan prinsip kemandirian dengan murni saat sekarang ini

    Frontinus' cameo role in Tacitus' Agricola

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    Frontinus appears only once in Tacitus' Agricola, at a moment in the text where Tacitus is filling in some background, sketching a rough history of the Roman occupation of Britain up to the time when Agricola took over as governor of the province. His appearance is brief, and the momentum of the whole section makes it tempting to see him as a mere footnote in the tale of Agricola's life and career. I will argue, however, that Frontinus' role in the text is more significant than that. Indeed, it is my contention that he is closely bound up with – and helps Tacitus and his readers to explore – one of the text's most pressing concerns: namely senatorial conduct, status and identity, in Domitianic and post-Domitianic Rome.PostprintPeer reviewe

    Rethinking the Larger Pattern of the American Interest in the Arab Gulf

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    This paper evaluates the larger pattern of American interest in the Arab Gulf. It questions whether the pattern is based on ideological or economic interest. It also critically examines various data and interprets following their (data) social, economic and political interlinks and special topics that have been significantly proposed in the state policy. This paper argues that the US foreign policy represents two larger directions of its interest: economy and ideology. Both have linked together and interrelatedly have determined and have been determined by strategic culture of the states in the region and its complexities covering all national, interstate, regional, broader regional (Middle East) and global levels. This paper also arguably states that there is no single interest that can be oversimplified, but it has remained highly dynamic or has demonstrated multiple complexities of the interest in which they are represented by issues of oil, war on terrorism, nuclear weapon and Israel

    Democracy Deficit in China: A Choice or Foreordained

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    This paper attempts to analyze both internal and external determinants which influence the persistence of the democracy deficit in China, as Beijing successfully surpressed its people's demand for democrartic change and freedom. This paper also examines how the longevity of one-party regimes has simply made democracy such a forgettable discourse. Meanwhile, this paper argues three watersheds of undemocratized China. First, the historical precedence has shown that attempts of electoral democracy have not been successful in China. Second, there is an absence of constructive engagement toward China by external powers, such as the European Union and the United States (henceafter, "US"). Third, democracy lacks strong support from large sections of Chinese society. This paper also sees the another perspective of how the monopolized power of Chinese Communist Party (henceafter, "CCP") has been substituting the implementation of liberal democracy through the meritrocacy system and creatingthe dependencies of middle class to government

    Russia-ASEAN Summit 2016: Improvement For The Better Strategic Partnership

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    AbstractThis article tries to elaborate the impact for the cooperation between ASEAN-Russia in economic and political security. How the ways to increase their bilateral relations and bring positive impacts for both countries. ASEAN is often regarded as the paragon case of successful regional security cooperation and attributes its achievement to economy, social—cultural and political-security. In the recent years, ASEAN try to create many external relations with another country and Russia is one of them. ASEAN want to make a mutual relationship with others and solve the regional issue happen in many countries. Economy and political security will be the main issue for this cooperation. ASEAN and Russia start their bilateral relation for a long time ago but economic relations like trade is still low but they try hard to progress. After ASEAN summit 2016 in Sochi, Russia on 19-21 May a lot of agreement have been signed and people looking forward for the impact of this partnership.Keywords: ASEAN; strategic partnership; security; economy; political; ASEAN-Russia Summit 2016; sochiAbstrakArtikel ini mencoba untuk menguraikan dampak kerjasama antara ASEAN-Rusia dalam bidang keamanan ,ekonomi dan politik. Bagaimana cara meningkatkan hubungan bilateral antar kedua negara dan membawa dampak positif bagi kedua negara. ASEAN sering dianggap sebagai kasus paragon dari suksesnya kerjasama keamanan regional dan memberikan kontribusi prestasinya di bidang ekonomi, sosial budaya dan keamanan politik. Dalam beberapa tahun terakhir, ASEAN mencoba menciptakan banyak hubungan eksternal dengan negara lain dan Rusia adalah salah satunya. ASEAN ingin menjalin hubungan timbal balik dengan negara-negara lain dan memecahkan masalah regional yang terjadi di banyak negara. Ekonomi dan keamanan politik akan menjadi isu utama untuk kerja sama ini. ASEAN dan Rusia memulai hubungan bilateral mereka untuk waktu yang lama namun hubungan ekonomi seperti perdagangan masih rendah karena itu mereka berusaha keras untuk berkembang. Setelah KTT ASEAN 2016 di Sochi, Rusia pada tanggal 19-21 Mei banyak kesepakatan telah ditandatangani dan banyak pihak menantikan dampak dari kemitraan ini.Kata Kunci: ASEAN; kemitraan strategis; keamanan; ekonomi: politik; KTT ASEAN-Rusia 2016; soch

    In Suspension: Memory of Indonesian Migrant Women Returnees in Cities

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    This paper attempts to propose new ways to understand Indonesian migrant women workers and their lives, particularly at the intersection of memory and urban life. I explore the role of memory in the urban life of Indonesian migrant women returnees by examining the ways in which their memory affects seemingly mundane yet central details of their new life and opens up a space to expose and disrupt the workings of state and society that pushes women into the margin. Focusing on a growing number of migrant women who are settling themselves in urban areas upon completing their work overseas, I consider how their memory, suspended in the present, contributes to normalizing the anomaly by confronting and refusing public articulations of power vis-a-vis the feminine and the rural in Indonesia

    THE ROHINGYA CRISIS AND INTERNATIONAL DISPLACED AGGRESSION IN INDONESIA

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    This article seeks to analyze the social situation in Indonesia, where the conflict that occurred overseas manifested into violent actions against person or group within the country, who is considered to have a similar identity with overseas perpetrators. This pattern of violence is perpetrated against minority groups in Indonesia who have no involvement in conflict abroad. Some impacts of the Rohingya crisis in Indonesia are ranging from forced closure threat to Vihara in Medan, a demonstration on Buddhist religious symbols, beating against a Buddhist monk, and even bomb terror in Vihara. In social psychology theory, this violence is part of Freud's Defense Mechanism theory called Displacement. Furthermore, to answer why this displaced aggression can occur in Indonesia, I use Social Identity theory that the reductionist view of singular affiliation creates a gap in understanding of 'Self' and 'Other.' It then creates an intergroup bias when individuals tend to prioritize their group (in-group) compared to other groups (out-group). At last, this situation also reaffirms the concept of imagined community by Benedict Anderson

    Projecting the Intramural ASEAN Norms into Extramural Terrain - Constructivism: Does TAC Work in the South China Sea?

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    Abstract: This article examines the role of ASEAN's norms in managing dispute over the South China Sea.ASEAN shares the beliefs that the settlement of differences or disputes by peaceful means and the abandonmentof the threat or use of force are necessary to ensure the stability over the region. It attempts to analyze thepossibility of exporting this intramural norm of ASEAN's model of dispute settlement into an extramural terrainand seeks to answer the question whether ASEAN's norm of cooperation can alter claimants' perception towardseach other, and thus in return will constrain the urge to solve the dispute by force.Keywords : ASEAN norm, ASEAN's model of dispute settlements, TAC, South China Sea, Chin

    The Democratic Peace Theory and Its Problems

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    This essay discusses the democratic peace theory from the prespective of both its proponents and opponents. The puzzle of the democratic peace theory has long been debated methodologically and empirically. Both have a strong argument to support their views, however. This essay highlights the debate by focusing on three problems of the democratic peace theory. First, the differences of the definitions of democracy, war, and peace that demonstrates the lack of robustness in the democratic peace theory. Second, democracy by force has often failed to establish peace whether international or domestic peace and therefore the promotion of democarcy around the world have been seen as a justification of democratic intervention to other sovereign states. Third, the democratic peace theory does not always apply in new emerging democratic countries. As a result, it raises a question whether the democratic peace theory or an ideology

    Apple Role through Fair Labour Association (FLA) in order to Fixing Foxconn's Sweatshop in China

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    In 2010, there is several news about suicides at Foxconn's factory in ShenZhen, China, a plant that assembles iPhones, iPods, and iPads for Apple. In order to fix this sweatshop practice in its chain, Apple make affliliateswith independent labor monitoring organizations engaged by the Fair Labour Association (FLA) as participating company. In FLA charter stated that the member should adopted a "Workplace Code of Conduct". The FLA Workplace Code of Conduct defines labor standards that aim to achieve decent and humane working conditions. FLA conducts independent assesments of a random sample of companies' supplier factories such as the three Foxconn facilities in Longhua, Guanlan and Chengdu to investigates the situation in Foxconn. Based on assessment, FLA founded that the condition in Foxconn's factories, there is several violation on FLA Code Standard. FLA has made a series of recommendations to Apple and Foxconn, which is in immediate action required and sustainable remediation required. Thus, Apple released Supplier Responsibility Standards to make a standard for its own supply chain including Foxconn to meet several acquirements in order to prevent sweatshop's practice
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