43,845 research outputs found
Do physical work factors and musculoskeletal complaints contribute to the intention to leave or actual dropout in student nurses?
_Background:_ Little is known, whether physical workload and musculoskeletal complaints (MSCs) have an impact on the intended or actual dropout of nursing students in the later years of their degree program.
_Purpose:_ Studying the determinants of intention to leave and actual dropout from nursing education. We hypothesized that physical workload and MSCs are positively associated with these outcomes.
_Methods:_ A prospective cohort study among 711 third-year students at a Dutch Bachelor of Nursing degree program. Multivariable backward binary logistic regression was used to examine the association between physical work factors and MSCs, and intention to leave or actual dropout.
_Results:_ Intention to leave was 39.9% and actual dropout 3.4%. Of the nursing students, 79% had regular MSCs. The multivariable model for intention to leave showed a significant association with male sex, working at a screen, physical activity, decision latitude, co-worker support, distress and need for recovery. The multivariable model for dropout showed a significant association with living situation (not living with parents), male sex, sick leave during academic year and decision latitude.
_Conclusions:_ Our research shows that the prevalence of MSCs among nursing students is surprisingly high, but is not associated with intention to leave nor with actual dropout
Cognition and Incentives in Cooperatives
We extend the results of Feng and Hendrikse (2012) by investigating the relationship between cognition and incentives in cooperatives versus investor-owned firms (IOFs) in a multi-tasking principal-agent model. The principal chooses the incentive intensity as well as the precision of monitoring, while the agent chooses the activities. We establish that a cooperative is uniquely efficient when either the synergy between the upstream and downstream activities or the knowledgeability of the members regarding the cooperative enterprise is sufficiently high
Diversity matters in the world of finance: does ethnic and religious diversity hinder financial development in developing countries
This paper investigates the relationship between ethnic and religious diversity and financial development by using the data for 102 developing countries. It is widely accepted that financial depth, and the more ready availability of finance, has a central role to play in fostering economic growth. We hypothesize that financial development in developing countries, especially those at the early stages of economic development, may be retarded by pre-existing ethnic and religious diversity, which may produce conflict. However, we believe that this risk can be moderated by sound institutional functioning – including good governance and democracy. Financial depth is measured by M2 and private credit (as a percentage of GDP); the Alesina fragmentation index is used for measuring ethnic and religious diversity, varieties of democracy (VDEM) and the quality of governance datasets. Our results are supportive of our hypothesis that ethnic and religious diversity can indeed hamper financial development; these risks, however, are mitigated by well-functioning institutional arrangement
High-precision Adjuvant Radiotherapy for Early-stage Breast Cancer Patients to Reduce Toxicity and Improve Survival
The risk of long-term toxicity of radiation treatment for early-stage breast cancer can be reduced by using partial breast irradiation, lungsparing and a non-coplanar beam set-up. The drift of the patient during irradaition and the motion of markers relative to the treatment target are important factors for the calculation of the margin required for partial breast irradiation
Demand management for attended home delivery – A literature review
Given the continuing e-commerce boom, home delivery services are becoming increasingly important. From a logistics perspective, attended home deliveries, which require the customer to be present when the purchased goods are delivered, are particularly challenging. To facilitate the delivery, the service provider and the customer typically agree on a specific time window. This step involves the customer directly in the service creation process. In designing the service offering, service providers thus face complex trade-offs between customer preferences and the efficiency of service execution. In this paper, we review these trade-offs and the corresponding literature, focusing on prescriptive analytics, for the case of attended home delivery. We develop a framework organized around different planning levels and demand management levers. Based on this framework, we review available models in the academic literature and discuss research gaps and future research directions
How manufacturing firms respond to energy subsidy reforms?
Energy prices increased several folds due to the 2010 Iranian Energy Subsidy Reform. This study assesses the impact of the reform on the performance of manufacturing firms using a detailed micro-panel dataset at the 4-digit ISIC level for the period 2009 to 2013. Since the reform universally affected all firms, the analysis relies on a quasi-experimental framework implementing first an explorative before-after design with structural fixed-effects and second a difference-in-difference analysis exploiting energy-sensitivity. The subsidy removal caused a shrinkage in output and manufacturing value-added of at least 3 and 7%, respectively. This results in a deterioration of profits by nearly 9%. Manufacturing firms have been affected through three channels: increasing costs of direct energy inputs, pass-through costs for inputs from upstream firms and an energy-price-induced demand contraction. To successfully implement an energy subsidy reform while maintaining growth in the manufacturing sector, not only the direct but also the indirect, pass-through effects have to be considered since capital or technology-led responses to mitigate negative repercussions in the short-run are unlikely at large scale. The results can inform price reforms that aim to mitigate climate change
Automatic detection of actionable findings and communication mentions in radiology reports using natural language processing
__Objectives:__ To develop and validate classifiers for automatic detection of actionable findings and documentation of nonroutine communication in routinely delivered radiology reports.
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Necessary Condition Analysis (NCA) with R (version 3.2.0)
Necessary Condition Analysis (NCA) is an approach and data analysis technique for identifying necessary conditions in datasets. It can complement traditional regression-based data analysis as well as methods like QCA (see [the NCA website](https://www.erim.nl/nca) for more information on NCA). This guide helps a novice user without knowledge of R or NCA to install the free R and NCA software on the user’s computer and to perform an NCA analysis within 15 minutes. The main instructions are:
I. Install R
II. Install NCA
III. Load data
IV. Run NCA.
Details of the method can be found in:
- Dul, J. (2016) Necessary Condition Analysis (NCA). Logic and Methodology of 'Necessary but not Sufficient' causality. *Organizational Research Methods* 19(1), 10-52. [Sage](https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/pdf/10.1177/1094428115584005)
- Dul, J. (2020), *Conducting Necessary Condition Analysis*, Sage Publications, ISBN: 9781526460141. [Sage](https://uk.sagepub.com/en-gb/eur/conducting-necessary-condition-analysis-for-business-and-management-students/book262898)
- Dul, J., van der Laan, E., & Kuik, R. (2020). A statistical significance test for Necessary Condition Analysis. *Organizational Research Methods*, 23(2), 385-395.
[Sage](https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/1094428118795272
A Comparative Perspective on the Protection of Hate Crime Victims in the European Union
Hate crime victims involved in a criminal procedure experience difficulties that are different from problems encountered by other victims. In trying to meet the specific procedural needs of hate crime victims many EU Member States have introduced protective measures and services in criminal proceedings, but the adopted approaches are widely disparate. By reporting the results of an EU-wide comparative survey into hate crime victims within national criminal procedures the authors aim to: (1) make an inventory of the national (legal) definitions of hate crime and the protection measures available (on paper) for hate crime victims; and (2) critically discuss certain national choices, inter alia by juxtaposing the procedural measures to the procedural needs of hate crime victims to see if there are any lacunae from a victimological perspective. The authors conclude that the Member States should consider expanding their current corpus of protection measures in order to address some of the victims’ most urgent needs
Demand Management for Attended Home Delivery – A Literature Review
Given the continuing e-commerce boom, home delivery services are becoming increasingly important.
From a logistics perspective, attended home deliveries, which require the customer to be present when
the purchased goods are delivered, are particularly challenging. To facilitate the delivery, the service
provider and the customer typically agree on a specific time window. This step involves the customer
directly in the service creation process. In designing the service offering, service providers thus face
complex trade-offs between customer preferences and the efficiency of service execution. In this
paper, we review these trade-offs and the corresponding literature, focusing on prescriptive analytics,
for the case of attended home delivery. We develop a framework organized around different planning
levels and demand management levers. Based on this framework, we review available models in the
academic literature and discuss research gaps and future research directions
- …