59,209 research outputs found

    Recurrence of Preeclampsia in Northern Tanzania: A Registry-based Cohort Study.

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    Preeclampsia occurs in about 4 per cent of pregnancies worldwide, and may have particularly serious consequences for women in Africa. Studies in western countries have shown that women with preeclampsia in one pregnancy have a substantially increased risk of preeclampsia in subsequent pregnancies. We estimate the recurrence risks of preeclampsia in data from Northern Tanzania. A prospective cohort study was designed using 19,811 women who delivered singleton infants at a hospital in Northern Tanzania between 2000 and 2008. A total of 3,909 women were recorded with subsequent deliveries in the hospital with follow up through 2010. Adjusted recurrence risks of preeclampsia were computed using regression models. The absolute recurrence risk of preeclampsia was 25%, which was 9.2-fold (95% CI: 6.4 - 13.2) compared with the risk for women without prior preeclampsia. When there were signs that the preeclampsia in a previous pregnancy had been serious either because the baby was delivered preterm or had died in the perinatal period, the recurrence risk of preeclampsia was even higher. Women who had preeclampsia had increased risk of a series of adverse pregnancy outcomes in future pregnancies. These include perinatal death (RR= 4.3), a baby with low birth weight (RR= 3.5), or a preterm birth (RR= 2.5). These risks were only partly explained by recurrence of preeclampsia. Preeclampsia in one pregnancy is a strong predictor for preeclampsia and other adverse pregnancy outcomes in subsequent pregnancies in Tanzania. Women with previous preeclampsia may benefit from close follow-up during their pregnancies

    Economic integration and redistribuitive taxation

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    We set up a simple political economy model where economic integration raises the profitability of multinational firms. In this setting redistributive taxation may rise following economic integration, if the effects of the widened income gap dominate the higher excess burden of the tax

    The Cosmic Causal Mass

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    In order to provide a better understanding of rotating universe models, and in particular the G\"{o}del universe, we discuss the relationship between cosmic rotation and perfect inertial dragging. In this connection, the concept of \emph{causal mass} is defined in a cosmological context, and discussed in relation to the cosmic inertial dragging effect. Then, we calculate the mass inside the particle horizon of the flat Λ\LambdaCDM-model integrated along the past light cone. The calculation shows that the Schwarzschild radius of this mass is around three times the radius of the particle horizon. This indicates that there is close to perfect inertial dragging in our universe. Hence, the calculation provides an explanation for the observation that the swinging plane of a Foucault pendulum follows the stars.Comment: 17 pages, 3 figure

    Classical well-posedness in dispersive equations with nonlinearities of mild regularity, and a composition theorem in Besov spaces

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    For both localized and periodic initial data, we prove local existence in classical energy space Hs,s>32H^s, s>\frac{3}{2}, for a class of dispersive equations ut+(n(u))x+Lux=0u_{t}+(n(u))_{x}+Lu_{x}=0 with nonlinearities of mild regularity. Our results are valid for symmetric Fourier multiplier operators LL whose symbol is of temperate growth, and n()n(\cdot) in local Sobolev space Hlocs+2(R)H^{s+2}_{\mathrm{loc}}(\mathbb{R}). In particular, the results include non-smooth and exponentially growing nonlinearities. Our proof is based on a combination of semi-group methods and a new composition result for Besov spaces. In particular, we extend a previous result for Nemytskii operators on Besov spaces on R\mathbb{R} to the periodic setting by using the difference-derivative characterization of Besov spaces

    Quantum Phase Slips in one-dimensional Josephson Junction Chains

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    We have studied quantum phase-slip (QPS) phenomena in long one-dimensional Josephson junction series arrays with tunable Josephson coupling. These chains were fabricated with as many as 2888 junctions, where one sample had a tunable weak link in the middle. Measurements were made of the zero-bias resistance, R0R_0, as well as current-voltage characteristics (IVC). The finite R0R_0 is explained by QPS and shows an exponential dependence on EJ/EC\sqrt{E_J/E_C} with a distinct change in the exponent at R0=RQ=h/4e2R_0=R_Q=h/4e^2. When R0>RQR_0 > R_Q the IVC clearly shows a remnant of the Coulomb blockade, which evolves to a zero-current state with a sharp critical voltage as EJE_J is tuned to a smaller value. The zero-current state below the critical voltage is due to coherent QPS and we show that these are enhanced at the central weak link. Above the critical voltage a negative differential resistance is observed which nearly restores the zero-current state

    Punitive Damages in Mass Tort Litigation: Addressing the Problems of Fairness, Efficiency, and Control

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    Oppgaven vår tok utgangspunkt i et helsebygg på Otta (som for øyeblikket er under prosjektering hos Palm & Bratlie). Bygget har en grunnflate på ca.350 m2. Det skal i første omgang bygges i to etasjer, men det prosjekteres for et mulig påbygg av en tredje etasje. Hovedmålet vårt med dette prosjektet var å finne et bæresystem som tilfredsstiller dimensjonerende krav og som, så langt det er hensiktsmessig, lar seg plassere i forhold til romløsning iht. arkitekttegningene. Vi skulle vurdere noen ulike aktuelle bæresystem for deretter å velge det bæresystemet vi fant mest hensiktsmessig i det aktuelle bygget. Deretter skulle det valgte bæresystemet dimensjoneres og det skulle utarbeides DAK tegninger av løsningen

    When emotional intelligence affects peoples' perception of trustworthiness

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    By adopting social exchange theory and the affect-infusion-model, the hypothesis is made that emotional intelligence (EI) will have an impact on three perceptions of trustworthiness – ability, integrity and benevolence – at the beginning of a relationship. It was also hypothesized that additional information would gradually displace EI in forming the above perceptions. The results reveal that EI initially does not contribute to any of the perceptions of trustworthiness. As more information is revealed EI has an impact on the perception of benevolence, but not on the perceptions of ability and integrity. This impact was observed to be negative when the nature of the information was negative. On the other hand, information alone was shown to have a significant impact on the perceptions of ability and integrity, but not on the perception of benevolence. Theoretical and practical implications of the findings are addressed

    Quandle cohomology is a Quillen cohomology

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    We show that the cohomology groups usually associated with racks and quandles agree with the Quillen cohomology groups for the algebraic theories of racks and quandles, respectively. We also explain how this makes available the entire range of tools that comes with a Quillen homology theory, such as long exact sequences (transitivity) and excision isomorphisms (flat base change).Comment: 27 pages, to appear in Trans. Amer. Math. So

    Organic and conventional public food procurement for youth in Denmark – a national overview

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    This report is a mapping of the activities within public procurement of organic food for youth in Denmark, with a special focus on school meals. In Denmark, it is voluntary whether local municipalities or schools arrange school meals or not. Over time, more and more schools or municipalities choose to establish school meal systems, but these vary extensively in the way they are organized, what kind of food is served, and how they are financed. This report includes an overall mapping of the different ways of organizing school meals and their dissemination. Organic food has also been increasingly debated in relation to public procurement for children and youth. Whether the subject of organic food is discussed and implemented depends on the local values, goals, resources and politics. Hence there are municipalities and institutions with no organic food at all, while others have an organic share of more than 90 %. This is particularly in the municipalities situated in the Greater Copenhagen area, and the Green cities cooperation. These cases are briefly described in the report, along with a short mapping of other municipalities using organic food in meals for daycare institutions or schools. The report was produced in the iPOPY project, “innovative Public Organic food Procurement for Youth”. Similar reports have been produced for the other iPOPY countries; Norway, Finland and Italy
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