74,519 research outputs found

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    Developing anti-icing and anti-frosting technology is vital for many different energy generation and consumption systems such as wind turbines, aircraft and heat exchangers, where ice and frost formation is a barrier for efficiency and can severely damage infrastructure and injure people. This work investigates anti-icing and anti-frosting properties of aluminium hierarchical structures with varying geometric parameters. These structures consisted of micro-milled microstructures with nanoscale roughness due to the milling. Fixed-pitch and gradient-pitch structures were tested, the latter of which have not been tested for ice adhesion previously. The structures are characterised for their geometric and surface wetting properties using a scanning electron microscope and a goniometer respectively, then tested for anti-icing properties using a force probe and anti-frosting properties using a wind tunnel with Peltier cooling. Both systems were custom built for this purpose. These aluminium surfaces rely only on topographic modifications - no lubricants, coatings or polymers, which tend to be prone to damage and impractical to reapply in many applications. It was found that these gradient-pitch microstructures had equivalent or better anti-icing/anti-frosting performance than the fixed-pitch structures for both ice adhesion and frosting delay

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    Infopreneurship amongst library professionals has the potential to provide income to support salary paid job, which could guarantee financial satisfaction. However, the review of literature found little or no research has been done on infopreneurial practices among library professionals in Nigeria. In a bid to carrying out this focus, this study adopted the descriptive survey design. The population comprised forty-one (41) library professionals from three tertiary institutions. The total enumeration sampling technique was used to study all respondents for the study. A self-structured questionnaire was the instrument used for data collection. Data gathered were analysed using descriptive (frequency, percentage & mean) and inferential statistics (Pearson product-moment correlation). Findings revealed that library professionals earn commission in infopreneurship through information creation but not in information trafficking and services. The purpose for engaging in infopreneurship was leadership experience, Self-Development, Library education and training practice, socialization and moneymaking. Some benefits such as greater self-confidence, knowledge gain, impacted people’s lives, sense of fulfilment, financial independence and Recognition were found to be benefits of infopreneurship. The study concluded by noting that infopreneurship can be employed to assist library professionals in their development. Necessary support on possible means of developing infopreneurial skills of library personnel was recommended

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    The support of distributed energy resources (DERs) for providing operational flexibility can be beneficial from the transmission system operators' (TSOs') viewpoint. Despite all opportunities, using DERs within an active distribution network (ADN) for providing flexibility brings operational challenges such as lines congestions and excessive voltage deviations management. Moreover, there are information asymmetries challenges for coordinating the DERs specifically when the strategic aggregators are introduced to manage them. In this paper, a local coordinating mechanism is proposed for the strategic aggregators to provide the operational flexibility. This paper furthers efforts toward proposing an iterative distributed algorithm converging to the Nash equilibrium (NE) of the non-cooperative game incorporated in the proposed mechanism. To validate the performance of the proposed mechanism, the IEEE 33 nodes radial distribution network is considered for a case study. The efficiency of the obtained NE and the proposed iterative distributed algorithm are thoroughly analyzed in the case study

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    Background: The two main primate groups recorded throughout the European Miocene, hominoids and pliopithecoids, seldom co-occur. Due to both their rarity and insufficiently understood palaeoecology, it is currently unclear whether the infrequent co-occurrence of these groups is due to sampling bias or reflects different ecological preferences. Here we rely on the densely sampled primate-bearing sequence of Abocador de Can Mata (ACM) in Spain to test whether turnovers in primate assemblages are correlated with palaeoenvironmental changes. We reconstruct dietary evolution through time (ca. 12.6–11.4 Ma), and hence climate and habitat, using tooth-wear patterns and carbon and oxygen isotope compositions of enamel of the ubiquitous musk-deer Micromeryx. Results: Our results reveal that primate species composition is strongly correlated with distinct environmental phases. Large-bodied hominoids (dryopithecines) are recorded in humid, densely-forested environments on the lowermost portion of the ACM sequence. In contrast, pliopithecoids inhabited less humid, patchy ecosystems, being replaced by dryopithecines and the small-bodied Pliobates toward the top of the series in gallery forests embedded in mosaic environments. Conclusions: These results support the view that pliopithecoid primates preferred less humid habitats than hominoids, and reveal that differences in behavioural ecology were the main factor underpinning their rare co-occurrence during the European Miocene. Our findings further support that ACM hominoids, like Miocene apes as a whole, inhabited more seasonal environments than extant apes. Finally, this study highlights the importance of high-resolution, local investigations to complement larger-scale analyses and illustrates that continuous and densely sampled fossiliferous sequences are essential for deciphering the complex interplay between biotic and abiotic factors that shaped past diversity

    Noninvasive Intratumoral Pharmacokinetics Of Cisplatin and Carboplatin. - Page 118

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    Amaç – Araştırmada Y kuşağı algısının kariyer eğilimleri üzerindeki etkisinin belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Yöntem – Türkiye Golf Federasyonu'na bağlı kademe 1, kademe 2 veya kademe 3 antrenörlük belgesine sahip İstanbul Avrupa yakasında ikamet eden 70 kişiden basit tesadüfi örnekleme yöntemi yoluyla elde edilen veriler üzerinden regresyon analizi gerçekleştirilmiştir. Araştırmanın amacına uygun olarak, Y Kuşağı Algısı ve Kariyer Eğilimi arasındaki ilişkileri incelemek için Pearson Korelasyon testi kullanılmıştır. Y kuşağı algılarının, kariyer eğilimi alt boyutlarına olan etkileri ise Çoklu Regresyon Analizi uygulanarak test edilmiştir. SPSS 25.0 istatistik paket programı kullanılarak analizler gerçekleştirilmiştir. Bulgular – Yapılan analizlerin sonuçları Y kuşağında teknoloji kullanımı artarken, bağımsızlık ve rekabetçilik kariyer eğilimlerinin artacağı; proaktiflik arttığında, yönetimsel becerilerin, güvenlik ve istikrar düzeyinin artacağı; sosyallik arttığında, girişimcilik, yönetimsel, güvenlik/istikrar ve rekabetçilik düzeyinin artacağı yönündedir. Tartışma – İşletmeler Y Kuşağı çalışanlarına yaratıcılıklarını arttıracak yeni projelere katılımları, inisiyatif alarak kararlara katılım sağlamaları, iş başı ve iş dışı eğitim yöntemleri ile yaratıcılıklarını ortaya koyabilmeleri veya arttırabilmeleri için eğitim geliştirme faaliyetlerine destek sağlamalı; personeli elde tutma ve işletmeye çekme stratejilerini ve sonrasında onları uzun süreli istihdam edebilmek için Y Kuşağının taleplerine uygun insan kaynakları yönetimi politikaları doğrultusunda geliştirmelidir

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    The tissue engineering field and regenerative medicine has emerged as a promising strategy to overcome the lack of availability of organs and tissue grafts for transplantation. One of the main challenges in the field is to generate tissue analogues of relevant size with adequate nutrient and oxygen supply that promote graft integration and long-term functionality. The main strategies to promote tissue vascularisation are to either deliver bioactive cues such as growth factors (GFs), which attract the host vessels towards the area of interest, or to directly generate tissue analogues including a vessel network that can anastomose with the host blood vessels after implantation. This thesis aims to develop novel platforms to improve tissue vascularisation by delivering GFs and generating in vitro vascularised tissues. Firstly, a literature review summarises the main strategies to deliver GFs and to generate in vitro vascularised tissues, together with their present limitations for clinical translation. Next, a GF delivery system based on tyraminated poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA-Tyr) is developed, which has the ability to covalently incorporate a range of native GFs and then release them in a controlled profile and during a tailorable time frame. The flexibility of this GF delivery system allowed its adaptation to the revascularisation of the femoral head in an in vivo model of avascular necrosis, which was done by adjusting the incorporated GF, the GF release time, the cell-material interactions of the system and its delivery method. This research is followed by the development of a gelatin-norbornene (Gel-NOR) platform that allows biofabrication of large vascularised tissues. The fabricated tissues combined a controllable pore structure, which mimicked larger vessels in native tissues, with encapsulated endothelial cells that were able to assemble into micro-capillary structures, mimicking the capillary beds in native tissues. These fabricated tissues were used as a model to study how design parameters can affect the behaviour of endothelial cells, demonstrating that pore diameter and fibre diameter could have an impact on the ability of endothelial cells to form micro-capillaries. Finally, the developed platforms were combined using bioassembly, which allowed understanding how different cell arrangements can affect endothelial cell behaviour within fabricated scaffolds and to develop tissue analogues that combine GF delivery with pre-vascularisation techniques. Overall, this thesis combines materials chemistry and design with advanced fabrication techniques to develop new strategies that address current limitations in the field of tissue vascularisation

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    This report reviews international experience in the development of online legal information and self-help (OLISH) provided by government, community organisations, and social enterprises. It uses this experience to examine how OLISH might best be deployed in Aotearoa New Zealand to help narrow the justice gap. It also examines the context and processes that have driven the development of OLISH in other jurisdictions and how this experience might apply in Aotearoa

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    Objectives. To examine the association between wage-setting policy and food insecurity. Methods. We estimated multilevel regression models, using data from the Gallup World Poll (2014–2017) and UCLA’s World Policy Analysis Center, to examine the association between wage setting policy and food insecurity across 139 countries (n = 492 078). Results. Compared with countries with little or no minimum wage, the probability of being food insecure was 0.10 lower (95% confidence interval = 0.02, 0.18) in countries with collective bargaining. However, these associations varied across employment status. More generous wage-setting policies (e.g., collective bargaining or high minimum wages) were associated with lower food insecurity among full-time workers (and, to some extent, part-time workers) but not those who were unemployed. Conclusions. In countries with generous wage-setting policies, employed adults had a lower risk of food insecurity, but the risk of food insecurity for the unemployed was unchanged. Wage-setting policies may be an important intervention for addressing risks of food insecurity among low-income workers.</p
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