1,438 research outputs found

    First report of Fusarium avenaceum causing branch canker on pear in Turkey

    Get PDF
    Pear (Pyrus communis) is an important fruit crop in Turkey. In May 2021, canker lesions were observed in pruning wounds on approximately 70% of the pear trees cultivar Deveci in a fve-year-old orchard in Bursa province, Turkey. Disease symptoms were twig blight, brownish bark and branch canker. Twenty small pieces from branch lesions were surface disinfected with 1% NaOCl solution for 3 min and placed on potato dextrose agar. Petri dishes were incubated for 10 days at 23 °C. All colonies were Fusarium-like with the production of a yellow to rose pigment and a dark pink to red reverse with abundant white aerial mycelium

    Conjuncted fertılızatıon regımes boost seed yıeld and chemıcal composıtıon of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.)

    No full text
    In the frame of sustainable farming systems to decrease chemical fertilizers use and protect the environment , organic fertilization regimes hold potential as an alternative strategy to supply essential nutrients to crops. A field trial was conducted to sort out the most superior fertilization regime for boosting sunflower production and quality under semi-arid conditions. Treatments included chemical fertilizer (Cf) (80 kg N ha(-1) and 80 kg P205 ha(-1)), manure from sheep barn manure (MSB) (5161 kg ha(-1)), manure from cattle barn (MCB) (4878 kg ha(-1)), liquid manure from cattle barn (LMCB) (27580 kg ha(-1)) and vermicompost (VCm) (4000 kg ha(-1)), while a control treatment was kept for comparison purpose. The randomized complete block design (RCBD) with regular arrangement was implied to execute the experiment having three replications. The results exhibited that MSB outperformed rest of fertilization regimes for plant height and leaf number. In contrast, the maximum 1000 seed weight and seed yield were recorded by LMCB. The MCB remained unmatched for protein content, while no significant effect of fertilization regimes was recorded for oil content. Regarding chemical composition, control exhibited the maximum palmitic and stearic acids, while MSB gave the highest arachidic acid

    Experimental investigation on thermo hydraulic performance of ferronanofluid flow in a dimpled tube under magnetic field effect

    No full text
    Active and passive techniques have been utilized together to enhance heat transfer in this study. The ferronanofluid, magnetic field, and dimpled tube have not been utilized together in the literature so far. Regarding this issue, this investigation is the first experimental study to specify the effect of use of these three effects simultaneously. The concept of this study is to determine the thermo-hydraulic performance of Fe3O4/H2O flow inside a dimpled tube under magnetic field effect. Constant and uniform heat flux of 4500 W/m2 has been applied on the surface of the tube. The work aims to gain data in the range of laminar flow (1131≤ Re≤2102) in the dimpled tube. Dimple geometry with pitch ratio of P/d = 3.75, magnetic field (B = 0.03 ≤ T ≤ 0.16), and nanoparticle volume fraction of 1.0% are the base variables. The results showed that Nusselt number increases with increasing Reynolds number and magnetic field intensity. The highest increase in Nusselt number is obtained as 115.31% compared with the distilled water flow in the smooth tube for the case of magnetic field intensity of 0.3 T. The highest Performance Evaluation Criteria value is also determined as 1.44 for the case of ferronanofluid flow in dimpled tube at Re = 1131 in absence of magnetic field

    Marker-assisted selection and validation of DNA markers associated with cadmium content in durum wheat germplasm

    No full text
    Cadmium (Cd) is a non-essential heavy metal having toxic effects on all living organisms. Durum wheat (Triticum durum Desf.) is widely used in human diets but has the potential to accumulate Cd. It also has a high level of genetic diversity, which may be exploited to develop cultivars with low Cd content. We aimed to perform marker-assisted selection and validate previously identified Cd markers in durum wheat germplasm for use in the investigation of accessions that accumulate low grain Cd content. We assessed 130 durum wheat accessions phenotypically and using three different molecular markers. Grain Cd contents of the studied germplasm varied 4.91-fold (26.2-128.7 pg/kg) with an average of 58.2 mu g/kg. Landraces showed lower average values of grain Cd content than cultivars. Three molecular markers (usw47, Cad-5B and KASP marker Cad-5B) were used to differentiate high and low Cd accumulating lines. Results showed high correlation and successfully classified the accessions to the expected high or low Cd level; 87 accessions showed the low Cd alleles, and 43 accessions the high Cd alleles, except for five accessions with the usw47 marker that showed heterozygous status. A significant correlation coefficient (r = 0.944*) was observed among the three molecular markers. Based on molecular markers, 96.2% of the accessions were classified accurately. The KASP assay was highly effective in successfully separating low from high Cd content accessions and could be used as a molecular tool in durum wheat breeding programs, with less cost and time, targeting reduced grain Cd levels. The results of this study will allow durum wheat breeders to accelerate their progress to select suitable genotypes with the desired alleles

    Study of quark and gluon jet substructure in Z plus jet and dijet events from pp collisions

    No full text
    Measurements of jet substructure describing the composition of quark- and gluon-initiated jets are presented. Proton-proton (pp) collision data at root s = 13 TeV collected with the CMS detector are used, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 35.9 fb(-1). Generalized angularities are measured that characterize the jet substructure and distinguish quark- and gluon-initiated jets. These observables are sensitive to the distributions of transverse momenta and angular distances within a jet. The analysis is performed using a data sample of dijet events enriched in gluon-initiated jets, and, for the first time, a Z+jet event sample enriched in quark-initiated jets. The observables are measured in bins of jet transverse momentum, and as a function of the jet radius parameter. Each measurement is repeated applying a "soft drop" grooming procedure that removes soft and large angle radiation from the jet. Using these measurements, the ability of various models to describe jet substructure is assessed, showing a clear need for improvements in Monte Carlo generators

    Direct conversion of alkaline earth metal hydroxides and sulfates to carbonates in ammonia solutions

    Get PDF
    : In this study, the direct conversion behaviors of different alkaline earth metal solids (the hydroxides and the sulfates of alkaline earth metals Ca, Sr, Ba and Mg) to their corresponding carbonates in dissolved carbonate-containing pregnant solutions obtained by direct leaching of a smithsonite (ZnCO3) ore sample in aqueous ammonia solutions having different concentrations (4 M, 8 M and 13.3 M NH3) were investigated by using X-ray diffraction analyses at alkaline earth metal to dissolved carbonate mole ratios of 1:1 and 1:2, for revealing the conversion possibilities of dissolved carbonate in the pregnant solutions to solid carbonate by-products. The results of direct conversion experiments showed that Ca(OH)2, CaSO4·2H2O, Sr(OH)2·8H2O and Ba(OH)2·8H2O converted to their corresponding carbonates, SrSO4 partially converted to SrCO3 as observed by the presence of unreacted SrSO4 peaks in X-ray diffraction patterns of the converted solids, and BaSO4 did not convert to BaCO3 because of its lower solubility with respect to BaCO3. On the other hand, it was observed that Mg(OH)2 did not convert to MgCO3, but MgSO4·7H2O converted dominantly to an uncommon phase, which was tentatively identified as Mg5Zn3(CO3)2(OH)12·H2O. In the study, a complete discussion on the conversion behaviors of alkaline earth metal solids to their corresponding carbonates was given considering the differences between their solubility product constants and the changes in the free energies of the theoretical conversion reactions. In addition, infrared spectra and scanning electron microscope images of some of the converted solids were also presented for characterization purposes

    Investigation the Performance of Cr-Doped ZnO Nanocrystalline Thin Film in Photodiode Applications

    Get PDF
    Undoped and Cr-doped zinc oxide (ZnO) thin films were deposited on the glass and p-Si substrates by the chemical spray pyrolysis technique. The films were characterized by x-ray diffractometry (XRD) and UV-visible spectrometry, and electrical characterization was achieved by using the films as an interfacial layer between the Au and p-Si. The XRD results confirmed the undoped and Cr-doped ZnO thin film crystalline structures. UV-visible spectra provided the transmittance plots and band gap energy values. I-V measurements were performed on the fabricated Au/ZnO/p-Si and Au/ZnO:Cr/p-Si devices to determine the effect of the ZnO interfacial layer on their performance. Various junction parameters, such as the ideality factor, barrier height, and series resistance, were calculated from the I-V measurements by various techniques, and have been discussed in detail. A 100-mW/cm(2) power intensity light was exposed on the Au/ZnO:Cr/p-Si device to see the photodiode behavior as well as to determine light sensitivity parameters such as photosensitivity and detectivity. The results highlight that the Au/ZnO:Cr/p-Si device can be thought of for optoelectronic application

    LEGU-MED: Developing biodiversity-based agriculture with legume cropping systems in the mediterranean basin

    Get PDF
    Environmental degradation and the decrease of ecosystem service provision are currently of major concern, with current agricultural systems being a major driver. To meet our future environmental and sustainability targets a transformation of the agro-food systems and current agricultural value chain are crucial. One approach to redesign farming systems is the concept of biodiversity-based agriculture (BBA) which relies on sustainable diversification of biological components and their natural interactions in farming systems to maximize fertility, productivity, and resilience to external perturbations. Despite minimizing anthropogenic inputs, BBA is not yet able to meet all beneficial environmental objectives. BBA applied in the Mediterranean basin requires urgent innovation in approaches, methodologies, and models for small-holder traditional farming systems to ensure a stable provision of ecosystem services and better resilience to environmental stresses linked to climate change. Legumes are the backbone of the Mediterranean agro-ecosystems from ancient times, but their unique and wide biodiversity was not sufficiently valorized, especially by North-African countries. Here, we present LEGU-MED, a three-year international project funded by PRIMA initiative 2019. An international consortium was established involving five universities, 5 research institutes, and one private company from 8 countries: Italy, Germany, Spain, Algeria, Tunisia, Turkey, Lebanon, and Croatia. The main objective of this project is to put forward an international and well-integrated plan to valorize the legume agrobiodiversity of the Mediterranean in biodiversity-based farming systems and consequently enhance agro-ecosystem functions and services in the Mediterranean basin. The successful completion of LEGU-MED will have the following impacts on Mediterranean legume-based farming systems: (1) improve water use efficiency, (2) reduce the use of anthropogenic inputs through the maintenance of soil fertility, (3) enhance pollination and improve ecological connectivity with flora and fauna, (4) protect close-by wildland ecosystems, (5) enhance other ecosystem services (e.g., pest, disease, and weed suppression), and (6) provide healthier and safer protein-rich food

    The potential of providing of electricity consumption of the domestic electric vehicle with solar and wind energy

    Get PDF
    Son yılarda elektrikli araçların dünya genelinde artması paralelinde enerji ihtiyacı da artmıştır. Türkiye bu alana TOGG yerli elektrikli araç (EA) ile hızlı ve başarılı bir giriş yapmayı planlamaktadır. Fakat EA’lerin sayısının artması ile ülkemizin de enerji ihtiyacı artacaktır. Bu araştırmada yerli EA’lerin özelliklerine bağlı olarak araç sayılarına göre günlük ilave elektrik sarfiyatı hesaplanmıştır. Türkiyede dünyadaki gelişmelere bağlı olarak 20 yılın içinde 1 milyon adete ulaşması öngörülmektedir. Bu çalışmadaki yapılan araştırmada 1, 100 bin ve 1 milyon aracın günlük elektrik sarfiyatı hesaplanmıştır. Bu ilave enerji tüketimini güneş enerji ve rüzgâr enerjisi ile karşılanabilme potansiyeli araştırılmıştır. Sonuç olarak ilave elektrik sarfiyatının tamamını potansiyel güneş enerjisi ile karşılamak için yaklaşık 1000 kW gücünde 5 milyon adet güneş paneline ve potansiyel rüzgâr enerjisi ile karşılamak için 2.159 MW gücünde yaklaşık 1390 adet rüzgâr türbinine ihtiyaç olduğu bulunmuştur

    Implementation and Evaluation of the Controllers

    No full text
    To test the proposed methods in a working environment, we created a LabVIEW simulation environment. This simulation environment was used for testing our proposed methods, and real-time applications realized. This would ensure that the algorithm could be easily developed on a real robot on the purpose of path planning and path tracking. All experiments were performed on a 2.40 GHz dual-core system with 16 GB RAM using a combination of LabVIEW and MATLAB. © 2021, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG
    corecore