Zero-dimensional chemical kinetic simulation of ROS/RNSin pulsed pulsed-discharge exposed water

The concentration variations of reactive oxygen/nitrogen species in water, such as H2O2, NO2 −, and NO3 − generated by pulsed-discharge plasma exposure, are calculated using reaction rates of chemical reactions and acid-base equilibrium in water. The calculated concentrations and pH values are in good agreement with measured data within the range where the significant changes of the measured data are observed. The rate constant for ONOOH generation is estimated to be 7.8 × 103 M−2 s−1, and this value is in good agreement with previously reported values. The generation rates of H2O2, NO2 −, and NO3 − are estimated to be 7.70 × 10−7, 4.10 × 10−7, and 1.10 × 10−7 M s−1, respectively

Effect of Co Doping on the Structure and Magnetic Properties of TmMn1-xCoxO3

We report the structure and magnetic properties of Co-doped TmMnO3 polycrystals for Co doping levels of 0 ≤ x ≤ 0.9. TmMnO3 (x = 0) prepared at ambient pressure was hexagonal. Hexagonal and orthorhombic phases coexisted in TmMn1−xCoxO3 for 0 ≤ x < 0.5. We obtained almost single-phase orthorhombic samples with 0.5 ≤ x ≤ 0.9 using complex polymerization. Ferromagnetic orthorhombic TmMn1−xCoxO3 formed upon Co doping. The ionic states of Tm, Mn, and Co were determined through magnetization measurements. The rapid decrease in magnetization for 0.5 ≤ x ≤ 0.7 below about 25 K was explained using a model consisting of a combination of ferromagnetic Mn–Co and paramagnetic Tm sublattices

The Effect of Heat Treatment on Mechanical Properties of Cu-0.93 mass％Ni-0.24 mass％P Alloy

Cu-Ni-P alloys are the typical precipitation-hardening material. Thus, Cu-Ni-P alloys are expected to apply alternative materials for heat-exchanger tubes. Therefore, it was investigated that the effect of isothermal artificial aging and the heat-treatment simulated brazing on mechanical properties of Cu-Ni-P alloy in this study. From Vickers hardness test for each artificial aging time, the peak hardness after aging for 10.8 ks achieved at approximately 130 HV. Furthermore, tensile strength of the peak hardness specimen was shown approximately 250 MPa, which was approximately 60 MPa higher than the specimen as solution heat treated. The nominal strain till fracture with isothermal artificial aging was almost equal to the specimen as solution heat treated. These results suggest saving energy in production process for heat exchangers. Spherical or circular precipitates with 5-10 nm diameters were observed in a material which exhibited the peak hardness by transmission electron microscopy. Furthermore, the hardness of specimen as heat-treatment simulated brazing after solution heat treated was shown approximately 105 HV. The peak hardness and tensile strength of the specimen as performed aged at 498 K for 43.2 ks following with the heat-treatment simulated brazing achieved at approximately 140 HV and 260 MPa, respectively. From these results, it is expected the application to higher-strength tube for heat-exchanger after brazing in a furnace

Concentration dependence of thermal isomerization process of methyl orange in ethanol

The thermal isomerization (TI) rates of methyl orange (MO) and 4-dimethylaminoazobenzene (DMAAB) in ethanol (EtOH) are measured. Usually TI rates of azobenzene dyes are known to be concentration independent. However, the TI rate of MO showed a concentration dependence whereas that of DMAAB did not. The TI rate of DMAAB in EtOH became larger by the addition of alkali halide. This phenomenon is caused mainly by the interaction between DMAAB and cation. MO is a derivative of DMAAB in which one end of the azobenzene is substituted by a SO3-Na+ group. The interaction with the dissociated Na+ ion is considered to be an origin of the concentration dependence of the TI rate of MO

ノルウェー語のアクセントとイントネーション

ノルウェー語南東部方言では、語は主強勢を担う音節を必ず一つ有し、その音節には（主として）「低平調」（アクセント1/Acc1）と「下降調」（Acc2）の二種類の音調が現れる。従来の研究では第一音節に主強勢を有する二音節語に考察の対象がほぼ限定されており、アクセント音調の本質を捉えきれていない。これを踏まえて本研究では、先行研究に欠けていた多音節語や句、文の音調を精査することでアクセントとイントネーションの分離を行い、アクセント対立において真に弁別的な特性の抽出を試みる。その結果、ノルウェー語南東部方言のアクセント対立においては、主強勢を担う音節における下降調の有無のみが真に弁別的であると結論づける（Acc1: 下降無し; Acc2: 下降有り）。Acc1 を語彙レベルで音調を指定しない「無標」と捉えることで、低平調以外の音調が任意で現れる事実や、同系統の言語や諸方言との間の通時的なアクセント対応の説明が可能となる。北海道言語研究会第17回研究例会（2019-03-22

Framed Surfaces in the Euclidean Space

A framed surface is a smooth surface in the Euclidean space with a moving frame.The framed surfaces may have singularities. We treat smooth surfaces with singular points,that is, singular surfaces more directly. By using the moving frame, the basic invariants and curvatures of the framed surface are introduced. Then we show that the existence and uniqueness for the basic invariants of the framed surfaces. We give properties of framed surfaces and typical examples. Moreover, we construct framed surfaces as one-parameter families of Legendre curves along framed curves. We give a criteria for singularities of framed surfaces by using the curvature of Legendre curves and framed curves

Electronic Structure of Cu_(1-x)Ni_xRh_2S_4 and CuRh_2Se_4: Band Structure Calculations, X-ray Photoemission and Fluorescence Measurements

The electronic structure of spinel-type Cu_(1-x)Ni_xRh_2S_4 (x = 0.0, 0.1, 0.3, 0.5, 1.0) and CuRh_2Se_4 compounds has been studied by means of X-ray photoelectron and fluorescent spectroscopy. Cu L_3, Ni L_3, S L_(2,3) and Se M_(2,3) X-ray emission spectra (XES) were measured near thresholds at Beamline 8.0 of the Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory's Advanced Light Source. XES measurements of the constituent atoms of these compounds, reduced to the same binding energy scale, are found to be in excellent agreement with XPS valence bands. The calculated XES spectra which include dipole matrix elements show that the partial density of states reproduce experimental spectra quite well. States near the Fermi level (E_F) have strong Rh d and S(Se) p character in all compounds. In NiRh_2S_4 the Ni 3d states contribute strongly at E_F, whereas in both Cu compounds the Cu 3d bands are only ~1 eV wide and centered ~2.5 eV below E_F, leaving very little 3d character at E_F. The density of states at the Fermi level is less in NiRh_2S_4 than in CuRh_2S_4. This difference may contribute to the observed decrease, as a function of Ni concentration, in the superconducting transition temperature in Cu_(1-x)Ni_xRh_2S_4. The density of states of the ordered alloy Cu_(1/2)Ni_(1/2)Rh_2S_4 shows behavior that is more ``split-band''-like than ``rigid band''-like.Comment: 7 pages of text, 11 trailing figures, updated to fix faulty postscript in Fig.

Charge-Density-Wave Ordering in the Metal-Insulator Transition Compound PrRu4P12

X-ray and electron diffraction measurements on the metal-insulator (M-I) transition compound PrRu$_4$P$_{12}$ have revealed the emergence of a periodic ordering of charge density around the Pr atoms. It is found that the ordering is associated with the onset of a low temperature insulator phase. These conclusions are supported by the facts that the space group of the crystal structure transforms from Im$\bar{3}$ to Pm$\bar{3}$ below the M-I transition temperature and also that the temperature dependence of the superlattice peaks in the insulator phase follows the squared BCS function. The M-I transition could be originated from the perfect nesting of the Fermi surface and/or the instability of the $f$ electrons.Comment: 4 pages, 5 figures, Phys. Rev. B (2004) (in press

Novel Magnetic and Thermodynamic Properties of Thiospinel Compound CuCrZrS4_{4}

We have carried out dc magnetic susceptibility, magnetization and specific heat measurements on thiospinel CuCrZrS$_{4}$. Below $T_{\rm C}^{*} =$ 58 K, dc magnetic susceptibility and magnetization data show ferromagnetic behavior with a small spontaneous magnetization 0.27 $\mu_{\rm B}/$f. u.. In dc magnetic susceptibility, large and weak irreversibilities are observed below $T_{\rm f} =$ 6 K and in the range $T_{\rm f}< T < T_{\rm C}^{*}$ respectively. We found that there is no anomaly as a peak or step in the specific heat at $T_{\rm C}^{*}$.Comment: 11 pages, 4 figure