W.E・グリフィスの明新館における教育活動

Fukui-han wanted a teacher "to establish a scientific school on the American principle and teach the natural sciences". They employed an American science teacher W. E. Griffis in 1871. He taught the school boys chemistry, natural philosophy, French, and German so earnestly. Fukui-han built an American style laboratory for his classes. When he taught chemistry and natural philosophy, he tried having many experiences. Japanese people and the school boys were surprised at the experiment with the oxygen and he wrote in his Diary "exciting work to teach". He planned a chemistry text book for Japanese school boys, for we in those days had not western science textbooks in Japanese. He studied hard good American, Dutch and English Science textbooks, and he tried to arrange for Japanese schoolboys. He used a blackboard at his classes. He called it "the blackboard system of instruction". He explained that it was useful "all the teaching has been by experiments and lectures verbally translated". He used the so called Lancasterian-system when he taught large classes. He wrote to his sister "In school I have organized new classes, setting the assistants to work at teaching, give private lessons to the smartest and best students in German and French in my house and set them to teaching in the schools. His teaching methods and contents were different from Japanese educational style. And Japanese school boys at Meishincan were excited in chemistry and physics experiments. They learned at first western sciences from an American teacher. We don\u27t forget that a science teacher of an American Yatoi played a part in Japanese educational modernization in early Meiji Japan

無散瞳眼底カメラによる高齢者の眼底検査に関する研究

Many countries are experiencing an increase in the average age of the adult population. This has serious implications for the health of the people and it is important to consider the physiological changes and diseases associated with age. A majour disease related to age is hypertension, a disease connected to lifestyles, which has steadily increased. In order to check whether the circulatory organs were functioning properly.a measurement of blood pressure was usually used. In this study we substituted the funduscopy for blood pressure. Funduscopy using a non mydriasis retinal camera is easy and useful to check the function of circulatory organs. The subjects were residents of Yoshimi, Saitama prefecture, who visited Arakawa-so, and who were aged from 60 to 80 years old. Twenty-nine healthy subjects, 6 were in their 60\u27s, with the remaining 23 being in their 70\u27s do some work on their own farms. In the subjects, approximately 45% showed signs of abnormal retina. Compared with retina measured in the health examinations of aging subjects working in a factory, the residents showed signs of abnormality in greater proportion. This abnormality enabled us to infer the disorder in circulatory organs of aging workers in Yoshimi