790 research outputs found

    Exploring nonconscious behaviour change interventions on mobile devices

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    Modern cognitive psychology theories such as Dual Process Theory suggest that the source of much habitual behaviour is the nonconscious. Despite this, most behaviour change interventions using technology (BCITs) focus on conscious strategies to change people’s behaviour. We propose an alternative avenue of research, which focuses on understanding how best to directly target the nonconscious via mobile devices in real-life situations to achieve behaviour change

    Crystallographic and Magnetic Structure of the Perovskite-Type Compound BaFeO2.5: unrivaled complexity in oxygen vacancy ordering

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    We report here on the characterization of the vacancy-ordered perovskite-type structure of BaFeO2.5 by means of combined Rietveld analysis of powder X-ray and neutron diffraction data. The compound crystallizes in the monoclinic space group P2(1)/c [a = 6.9753(1) Å, b = 11.7281(2) Å, c = 23.4507(4) Å, β = 98.813(1)°, and Z = 28] containing seven crystallographically different iron atoms. The coordination scheme is determined to be Ba7(FeO4/2)1(FeO3/2O1/1)3(FeO5/2)2(FeO6/2)1 = Ba7Fe([6])1Fe([5])2Fe([4])4O17.5 and is in agreement with the (57)Fe Mössbauer spectra and density functional theory based calculations. To our knowledge, the structure of BaFeO2.5 is the most complicated perovskite-type superstructure reported so far (largest primitive cell, number of ABX2.5 units per unit cell, and number of different crystallographic sites). The magnetic structure was determined from the powder neutron diffraction data and can be understood in terms of "G-type" antiferromagnetic ordering between connected iron-containing polyhedra, in agreement with field-sweep and zero-field-cooled/field-cooled measurements

    The Biblical text of Jerome's Commentary on Galatians

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    After an analysis of Jerome’s presentation of the scriptural lemmata in his Commentary on Galatians, their text is compared with variant readings in the tradition and the quotations of the Epistle in the exegetical sections. This sheds light on the complex transmission of the biblical text in this commentary, during which initial lemmata and expository quotations have both been subject to alteration. The earliest interventions precede the extant manuscripts of the work but can sometimes be identified through traces of substituted readings. Despite later preference for the Vulgate form of text, numerous Old Latin readings occur in both the editorial text and critical apparatus of the recent Corpus Christianorum edition. While not all of these are authorial, it is suggested that the significance of the non-Vulgate variants has been underestimated in this edition and that in many places it is possible to recover a form of biblical text closer to that used by Jerome. An appendix is provided of non-Vulgate readings in the commentary

    Avalanche-mechanism loss at an atom-molecule Efimov resonance

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    The avalanche mechanism has been used to relate Efimov trimer states to certain enhanced atom loss features observed in ultracold-atom-gas experiments. These atom loss features are argued to be a signature of resonant atom-molecule scattering that occurs when an Efimov trimer is degenerate with the atom-molecule scattering threshold. However, observation of these atom loss features has yet to be combined with the direct observation of atom-molecule resonant scattering for any particular atomic species. In addition, recent Monte Carlo simulations were unable to reproduce a narrow loss feature. We experimentally search for enhanced atom loss features near an established scattering resonance between K40 Rb87 Feshbach molecules and Rb87 atoms. Our measurements of both the three-body recombination rate in a gas of K40 and Rb87 atoms and the ratio of the number loss for the two species do not show any broad loss feature and are therefore inconsistent with theoretical predictions that use the avalanche mechanism

    Developing system models to help Great Britain's railways embrace innovative technologies with confidence

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    Railways are under pressure to become more efficient and cut their costs; innovation has a part to play in achieving these goals. The railway is, however, a complex and closely coupled system, making it difficult in the early stages of development, to be clear what the system-wide impact of innovation will be. The research covered in this paper stems from the idea that computer-based models of existing systems can help overcome this problem, by providing a baseline framework against which the impact of innovation can be identified. The paper describes development of a repeatable modelling methodology, which elicits\ud objective system data from Railway Group Standards and integrates it using CORE®, a powerful system modelling tool, to create system models. The ability of such models to help identify impacts is verified, using as an example the introduction of RailBAM (a new technology that acoustically monitors the health of rolling stock axle bearings) into the existing hot axle bearing detection system

    Autophagy and the Liver

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    Autophagy is a cellular process that involves lysosomal degradation and recycling of intracellular organelles and proteins to maintain energy homeostasis during times of cellular stress [1]. It also serves to remove damaged cellular components such as mitochondria and long-lived proteins. Autophagy is catabolic mechanism and although hepatic autophagy performs the standard functions of degrading damaged organelles/aggregated proteins and regulating cell death it also regulates lipid accumulation within the liver. Autophagy can be divided into three distinct sub-groups that are discussed below. This chapter focuses upon the role of autophagy in a variety of liver diseases including hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and viral hepatitis. The increased understanding of the cellular machinery regulating autophagy within the liver may foster the development of therapeutic strategies that will ultimately help treat liver disease

    Chemosensory influences on eating and drinking, and their cognitive mediation

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    Contents (headings of main sections of the Chapter). \ud Introduction. \ud Excitation and Inhibition of Ingestion by Level of Sweetness. \ud Learnt Preferences for Levels of Sweetness. \ud The Learnt Peak of Preference for Level of Sweetener. \ud The Peak of Learnt Facilitation by Any Sensory Factor. \ud Missing the [Ideal] Point. \ud Ingestive Appetite and Food Preference Responses. \ud Each Food Has a Different Taste. \ud Cognitive Mechanisms That Convert Sensing into Ingesting. \ud Gustatory Configurations in Ingestion. \ud Olfactory Configurations in Ingestion. \ud Flavour. \ud Long-term effects of taste on nutrition. \ud Conclusions. \ud References

    The age related prevalence of aggression and self-injury in persons with an intellectual disability: A review

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    The aim of this study was to analyse statistically published data regarding the age related prevalence of aggression and self-injury in persons with intellectual disability. Studies including prevalence data for aggression and/or self-injury broken down by age band were identified and relative risk analyses conducted to generate indices of age related change. Despite conflicting results, the analysis conducted on included studies considered to be the most methodologically robust indicated that the relative risk of self-injury, and to a lesser extent aggression, increased with age until mid-adulthood, with some indication of a curvilinear relationship for self-injury. These conclusions have implications for the understanding of the development of different forms of challenging behavior and the importance of early intervention strategies

    The Electronic Scriptorium: Markup for New Testament Manuscripts

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    The creation of scholarly editions has been transformed by the adoption of digital tools, affecting every stage of the process from approaching primary sources to final publication. One of the most significant is the way in which electronic media overcome some of the constraints of printed texts and permit a fuller and more flexible presentation of the data, as well as facilitating subsequent alteration and future re-use. This is exemplified by the full-text manuscript transcriptions produced by the International Greek New Testament Project and the Institut für neutestamentliche Textforschung in their work towards the first scientific edition of the New Testament, the Editio Critica Maior. The present study offers an overview of the process of transcribing biblical manuscripts and outlines the encoding in Extensible Markup Language (XML) developed as part of the Workspace for Collaborative Editing, a joint Anglo-German project to create a suite of digital tools for the production of the Editio Critica Maior and, in time, for other textual traditions

    Feminist phenomenology and the film-world of Agnes Varda

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    Through a discussion of Agnès Varda’s career from 1954 to 2008 that focuses particularly on La Pointe Courte (1954), L’Opéra-Mouffe (1958) The Gleaners and I 2000), and The Beaches of Agnes (2008), this article considers the connections between Varda’s film-making and her femaleness. It proposes that two aspects of Varda’s cinema – her particularly perceptive portrayal of a set of geographical locations, and her visual and verbal emphasis on female embodiment – make a feminist existential-phenomenological approach to her films particularly fruitful. Drawing both directly on the work of Maurice Merleau-Ponty and on some recent film- and feminist-theoretical texts that have employed his insights, it explores haptic imagery and feminist strategy in The Gleaners and I, the materialization of space characterizing Varda’s blurring of fiction and documentary, and the dialectical relationship of people with their environment often observed in her cinema. It concludes that both Varda’s female protagonists and the director herself may be said to perform feminist phenomenology in her films, in their actions, movement and relationship to space, and in the carnality of voice and vision with which Varda’s own subjectivity is registered within her film-texts
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