25,866 research outputs found

    Nuni-A case study

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    Construction of an ethnographical database of groups of immigrants and their descendats in the province of Buenoas Aires

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    In Argentina, research about immigration has traditionally been made fundamentally upon two majorities: Spanish and Italian. There were few specific anthropological studies concerning small and medium groups of immigrations (Cape Verdeans, Polish, Greek, Lithuanians, Ukrainians, etc.). As a result of our experience in the field of anthropology, working with some of these goups and their descendants, we became aware of the need of a tool which allows, in a flexible way, to recognize the profile which characterizes the studied communities and those which will be studied in the future. Our ultimate goal was to establish in advance, sufficiently representative comparisons to describe similarities and differences between distinctive groups. Without such a tool, it would be difficult to characterize the modifications which where produced and still take place as a consequence of the cultural change and the intercultural contact.At this stage of the research, diverse specialist in statistics were consulted, who agreed that a database is the best tool for this purpose, since it allows flexible and more efficient storage and management of the information. Thus, we considered two steps: 1. Definition and development of the data base structure, 2. Elaboration of an interface for actualization and modification of the collected data.Fil: Maffia, Marta Mercedes. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo. División Etnografía; ArgentinaFil: Mehltreter, Klaus. Instituto de Ecología; MéxicoFil: Basaldúa, Marcelo. Universidad Nacional de La Plata; Argentin

    Študija paradigm raziskovanja v magistrskih nalogah s področja družboslovja

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    Podiplomski študijski programi, torej magistrski in doktorski program, ki se končujeta z diplomskim delom, večinoma individualno nalogo, sta za mnoge študente teh programov prvi korak v raziskovalno delo. Kako študenti v magistrskih nalogah opredeljujejo paradigme, pa je raziskovalno vprašanje tegačlanka. Ugotavljamo, da v magistrskih nalogah, ki smo jih zajeli v vzorec,prevladuje kvantitativna paradigma in tudi paradigma mešanih metod, ki pa nista eksplicitno zapisani

    Clinical trials in oncology

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    Klinične raziskave ali klinična preskušanja so raziskave, ki vključujejo ljudi. Na njihovih izsledkih temelji vsakodnevna obravnava bolnikov, zdravljenje, ki temelji na dokazih. Klinična preskušanja razvrščamo v več faz. V fazi I ugotavljamo predvsem toksičnost, v fazi II aktivnost zdravila pri določeni bolezni in v fazi III primerjamo učinkovitost nove oblike zdravljenja s trenutno priporočenim zdravljenjem določene bolezni. V želji po hitrejši informaciji o učinkovitosti številnih novih, predvsem tarčnih zdravil, se je razvil novi tip kliničnih raziskav, klinične raziskave tipa %košara%, %dežnik% in %prilagoditev%. Vse klinične raziskave morajo izpolnjevati stroga merila, ki zagotavljajo, da so bolniki v raziskavah zaščiteni in so rezultati pravilno ovrednoteni. Dostopnost do raziskav je pomembna za razvoj stroke, pa tudi za bolnike, saj v okviru teh lahko dobijo dodatne možnosti zdravljenja. Zato je pomembno, da zdravniki bolnike spodbujamo k sodelovanju v kliničnih raziskavah.Clinical trials or clinical studies refer to research that is done in people. Their results are the backbone of daily clinical practice, namely evidence-based medicine. Clinical trials involve several phases. The main purpose of a phase I trial is to determine the safety of treatment, a phase II trial aims to determine if the new treatment is effective in treating a certain cancer, and a phase III trial compares the new treatment to the current standard treatment for a certain type of cancer. Aimed at providing prompt information on the effectiveness of many new agents, especially targeted drugs, new types of clinical study designs have been developed, namely basket trials, umbrella trials, and adaptive trials. All clinical trials have to meet strict criteria to ensure that patient rights are protected and that the results are properly evaluated. Accessibility to clinical trials is important for the development of oncology and for patients as well, as clinical trials may provide them with additional treatment. It is, therefore, important that doctors encourage patients to participate in clinical trials

    Dendrochronological investigations in Založnica - the latest known Eneolithic pile dwelling at Ljubljansko barje

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    Investigations in wood and archaeological artefacts collected during rescue excavations in the drainage ditches on the location of copper-age, i. e. Eneolithic pile dwelling Založnica at Ljubljansko barje (Ljubljana Moors, Slovenia) are presented. 35% of 1315 samples were dendrochronologically investigated. We constructed three tree-ring chronologies, two of ash-wood (Fraxinus sp.) and one of oak (Quercus sp.), and reconstructed the building activities that occurred in the period of 90 years. We found out that the activities in Založnica coincided with those in another pile dwelling Parte, which existed in the same period and was located 10 km away from Založnica. Based on radiocarbon dating, the activities in Založnica ended in the 25th century BC. The last 40 years of the settlement delineate the youngest Copper Age settlement at Ljubljansko barje and in Slovenia. We describe how the dated wood and its relation to other archaeological artefacts helped us to place Zloznica in the Somogyvár-Vinkovci culture. This cultural classification constitutes a new interpretation of settlement activities before the Bronze Age began at Ljubljansko barje, in Slovenia in general, and in the neighbouring countries

    Assessing the forest\u27s protective effect against avalanches : the case of Russian road below Vršič

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    Cesto na Vršič ogrožajo snežni plazovi, gozdovi nad njo pa opravljajo zaščitno in varovalno funkcijo pred njimi. Analizirali smo potencialno ogroženost dela ceste in gozda nad njo, opravili presojo zaščitne funkcije gozda pred snežnimi plazovi ter določili smernice in ukrepe za nadaljnji razvoj gozda in krepitev njegovega varovalnega učinka. Na objekt raziskave smo postavili mrežo 21 raziskovalnih ploskev. Po modificirani metodi NaiS (Frehner in sod., 2005) smo izločili in opisali sestoje ter primerjali njihovo dejansko stanje s ciljnim, ki zagotavlja zaščito pred snežnimi plazovi. Glede na naklon in pokritost z gozdom smo naredili karto, ki kaže najbolj ogrožena območja pred snežnimi plazovi. Ugotovili smo, da noben sestoj ne zagotavlja popolne in trajne zaščitne funkcije. Največji problem sta pomlajevanje in zagotavljanje raznomerne strukture sestojev. Najpomembnejše smernice za nadaljnji razvoj gozda so pospeševanje raznomerne in raznodobne strukture, zagotavljanje pomladka, vzgoja čim večjega števila nosilcev stabilnosti ter zagotavljanje dobre vitalnosti in zadostne gostote dreves.The road leading to the Vršič Pass is threatened by snow avalanches, and the forests above it are performing a protective function against them. We analysed potential hazard to the road and forests above it from snow avalanches, and evaluated the protective function of the forest. We defined guidelines and measures for further development of the forest to enhance its protective effect, and evaluated the actual spatial distribution of formalized protective function area of the forest within management plans. We set a network of 21 research sample plots. Using the modified method NaiS (Frehner et al., 2005), we defined the stand boundaries, analysed them and compared the actual state of the stands to the target situation. With regard to the slope and forest cover, we made a map of the sections most prone to formation of snow avalanches. We concluded that none of the stands provided complete and permanent protective function against snow avalanches. The greatest problems lay in poor regeneration and lack of unevenaged stand structure. The most important guidelines for the future development of the forest are favouring heterogeneous stand structure and regeneration, safeguarding good stability and vitality of the trees and providing for their sufficient density

    Archaeobotanical investigations at the pile-dwelling site Stare gmajne, dated on the basis of wood investigations

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    We investigated 932 samples of wood from the prehistoric pile-dwelling site Stare gmajne at Ljubljansko barje. With the help of dendrochronology, radiocarbon dating and wiggle matching method we established that the dwelling was settled in two periods from approximately 3350 until 3330, and from 3160 until 3110 cal. BC. We introduced an archaeobotanical method which is widely used in other European laboratories and identified macrobotanical remains (seeds and fruits) from both settlement periods. Most important cultural plants were: einkorn, emmer, barley, opium poppy, flax and peas. Most frequent gathered plants were: apples, pears, strawberries, blackberries, bladder cherries, cornelian cherries, hawthorns, blackthorns, grapes, dog-rose berries and nuts (acorn, hazel nut and water chestnut). While a widely accepted method was used, we identified for the first time flax and einkorn / emmer wheat on the basis of chaff remains at a Slovenian prehistoric site. We compared plant economy habits between Stare gmajne and some contemporaneous lake dwellings around the Alps; the most important cultivated wheats at Stare gmajne were emmer and einkorn, while at the sites north of the Alps naked wheat was often found. Corenlian cherry, water chestnut, and grape vine were frequent at Stare gmajne, but they were rare or were not found on the sites north of the Alps
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