Effects of user expectations on website information comprehension and satisfaction, The

2014 Summer.Includes bibliographical references.The purpose of this qualitative study was to examine the role of users' expectations of a website information search in determining their comprehension of the information on a website and their satisfaction with the website. Interviews to determine their satisfaction with the website and think-aloud sessions were employed to gather data from participants, and open coding was used to analyze responses. The findings of this study support the previous literature on scripts with respect to the usability of the Veterans Affairs website. The study found that scripts are present before users search for information on a website. Those scripts provide users with a strategy to find needed information efficiently, but when a website fails to conform to a user's script, users experience a more difficult search and lower satisfaction with the website. More research into the particular scripts that inform users website searching strategies will help to encourage better communication on websites. Adhering to the Plain Writing Act (2010) will improve communication on the Veterans Affairs website

Optimal line length for reading schoolbook on screen

Although experimental studies have shown a strong impact of text layout on the legibility of e- text, many digital texts appearing in eBook or the internet use different designs, so that there is no straightforward answer in the literature over which one to follow when designing e- material. Therefore, in this paper we shall focus on the text layout, particularly the influence of line lengthen reading performance of e-school book.48 native Arabic students (24 male and 24 female) volunteered for this experiment. The participants’ age ranged from 9 to 13. Performance of students was assessed through two dependent variables: (1) time to complete each tasks; and (2) accuracy of the answers. Accuracy data was based on the number of correct answers the students provided and the total score was 12 points. Several findings were reported by this experiment such as; the time needed to complete all the question models becomes significantly low when students are older, errors for all the question models are expected to be significantly lower for older students. Reading text on a single column with double columns shows that the reading process is affected by the students’ age, as older students were faster when reading through double columns, while students aged 9 prefer the single column in both reading processes. The study has recommended double line for fast reading for students their reading performance is satisfactory. While, long line has suggested for students with difficulty in reading

Recycling texts: human evaluation of example-based machine translation subtitles for DVD

This project focuses on translation reusability in audiovisual contexts. Specifically, the project seeks to establish (1) whether target language subtitles produced by an EBMT system are considered intelligible and acceptable by viewers of movies on DVD, and (2)whether a relationship exists between the ‘profiles’ of corpora used to train an EBMT system, on the one hand, and viewers’ judgements of the intelligibility and acceptability of the subtitles produced by the system, on the other. The impact of other factors, namely: whether movie-viewing subjects have knowledge of the soundtrack language; subjects’ linguistic background; and subjects’ prior knowledge of the (Harry Potter) movie clips viewed; is also investigated. Corpus profiling is based on measurements (partly using corpus-analysis tools) of three characteristics of the corpora used to train the EBMT system: the number of source language repetitions they contain; the size of the corpus; and the homogeneity of the corpus (independent variables). As a quality control measure in this prospective profiling phase, we also elicit human judgements (through a combined questionnaire and interview) on the quality of the corpus data and on the reusability in new contexts of the TL subtitles. The intelligibility and acceptability of EBMT-produced subtitles (dependent variables) are, in turn, established through end-user evaluation sessions. In these sessions 44 native German-speaking subjects view short movie clips containing EBMT-generated German subtitles, and following each clip answer questions (again, through a combined questionnaire and interview) relating to the quality characteristics mentioned above. The findings of the study suggest that an increase in corpus size along with a concomitant increase in the number of source language repetitions and a decrease in corpus homogeneity, improves the readability of the EBMT-generated subtitles. It does not, however, have a significant effect on the comprehensibility, style or wellformedness of the EBMT-generated subtitles. Increasing corpus size and SL repetitions also results in a higher number of alternative TL translations in the corpus that are deemed acceptable by evaluators in the corpus profiling phase. The research also finds that subjects are more critical of subtitles when they do not understand the soundtrack language, while subjects’ linguistic background does not have a significant effect on their judgements of the quality of EBMT-generated subtitles. Prior knowledge of the Harry Potter genre, on the other hand, appears to have an effect on how viewing subjects rate the severity of observed errors in the subtitles, and on how they rate the style of subtitles, although this effect is training corpus-dependent. The introduction of repeated subtitles did not reduce the intelligibility or acceptability of the subtitles. Overall, the findings indicate that the subtitles deemed the most acceptable when evaluated in a non-AVT environment (albeit one in which rich contextual information was available) were the same as the subtitles deemed the most acceptable in an AVT environment, although richer data were gathered from the AVT environment

Optimizing Usability Testing in the Context of a Large-scale Software Service for Digital Textbooks

The adoption of digital textbooks in education has steadily increased. This paper reports on the initiative Digi4School aiming to provide a large-scale software service for digital textbooks. Since the usability of this service is of particular concern, it is the subject of a design science research project with the goal to investigate two artifacts: (1) an optimized method for usability testing and (2) a fully-functional software service for delivering digital textbooks to users with heterogeneous IT background. We conclude that a combination of usability tests and the use of a questionnaire including closed and open-ended questions is recommended. Furthermore, both novice and expert users should evaluate a system’s usability with iterations until the usability measures reach a satisfactory level for all users. This was achieved for Digi4School. Such an approach has the potential to identify and eliminate flaws that prevent users from adopting the system

Architecture and Design of a Patient-Friendly eHealth Web Application: Patient Information Leaflets and Supplementary Services

Patients benefit from information on pharmaceuticals and most patients are willing to read patient information leaflets for their pharmaceuticals. However, the quality of written information on pharmaceuticals leaves room for improvement. To mend insufficiencies of patient information leaflets, an alternative approach for provision of information on pharmaceuticals is illustrated. We present the design and architecture of a web application that provides information in patient information leaflets as well as supplementary services. With a web application supplementary services that cannot as easily be realised with patient information leaflets can be offered. An open-source framework with a robust architecture for rapid application development serves as a foundation of the web application. In combination with the proposed design and architecture, this leads to an extensible, reliable, scalable, customisable and patient-friendly web application with high availability

Enhanced model for ergonomic evaluation of information systems: application to scientific research information system

Considering the importance of the ergonomic aspect for information systems in providing an easy use of the computing systems, this paper focuses on the elaboration of a hybrid model for the ergonomic evaluation of information systems that merges a set of inspection dimensions such as accessibility, practicality, emotionality, and technological persuasion. Details on how the model has been constructed and data have been collected are presented. For the evaluation of our model, a situation of an information system for scientific research (SIMArech) in Moroccan Universities has been studied. This model can be used by ergonomist and human factor professionals. It is found that the proposed heuristics can effectively assess the most important dimensions of scientific research information systems

Quality of translation via google translate in comedy texts

A translation process of considerable quality should possess the ability to effectively communicate a clear and definite meaning from the source language to the target language. While Google Translate serves as a useful tool for comprehending translated textual content in a general sense, it is important to note that automated machines still possess inherent weaknesses and limitations. The translation of jokes within comedic texts, particularly in relation to language and cultural differences, proves to be a challenging task. This research was undertaken utilizing a qualitative-descriptive approach, with the bilingual comedy book titled "Jokes in English-Book 1" serving as the subject of study. The primary objective of this research is to assess the level of translation quality achieved by machine translation in terms of accuracy, acceptability, and readability, and to compare these results with the translations provided in the bilingual book. The findings of this research indicate that 62.5% of the translations exhibit a high level of accuracy, while 37.5% are somewhat less accurate. Furthermore, 37.5% of the translations are deemed acceptable, while 62.5% are regarded as less acceptable. Finally, 37.5% of the translations demonstrate a high degree of readability, whereas 62.5% exhibit a moderate level of readability. Upon comparing the translation results obtained from Google Translate with the original translations presented in the bilingual book, it was determined that 100% of the translations in the book were found to be satisfactory in terms of accuracy, acceptability, and readability. Although the translations from English to Indonesian of comedy texts via Google Translate are deemed satisfactory, there is still room for improvement and ongoing development in order to enhance the quality of these translations

SHORT DIGITAL STRESS SCALE - PSYCHOMETRIC PROPERTIES AND CROSS-CULTURAL VALIDATION

Due to the massive, global, and seemingly unabated growth in mobile and social media use, across private and work lives, users likely experience perceived digital stress, which might undermine important behavioural outcomes. Hall et al. (2021) have established a digital stress scale (DSS), developed among U.S. adolescents and young adults; the current study offers a cross-cultural test of the scale and proposes a shortened version, by almost 60%. Social media use tends to blur work and nonwork spheres, and psychometric scales need to be cross-culturally valid, so the present study tests perceived digital stress among employees from three countries. The well-established validation procedures and samples from Germany, Italy, and Japan affirm the reliability, validity, and cross- national applicability of a 10-item short DSS. The extended application also reveals the impact of perceived digital stress on three sets of employee outcomes. In turn, this research offers implications for both IS research and practice

Patient education brochures

Effective doctor-patient communication can be enhanced by the use of patient education brochures. Patients easily forget what they are told; in order to increase compliance and patient understanding, written instructions and explanations for the patient to take home are invaluable. Brochures may also have protective legal value. When creating brochures, it is important to realize the literacy level of the intended patient population. Understanding some basics in grammar and typography is useful in making a brochure that can be easily read. The use of illustrations is also explored. This thesis offers suggestions as to the types of information which are appropriate for brochures and how to avoid bias in writing. The appendices include instructions on completing a readability analysis, a list of sources which publish brochures, and copies of brochures we have created ( Controlling Your Headaches, Age-Related Macular Degeneration, Glaucoma, Sunglasses for Safety, Eye Drops/Ointment, and Soft Contact Lens Wear.

Usability evaluation model for mobile e-book applications

Evaluation for mobile e-book applications are limited and did not address all the important usability measurements. Hence, this study aimed to identify the characteristics that affect user satisfaction on the usability of mobile e-book applications. Five characteristics that have a significant effect on the user satisfaction of mobile e-book applications have been identified namely readability, effectiveness, accessibility, efficiency, and navigation. A usability evaluation was conducted on three mobile e-book applications namely Adobe Acrobat Reader, Ebook Reader, and Amazon Kindle. 30 students from Universiti Utara Malaysia evaluated the mobile e-book applications and their satisfaction was measured using questionnaire. The outcomes discovered that the five characteristics (i.e., readability, effectiveness, accessibility, efficiency, and navigation) have a significant positive relationship with user satisfaction. This provides insights into the main characteristics that increase user satisfaction. It also designed a task scenario and a satisfaction questionnaire which help in evaluating mobile e-book applications