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Gavkosh - a new locality yielding large mammal fossils in the Bakhtiari Formation in Lorestan Province, Iran
A new vertebrate fossil assemblage was discovered during road construction works near
Gavkosh, Lorestan Province, Iran. The fossils come from a succession of conglomerates, sands and
marls of fluvial origin. At least three high concentration fossiliferous horizons occur within a stratigraphic
thickness of about 2 m and a distance of some12 m. The fossils are well-preserved, though
many are broken due to the circumstances of the discovery. The new fossil locality is from the Bakhtiari
Formation, which is the last synorogenetic deposit of the Zagros foreland basin and has a stratigraphic
thickness of up to 3000 m and extends for over 1000 km along the SW of the Zagros Mountains.
Because of its relevance for the orogenetic history of these mountains, the age of this formation is
under discussion with proposed ages varying between latest Oligocene to Pleistocene. The preliminary
identifications of the fossils lead to the recognition of seven to eight species of Carnivora, Perissodactyla
and Artiodactyla: Felidae indet., Hipparion spp. A & B (Equidae), Giraffidae indet. and Gazella
sp., Boselaphini indet, Bovidae indet. spp. 1 & 2 (Bovidae). The composition of the assemblage recalls
that of the classic fauna from Marageh (Iran) and the fauna from Injana (Iraq), both of middle Late
Miocene age, but it cannot be excluded that it is of a different age between about 11 to 2.6 Ma. The
fauna from Gavkosh is in a biogeographically interesting position between the ¿Pikermian¿ faunas
(such as Marageh) and the Siwalik faunas of the Indian Subcontinent.Peer Reviewe