Trace elements, pH and organic matter evolution in contaminated soils under assisted natural remediation: a four year field study

A 4-year study was undertaken on the effect of three amendments (biosolid compost (BC), sugar beet lime (SL), and combination of leonardite plus sugar beet lime (LESL)) on reclamation of a moderately trace element-contaminated soil under field conditions. Results showed that organic C increased in BC and LESL treatments. BC and SL treatments increased soil pH and reduced CaCl2-extractablemetal concentrations more efficiently. At the end of the experiment, CaCl2-extractable metal concentrations decreased and were similar in all treatments pointing out the importance of the natural remediation processes in contaminated soils. Addition of amendments showed no clear reduction in EDTA-extractable trace element concentrations, even, BC and LESL subplots showed some little increase of these elements with time. Amendments did not cause any change in total trace element concentration in soil. Addition of amendments could be a successful and reliable long term technique for stabilization of trace elements in contaminated soils at a field scale with minimum maintenance.Peer reviewe