Alien Registration- Chasse, Denis (Winslow, Kennebec County)

https://digitalmaine.com/alien_docs/16479/thumbnail.jp

Alien Registration- Chasse, Emma (Van Buren, Aroostook County)

https://digitalmaine.com/alien_docs/33207/thumbnail.jp

Comparative Laws In Public Health Unmasked

The COVID-19 pandemic lay bare the vulnerabilities of some countries’ public health responses and praise for others. Comparative law review in public health responses may glean lessons for the United States. For example, the United States had not had a pandemic of this magnitude in over a century and was reluctant to institute early masking policies. Meanwhile, the world raced for a COVID-19 vaccine. This begs the question of who will take the vaccine. Will—or can—governments force their citizens to be inoculated? Global comparisons in personal liberty, freedom, bodily autonomy, and how to parent intersect at the right to (or not to) mask and vaccinate debate. This Comment compares laws with various countries against a cultural and political backdrop, such as masking differences in the East and West, vaccines and the resurgence of eradicated diseases in the United States, how an authoritative, military dictatorship in Argentina implemented vaccine laws on its citizens, and how the past atrocities the people of the Democratic Republic of the Congo faced is influencing their vaccination rates and subsequent measles and Ebola virus outbreaks today. These global problems require global solutions

Investigations of Possible Cases of Scurvy in Juveniles from the Kellis 2 Cemetery in the Dakhleh Oasis, Egypt, Through Stable Carbon and Nitrogen Isotopic Analysis of Multiple Tissues

Vitamin C deficiency, or scurvy, is a disease that can occur in humans at any age and has been seen throughout time. Scurvy affects the production of connective tissues, including collagen, which leads to the many symptoms of the disease, including fatigue, anemia, bleeding gums and lost teeth, skeletal changes, and even death. The Kellis 2 cemetery in the Dakhleh Oasis, Egypt, in use from approximately AD 50-360, contains the remains of many juveniles who exhibit skeletal indicators of scurvy. Tissue samples from juveniles who did (n=31) and did not (n=117) exhibit skeletal indicators of scurvy were analyzed isotopically, with the sample including stable carbon (δ13C) and nitrogen (δ15N) isotope values of bone collagen (scurvy =11, non-scurvy =13), hair (scurvy=21, non-scurvy=112), nail (scurvy =10, non-scurvy =44), and skin (scurvy =19, non-scurvy =59). Intra-tissue comparisons were conducted to determine whether this disease affects δ13C and δ15N values sufficiently to distinguish these two groups from one another isotopically. Inter-tissue comparisons between bone collagen and hair were also conducted, with emphasis placed on inter-tissue spacing results and outliers. Mean δ13C and δ15N values for each hair segment were compared to look for early isotopic signals of scurvy. No statistically significant differences were found between any intra-tissue scurvy and non-scurvy cohorts and no obvious indications of the onset of scurvy were seen in the hair segment analyses. The inter-tissue spacing results, however, highlighted some interesting patterns in the bone collagen-to-hair values, especially in regards to the identified outliers that are discussed in more detail. While this study did not detect any significant differences between scurvy and non-scurvy cohorts or early isotopic signals of the disease in hair segments, the inter-tissue spacing results do point to changes between the cohorts that may be attributable to the physiological stress of scurvy and therefore warrants further investigation

The Admissibility of Electronic Business Records

The business record provisions of the Evidence Acts determine a record’s admissibility by evidence of its history, which must be the product of “the usual and ordinary course of business” (or comparable “business activity” wording). The electronic record provisions determine a record’s admissibility by the, “integrity of the electronic records system in which it is recorded or stored.” The difference is, records management (RM) based on “paper records concepts” versus “electronic records systems concepts.” The former is subjective — each business determines its own “usual and ordinary course of business”; the latter, objective — in accor- dance with authoritative standards of RM. Because of the many new laws that demand and depend upon records, electronic RM is now a matter of “legal compliance” and not merely good business practice. The business record provisions were enacted when: (1) electronic records came from stand-alone mainframe computers and not complex computer networks; (2) most of the present methods of, and reasons for making false records and damaging RM systems did not exist; for example, paper record systems cannot be damaged “remotely,” nor by software failures and error rates; and, (3) objective, authoritatively recognized national and international standards of electronic RM did not exist. The “usual and ordinary course of business” test allows every business to choose its own principles and practices of RM. Therefore it is now too subjective and vague to provide sufficient protection against the use of unreliable records as evidence. The objective, standards-based “system integrity” test must therefore become the sole test of admissibility and “weight.” Or, the business record provisions be reinterpreted so as to judge RM systems and not individual pieces of paper — an alteration perhaps more appropriately left to the legislature. The American case law is used as a comparison. And common electronic RM practices and defects are referred to because the admissibility and “weight” of electronic business records should be interdisciplinary de- terminations. That is what the “system integrity” of electronic RM requires. A list of points made appears immediately before the Appendices

Alien Registration- Chasse, Loretta (Portland, Cumberland County)

https://digitalmaine.com/alien_docs/24431/thumbnail.jp