4,098 research outputs found

    Changes to commercial topography in late medieval Brussels

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    In this essay I will focus on changes to the commercial topography of late medieval Brussels and its correlation with urban development. Since the work of Henri Pirenne, trade has been considered as an essential factor in the growth of late medieval towns. As a result commercial activities have left traces in urban space. Market places and guild halls are well known examples

    Feudalism in the twelfth century charters of the Low Countries

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    Waleran II, Count of Meulan and Worcester, 1104-1166

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    Waleran was born in 1104 as the elder of the twin sons of Count Robert I of Meulan and Leicester (died 1118) and his wife Isabel of Vermandois (died c. 1139). On his father’s death Waleran and his younger twin, Robert, were each alloted a share of their paternal inheritance by his testament, a division which came into effect on their sixteenth birthday in 1120. Waleran took the county of Meulan in the Vexin Français and the Norman lands (with some Dorset estates to give him an English base and revenue). Waleran was given the marriage of the infant Matilda, daughter of King Stephen of England in 1136, though she died within a couple of years of their betrothal. He married at the end of 1141 Agnes, daughter of Amaury I de Montfort, count of Evreux, and around 1145 secured the lordship of Gournay-sur-Marne in the Parisis as her marriage-portion. In 1138 Waleran was made earl of Worcester in England by King Stephen, a grant which was eventually rescinded by King Henry II. Waleran died on 9/10 April 1166 and was buried in the chapter house of the family abbey of St Peter of Préaux in Normandy. He was succeeded by his eldest son, Count Robert II of Meulan

    Aspects and problems of the Templars’ religious presence in Medieval Europe from the twelfth to the early fourteenth century

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    The medieval military orders were religious institutions whose members had professed to a life of combat and prayer that integrated them into a religious landscape exceedingly defined by diversity. And yet still very little is known about the military orders’ religious functions in the dioceses in which they held ecclesiastical possessions. By focusing on one military in particular, the Order of the Temple, this study aims to achieve two goals: first, to provide a critical overview of recent scholarship in the emerging field of military order (and especially Templar) religion, and second, to examine aspects Templar religious involvement in medieval society in general and the reactions of senior clergymen to the Templars’ religious engagement on parish level in particular. It argues that the Templars proved very keen on expanding their network of parish churches and that in so doing they proved willing to engage with the lay public on a much larger scale than has hitherto been believed

    Family memory and the Crusades

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    "Une féodalité qui sent l'encre" : typologie des actes féodaux dans le Languedoc des XIe-XIIe siècles

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    Cet article vise à établir une première taxonomie des différentes catégories d'écrits qui surgissent en Languedoc à partir du XIe siècle dans le domaine de la production documentaire féodale. Le terme de l'enquête a été fixé aux alentours des années 1220. La typologie diplomatique des sources féodales du Midi peut s'ordonner en cinq grandes catégories : serments de fidélité pour un château ; sécurités ; inféodations ; reprises en fief ; reconnaissances en fief et rôles de fief. Les quelque neuf cents actes répertoriés pour le Midi languedocien des XIe-XIIe siècles sont essentiellement issus des deux grands cartulaires laïcs (Guilhem de Montpellier et Trencavel), complétés par quelques cartulaires ecclésiastiques (essentiellement évêchés de Maguelone, Agde et Béziers, abbayes d'Aniane, Gellone et Lagrasse)

    Liste de cartulaires et recueils contenant des pièces antérieures à l'an 1000 dressée par les soins du Comité français

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    Four Scottish indulgences at Sens

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    English interest in the great Cistercian abbey of Pontigny was stimulated by the exiles there of two archbishops of Canterbury, Thomas Becket and Stephen Langton.1 As archbishops of Canterbury, Langton and Edmund of Abingdon made gifts to Pontigny abbey in consideration of the welcome given to Becket.2 Edmund did not die at Pontigny, but was a confrater of the community, and the abbot claimed the body, asserting that Edmund had expressed a wish to be buried there. The process of canonisation was rapid.3 After Edmund's canonisation, Henry III sent a chasuble and a chalice for the first celebration of the feast, and granted money to maintain four candles round the saint's shrine.4 In 1254, en route from Gascony to meet Louis IX in Chartres and Paris,5 Henry visited Pontigny, as his brother Richard of Cornwall, who seems to have pressed for canonisation, had done in 1247.6 Archbishop Boniface of Canterbury ordered the celebration of the feast to be observed throughout his province.7 Pope Alexander IV granted a dispensation to allow Englishwomen to enter the precinct of Pontigny abbey on the feast of the translation of the relics of St Edmund8 (women were normally forbidden to enter a Cistercian monastery). Matthew Paris, the greatest English chronicler of the age, wrote a life of the saint.9 English interest continued into the fourteenth century. In 1331 an English priest was given a licence to visit the shrine,10 but it seems likely that the Hundred Years’ War made pilgrimage to Pontigny difficult.11 The indulgences preserved by the abbey reveal an interest in the shrine throughout the Western Church, granted as they were by prelates from Tortosa to Livonia and Estonia, and from Messina to Lübeck.1

    Essai sur la nature du Grand cartulaire de l'Eglise Saint-Julien de Brioude

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    International audienceMise en lumière du rôle et de la place de la clause d'usufruit au sein du recueil d'actes tardo-carolingien appelé Grand cartulaire du chapitre Saint-Julien de Brioude. L'étude souligne que l'omniprésence de celle-ci trahit un héritage romain et provincial susceptible d'associer intimement le régime des biens ecclésiastique en Aquitaine à la dévolution des biens maternels au sein de l'aristocratie comme de mieux comprendre les origines de la mense canoniale

    Un cartulaire, une titulature et un sceau : le programme politique du vicomte Roger II (Trencavel) dans les années 1180

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    Cet article a pour but de mettre en lumière une conjonction exceptionnelle au milieu des années 1180, dans la principauté des vicomtes Trencavel (vicomtes d'Albi, Carcassonne, Razès, Béziers). Le vicomte Roger II effectua en effet une nouvelle mise en scène de son pouvoir, en se dotant d'un sceau, en adoptant une nouvelle titulature et en lançant une grande entreprise de copie des chartes de son chartrier, qui aboutit à la mise par écrit du noyau originel du cartulaire des Trencavel. Le décryptage du mode de composition du cartulaire permet de mettre au jour les intentions de son commanditaire : revendiquer les vicomtés de ses ancêtres et faire en quelque sorte oublier la rupture dans la continuité dynastique à la génération de son père. La mise en regard de tous ces éléments fait du cartulaire un instrument de combat et de défi, une œuvre de justification et d'affirmation dynastique, dans un moment crucial de l'édification d'une principauté féodale
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