Resolving Deep Disagreement

The shocking statement made by Robert Fogelin over 20 years ago when he claimed that discourses that are in deep disagreement cannot be resolved rationally, is still causing many problems to argumentation theorists. In this paper, however, I argue that discourses that are in deep disagreement, at least some of them, can be rationally resolved by introducing the concept of “third party” to those particular discourses

Vesel

Ky shkrim së pari shqyrton shkurtimisht gjendjen e gjuhës shqipe sot duke e theksuar mosrespektimin e normës së gjuhës standarde. Punimi pastaj përqendrohet kryesisht në dukurinë e të huazuarit të elementeve gjuhësore angleze në gjuhën shqipe. Vihet në dukje numri i madh i huazimeve që kanë depërtuar në shqipe pas luftës së Kosovës, me ardhjen e organizatave qeveritare dhe joqeveritare dhe me ndryshimin e sistemit shoqëror, si dhe pamundësia për t‟i analizuar dhe kontrolluar ato fjalë të huaja, shumë prej tyre të panevojshme, për shkak të ardhjes së tyre të furishme brenda një kohe të shkurtër, po edhe për shkak të mosgatishmërisë qoftë subjektive ose objektive të institucioneve gjuhësore të vendit për t‟i trajtuar huazimet si duhet. Në përputhje me këtë propozohen edhe masa përkatëse që duhet të merren për kontrollimin e huazimeve të panevojshme. Jepet edhe një pjesë shtesë ku flitet për disa huazimet që mund të pranohen duke i arsyetuar propozimet, si dhe për disa huazime të panevojshme, të cilat duhet të refuzohen nga shqipja

Albanian Language and English Loanwords Today

This paper first of all deals briefly with the present situation of the Albanian language pointing out the failure to respect the standard language norm. The paper is then mainly concentrated on the phenomenon of borrowing English language elements by the Albanian language. It emphasizes the large number of loanwords that have penetrated into Albanian after the war in Kosova, with the coming of international governmental and non-governmental organizations and by the social system change, as well as due to the impossibility to analyze and control those foreign words, most of them unnecessary, due to their furious coming in within a short time, but also due to the lack of readiness, either subjective or objective, of language institutions of the country to address loanwords in a proper manner. In compliance with this, respective measures are proposed to be undertaken for controlling the unnecessary loanwords. An additional part is offered in the paper, in which some loanwords that could be accepted are discussed justifying the proposals, and also suggesting for some of the unnecessary loanwords to be refused in Albanian

Clearing a Path Through a Tangled Jurisprudence: Most-Favored-Nation Clauses and Dispute Settlement Provisions in Bilateral Investment Treaties

Under a most-favored-nation (MFN) clause, the signatories of a treaty agree to accord each other the same treatment they grant to any other nation. The MFN principle of non-discrimination is ubiquitous in contemporary international economic relations. It has long been considered the corner-stone of all modem commercial treaties, and it remains at the heart of the contemporary international trade system as Article 1 of the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT). The MFN principle has also been used in other fields of international relations, such as consular relations. In the second half of the twentieth century, it was incorporated into the emerging field of international investment law, where it is has become a core element of international investment agreements and is included in most of the more than two thousand bilateral investment treaties (BITs) that comprise the field

EFFICIENT COMPUTATION OF SOBOL’ QUASI-RANDOM GENERATOR

Purpose of the study: The quasi-Monte Carlo method is an essential tool for modeling and analyzing various complex problems in engineering, physical sciences, finance, and business. The crucial element of the method is a sequence of deterministic quasi-random values, which is often obtained by using the Sobol’ quasi-random generator. The purpose of this study is to consider the time complexity of generating the Sobol’ sequence. Methodology: Algorithms for determining the Sobol' sequence have been studied. The algorithms have been implemented in the Python programming language. Main Findings: It is established that this sequence can be generated in the linear time provided that generated numbers are based on 32-bit or 64-bit integers. The main result of the paper is the algorithm, which enables this time-bound. Applications of this study: The study can be applied in engineering, physical sciences, finance, and business. Novelty/Originality of this study: It is shown that Sobol’ sequence can be generated in linear time

Using Behavioral Skills Training and In Situ Training to Teach Children Diagnosed with Autism to Avoid Hazards

Previous literature has examined the use of behavioral skills training (BST) and in situ training (IST) to teach safety skills; however, very little research has investigated this training across several hazard classes. This study investigated the effectiveness of BST and IST used to teach safety skills. Initial assessments were completed with three unique stimuli within three distinct hazard classes (i.e., nine stimuli): sharp objects, medication containers, and cleaners. Assessments revealed training was necessary for children to demonstrate safety skills. Assessments completed after training occurred demonstrated that IST was a necessary component for participants to engage in all three safety skills taught within the training. Furthermore, individual differences between participants were demonstrated through the number of sessions in which skill demonstration occurred

Effects of Preoxygenation and Positioning of Obese Patients During Intubation

Local anesthetic systemic toxicity, due to misapplication of local anesthetic in an otherwise routine procedure, can result in deleterious effects. Although improved regional anesthesia techniques, effective test-dosing, and availability of less toxic local anesthetics have resulted in a decline in local anesthetic toxicity rates, adverse events do occur. A comprehensive review of literature was conducted and current research findings and documented case studies were systematically reviewed. The lipid sink phenomenon is the most widely accepted theoretical framework surrounding intravenous lipid emulsion treatment for local anesthetic induced cardiovascular collapse (Rothschild, Bern, Oswald, & Weinberg, 2010). Current evidence suggests that immediate infusion of lipid emulsion should be considered when clinical signs of local anesthetic toxicity manifest. By relaying information surrounding practice guidelines on local anesthetic systemic toxicity, anesthesia practitioners will have an improved understanding of local anesthetic systemic toxicity clinical diagnosis and lipid emulsion infusion as a treatment modality. Implications: When anesthesia providers pre-oxygenate their obese patients for three minutes in • • a head up position, this extends the amount of time, to safely secure the airway. !!\u27(It Keywords: Obesity, Anesthesia, pre-oxygenation, patient positioning, head-up, supin

ROBUST STATIC OUTPUT FEEDBACK FOR DISCRETE-TIME SYSTEMS - LMI APPROACH

Two novel linear matrix inequality (LMI) based procedures to receive a stabilizing robust output feedback gain are presented, one of them being a modification of previous results of Oliveira et al., [5]. The proposed robust control law stabilizes the respective uncertain discrete-time system described by a polytopic model with guaranteed cost. The obtained results are compared with other LMI results from literature and illustrated on an example