The new very small angle neutron scattering spectrometer at Laboratoire Leon Brillouin

The design and characteristics of the new very small angle neutron scattering spectrometer under construction at the Laboratoire Leon Brillouin is described. Its goal is to extend the range of scattering vectors magnitudes towards 2x10{-4} /A. The unique feature of this new spectrometer is a high resolution two dimensional image plate detector sensitive to neutrons. The wavelength selection is achieved by a double reflection supermirror monochromator and the collimator uses a novel multibeam design

DAYWATER, UNE RECHERCHE EUROPÉENNE SUR LA GESTION DES EAUX PLUVIALES URBAINES

10 p. (version corrigée du 14 mai 2007, après relecture et mise en forme)National audienceL'objectif principal du programme Européen de recherche DayWater a consisté en une intégration des problèmes d'inondation et de pollution dûs aux eaux pluviales urbaines en construisant un système adaptatif d'aide à la décision (S2AD), utile aux gestionnaires de projets. Ce programme a débuté en décembre 2002 et s'est terminé en novembre 2005. Pour atteindre cet objectif, le programme DayWater a développé un outil d'aide à la décision utilisable par toutes les parties en présence dans la gestion des eaux pluviales urbaines. Le système est adaptatif afin de pouvoir fonctionner sous différentes échelles de temps et d'espace pertinentes en hydrologie urbaine et de convenir à des utilisateurs de compétences et centres d'intérêt très divers. Ce manuscrit présente la démarche originale du programme de recherche DayWater, décrit les principales caractéristiques du prototype de S2AD (librement accessible par internet à www.daywater.cz), discute les principaux résultats obtenus et présente brièvement les poursuites d'actions

La construction pluridimensionnelle des rapports de travail et d'emploi. Une approche qualitative dans les entreprises privées de gestion des déchets

Cet article porte sur la pluralité et l'interdépendance des déterminants de la construction des rapports de travail et d'emploi dans la branche de la gestion des déchets ménagers. Les politiques publiques, les évolutions réglementaires et technologiques, les stratégies concurrentielles et la situation du marché du travail participent à la structuration des pratiques des entreprises autour de contraintes et d'objectifs communs mais autorisent aussi des marges de manœuvre et des points de divergence dans leur mise en œuvre. L'analyse s'appuie sur des enquêtes qualitatives menées dans la branche

Problems in Adapting a Glucose-Oxidase Electrochemical Sensor into an Implantable Glucose-Sensing Device

International audienceTaking into account the analytic patterns of different types of glucose-oxidase electrochemical sensors, the specific problems which have to be solved for such a sensor to be implantable are outlined. Of partic-ular interest is the lifetime of enzymatic membrane and the dependence of the sensor responses to oxygen concentration and hydrodynamics

Surface roughness variation of thin wall milling, related to modal interactions

High-speed milling operations of thin walls are often limited by the so-called regenerative effect that causes poor surface finish. The aim of this paper is to examine the link between chatter instability and surface roughness evolution for thin wall milling. Firstly, the linear stability lobes theory for the thin wall milling optimisation was used. Then, in order to consider the modal interactions, an explicit numerical model was developed. The resulting nonlinear system of delay differential equations is solved by numerical integration. The model takes into account the coupling mode, the modal shape, the fact that the tool may leave the cut and the ploughing effect. Dedicated experiments are carried out in order to confirm this modelling. This paper presents surface roughness and chatter frequency measurements. The stability lobes are validated by thin wall milling. Finally, the modal behaviour and the mode coupling give a new interpretation of the complex surface finish deterioration often observed during thin wall milling

Developing Cultural Awareness: A Qualitative Case Study of Pre-Service Teachers\u27 Experiences in an Introductory Course in ESL Methods and Techniques

There are over 5 million English language learners in the U.S. public schools, and according to the last U.S. Census, nearly one in five school-age students in the United States comes from a home where a language other than English is spoken. Consequently, the majority of American classrooms consist of students from several different racial, ethnic, cultural and linguistic backgrounds. To teach in this environment, teachers need to be culturally aware. Cultural awareness often comes from foreign language study and/or travel abroad. Unfortunately, in many urban environments, pre-service teachers are not required to study foreign language and are not afforded the opportunity to study abroad. This study examined how pre-service teachers described and perceived alternative cross-cultural experiences in an introductory class in ESL Methods and Techniques. The qualitative study, using an action research process, utilized the following pedagogical strategies: a) focused, reflective discussion board questions to explore the immigrant voice, b) field research to explore the views and perceptions of English language learners and c) selected literature, Travel as a Political Act, to introduce global perspective. Participants were pre-service teachers enrolled in an introductory course in ESL methods and techniques at an urban university. The purpose of this study was to explore ways pre-service teachers might increase cultural awareness within a one-semester course. Specifically, the researcher anticipated developing an alternative theoreticl model for promoting cultural awareness. Ultimately, if a semester course, incorporating selected non-traditional, culture-specific texts and English language learner experiential field study projects could be found to help develop culural awareness, teacher education programs may want to seriously look at encouraging more of their students to participate in such culturally-strategic programs. A theory for how the experiences generated by these assignments lead to cultural awareness for pre-service teachers was developed and an alternative model for promoting cultural awareness was derived. Findings indicate that views and perceptions among pre-service teachers changed as they became more culturally aware as a result of the alternative cross-cultural experience