Plasmablastic lymphoma in the paranasal sinus in a HIV positive patient : a rare entity

Non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma (NHL) ranks second after Kaposi sarcoma in individuals who are infected with Human Immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Plasmablastic lymphoma (PBL) is a diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL), becoming increasingly more common in oral cavity of HIV patients. PBL has been a investigative and therapeutic challenge because of its atypical morphology, immunohistochemical profile and a clinical course which results in high rate of recurrence and demise. We have described a atypical case of PBL affecting the maxillary sinus extending to involve the ethmoid sinuses and nasal cavity in a HIV infected patient and a brief review of literature regarding PBL.peer-reviewe

Study of the Clinical Patterns in Varicella in a Tertiary Hospital at Coastal Karnataka

Context: There are very few studies regarding the clinical patterns and manifestations of a very common viral infection, Varicella, especially from south India. Aims: To study the cutaneous manifestation of Varicella with an emphasis on vaccination status. Settings and Design: Cross sectional study. Methods and Material: A total of 118 patients attending the Dermatology OPD of a private medical college in coastal Karnataka with cutaneous manifestations of varicella were enrolled. Study period was from January 2010 to December 2010. Statistical analysis used: Data was analysed using SPSS version 11.5. Various frequency distribution tables, diagrams and chi square test were used to describe and analyse the data. Results: Majority of the patients were males (62.7%) and 21-30 years was the most common age group involved. There were 74 students, out of which eight were in the preschool group aged between 3-4 years. Most of the patients visited the hospital on the second day after onset of the symptoms. 108(91.5%) patients complained about the presence of various prodromal symptoms. Scalp was the most common (39.8%) site of onset of the rash. Itching was experienced by 76(64.4%) patients. Peak number of cases (35.6%) was seen in the month of January. The cutaneous rash was most commonly (57.7%) distributed over face, scalp, trunk, upper and lower limbs, with predominantly central distribution. Soft palate was the most common site (87%) involved in the oral cavity. Conclusions: A wide variety of combination symptoms with classical cutaneous polymorphic vesicular rash and oral lesions was seen

Energy requirements of adults.

OBJECTIVES: To describe issues related to energy requirements of free living adults and discuss the importance of basal metabolic rate (BMR) and their relationships to total energy expenditure (TEE ) and physical activity level (PAL, derived as TEE/BMR) and to determine the influence of body weight, height, age and sex. DESIGN: Based on a review of the literature, this paper examines the variability in BMR due to methodology, ethnicity, migration and adaptation (both metabolic and behavioural) due to changes in nutritional status. Collates and compiles data on measurements of TEE in free living healthy adults, to arrive at limits and to compare TEE of populations with different life-styles. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS: The constancy of BMR and its validity as a reliable predictor of TEE in adults as well as the validity of PAL as an index of TEE adjusted for BMR and thus its use to categorise the physical activity pattern and lifestyle of an individual was confirmed. The limits of human daily energy expenditure at around 1.2 x BMR and 4.5 x BMR based on measurements made in free living adults have been reported in the literature. A large and robust database now exists of energy expenditure measurements obtained by the doubly labelled water method in the scientific literature and the data shows that, in general, levels of energy expenditure are similar to the recommendations for energy requirements adopted by FAO/WHO/UNU (1985). The review also confirms that metabolic adaptation to energy restriction is not an important factor that needs to be considered when recommending energy requirements for adults in developing countries

Thymoma with Myasthenia Gravis in Adolescent

Thymomas are exceedingly rare in the first 20 years of life, Thymic lesions comprise approximately 2–3% of all pediatric mediastinal tumors and include thymic cysts, hyperplasia, carcinoma, and thymomas. Fewer than 30 cases in children have been described in the literature. Thymomas in adults are commonly associated with other diseases, the most frequent being myasthenia gravis. However, this association has been rarely reported in childhood. These tumors are typically aggressive, with poor outcomes. We report a case of thymoma associated with myasthenia gravis in a 16-year-old girl and review the literature

Ganglioneuroma Always A Histopathological Diagnosis

Neuroblastoma, ganglioneuroblastoma and ganglioneuroma arise from sympathetic tissue in the neck, posterior mediastinum, adrenal gland, retroperitoneum and pelvis Ganglioneuromas are commonly seen in childhood. They are highly differentiated benign tumors and are compatible with long-term disease free survival. Retroperitoneal localization is relatively frequent for these tumors. Due to its rarity and lack of specific radiological findings diagnosis is always postoperative. Here, we present a case of Retroperitoneal ganglioneuroma which was undiagnosed before surgery

Frame- and Segment-Level Features and Candidate Pool Evaluation for Video Caption Generation

We present our submission to the Microsoft Video to Language Challenge of generating short captions describing videos in the challenge dataset. Our model is based on the encoder--decoder pipeline, popular in image and video captioning systems. We propose to utilize two different kinds of video features, one to capture the video content in terms of objects and attributes, and the other to capture the motion and action information. Using these diverse features we train models specializing in two separate input sub-domains. We then train an evaluator model which is used to pick the best caption from the pool of candidates generated by these domain expert models. We argue that this approach is better suited for the current video captioning task, compared to using a single model, due to the diversity in the dataset. Efficacy of our method is proven by the fact that it was rated best in MSR Video to Language Challenge, as per human evaluation. Additionally, we were ranked second in the automatic evaluation metrics based table