Lições sobre Ciências no desenho animado Show da Luna : articulações entre pedagogia cultural e ludicidade

Esta pesquisa se desenvolveu através da construção do Trabalho de Conclusão de Curso de Pedagogia, onde tive como objetivo responder a seguinte questão: Que lições sobre a ciência o desenho animado Show da Luna ensina? Buscou-se subsídios teóricos relacionados ao ensino de Ciências, Pedagogia Cultural e Ludicidade. No que se refere à metodologia, a pesquisa se constituiu como qualitativa na modalidade exploratória. Para compor o material empírico, foram selecionados três episódios do desenho Show da Luna mais assistidos no canal do Youtube. Dentre os resultados obtidos, destaco a presença da dúvida, como princípio científico. Tratam-se de episódios que englobam o ensino de ciência e a ludicidade, onde sempre a protagonista Luna levanta questionamentos durante o desenho, fazendo experimentos, para obter as respostas às suas perguntas sobre fenômenos do cotidiano. Outro ponto a destacar é a centralidade da representação feminina de cientista, uma vez que Luna é protagonista. Com isto conclui-se, portanto, que o desenho animado pode ser um mediador pedagógico no ensino de Ciências, constituindo-se como alternativa didática para mediar o ensino por meio de três importantes elementos: a centralidade da dúvida no fazer científico, a ludicidade no ensino e a diversidade na representação de quem faz ciência, com destaque para o papel das meninas.This research was developed through the construction of the Pedagogy Course Completion Work, where I aimed to answer the following question: What lessons about science does the cartoon Show da Luna teach? Theoretical subsidies related to the teaching of Science, Cultural Pedagogy and Ludicity were sought. Regarding the methodology, the research was constituted as qualitative in the exploratory modality. To compose the empirical material, three episodes of the show Show da Luna most watched on the Youtube channel were selected. Among the results obtained, I highlight the presence of doubt as a scientific principle. These are episodes that encompass science teaching and playfulness, where the protagonist Luna always raises questions during the drawing, carrying out experiments, to obtain the answers to her questions about everyday phenomena. Another point to highlight is the centrality of the female representation of scientist, since Luna is the protagonist. With this, it is concluded, therefore, that the cartoon can be a pedagogical mediator in science teaching, constituting itself as a didactic alternative to mediate teaching through three important elements: the centrality of doubt in scientific practice, playfulness in the teaching and diversity in the representation of those who do science, with emphasis on the role of girls

Peran Desentralisasi Fiskal Terhadap Kinerja Ekonomi Di Kabupaten/kota Provinsi Jawa Tengah

This research is intended to examine the influence of fiscal decentralization on economic growth, poverty, employment, and welfare at regencies/municipalities level in Central Java Province. Research population consist of 29 regencies and 6 municipalities, employing secondary data from Central Bureau of Statistic of Central Java Province and regencies/municipalities level in Central Java Province within the period of 2001 up to 2005. Data analysis is conducted by using path analysis with AMOS program software. The results of this study indicate that, first fiscal decentralization has a positive and significant effect on economic growth. Second, economic growth has a positive and significant effect on employment rate. Third, economic growth has a negative and significant effect on poverty. Forth, economic growth has a positive and significant effect on welfare. Fifth, employment rate has a negative and significant effect on welfare. Sixth, poverty has a negative and significant effect on welfare at regencies/municipalities level in Central Java Province

Inclus?o escolar de alunos com defici?ncias em escolas do campo

The present research goal is to understand the process of inclusion of students with disabilities in rural schools located in Itatiba do Sul / RS. The nature of the research was qualitative and exploratory. Data was collected through observations of the physical structures of the Itatiba do Sul rural schools, and also based on questionnaires done with the acceptance and availability of science teachers and a representative of the municipality's education department. The access, permanence and how the teaching and learning process of students with disabilities in science teaching were investigated. The results show that the physical structure of the schools is not accessible to all the public, as they have little support for students with disabilities. The Science Teaching also presents many shortcomings, as it lacks both materials that approach this teaching in an inclusive way, as well as teachers with qualified specific training for this purpose. These aspects highlight the importance and necessity of continuous training for teachers and improvements in school infrastructure.A presente pesquisa teve como objetivo compreender o processo de inclus?o de alunos com defici?ncias nas Escolas do Campo localizadas em Itatiba do Sul/RS. A natureza da pesquisa foi qualitativa e explorat?ria. Os dados foram coletados atrav?s de observa??es dos espa?os f?sicos das Escolas do Campo de Itatiba do Sul e de question?rios que contaram com a disponibilidade e aceita??o dos professores de Ci?ncias e de um representante da secretaria de educa??o do munic?pio. Investigou-se o acesso, a perman?ncia e como ocorre o processo de ensino e aprendizagem dos alunos com defici?ncias no ensino de Ci?ncias. Os resultados obtidos mostram que a estrutura f?sica das escolas n?o est? acess?vel para todo p?blico, pois apresentam pouco suporte aos alunos com defici?ncias. O Ensino de Ci?ncias apresenta, ainda, muitas lacunas pois existem poucos materiais que abordam este ensino de forma inclusiva, e ainda os professores n?o contam com forma??es continuadas para melhor atenderem os alunos com defici?ncias. Estes aspectos mostram a import?ncia de se realizar forma??es continuadas para os professores al?m de melhorias na infraestrutura das escolas

Use of a renal-specific oral supplement by haemodialysis patients with low protein intake does not increase the need for phosphate binders and may prevent a decline in nutritional status and quality of life

Background. Protein-energy wasting is a frequent and debilitating condition in maintenance dialysis. We randomly tested if an energy-dense, phosphate-restricted, renal-specific oral supplement could maintain adequate nutritional intake and prevent malnutrition in maintenance haemodialysis patients with insufficient intake. Methods. Eighty-six patients were assigned to a standard care (CTRL) group or were prescribed two 125-ml packs of Renilon 7.5® daily for 3 months (SUPP). Dietary intake, serum (S) albumin, prealbumin, protein nitrogen appearance (nPNA), C-reactive protein, subjective global assessment (SGA) and quality of life (QOL) were recorded at baseline and after 3 months. Results. While intention to treat analysis (ITT) did not reveal strong statistically significant changes in dietary intake between groups, per protocol (PP) analysis showed that the SUPP group increased protein (P < 0.01) and energy (P < 0.01) intakes. In contrast, protein and energy intakes further deteriorated in the CTRL group (PP). Although there was no difference in serum albumin and prealbumin changes between groups, in the total population serum albumin and prealbumin changes were positively associated with the increment in protein intake (r = 0.29, P = 0.01 and r = 0.27, P = 0.02, respectively). The SUPP group did not increase phosphate intake, phosphataemia remained unaffected, and the use of phosphate binders remained stable or decreased. The SUPP group exhibited improved SGA and QOL (P < 0.05). Conclusion. This study shows that providing maintenance haemodialysis patients with insufficient intake with a renal-specific oral supplement may prevent deterioration in nutritional indices and QOL without increasing the need for phosphate binder

Bioelectrical impedance analysis in clinical practice: implications for hepatitis C therapy BIA and hepatitis C

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Body composition analysis using phase angle (PA), determined by bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA), reflects tissue electrical properties and has prognostic value in liver cirrhosis. Objective of this prospective study was to investigate clinical use and prognostic value of BIA-derived phase angle and alterations in body composition for hepatitis C infection (HCV) following antiviral therapy.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>37 consecutive patients with HCV infection were enrolled, BIA was performed, and PA was calculated from each pair of measurements. 22 HCV genotype 3 patients treated for 24 weeks and 15 genotype 1 patients treated for 48 weeks, were examined before and after antiviral treatment and compared to 10 untreated HCV patients at 0, 24, and 48 weeks. Basic laboratory data were correlated to body composition alterations.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Significant reduction in body fat (BF: 24.2 ± 6.7 kg vs. 19.9 ± 6.6 kg, genotype1; 15.4 ± 10.9 kg vs. 13.2 ± 12.1 kg, genotype 3) and body cell mass (BCM: 27.3 ± 6.8 kg vs. 24.3 ± 7.2 kg, genotype1; 27.7 ± 8.8 kg vs. 24.6 ± 7.6 kg, genotype 3) was found following treatment. PA in genotype 3 patients was significantly lowered after antiviral treatment compared to initial measurements (5.9 ± 0.7° vs. 5.4 ± 0.8°). Total body water (TBW) was significantly decreased in treated patients with genotype 1 (41.4 ± 7.9 l vs. 40.8 ± 9.5 l). PA reduction was accompanied by flu-like syndromes, whereas TBW decline was more frequently associated with fatigue and cephalgia.</p> <p>Discussion</p> <p>BIA offers a sophisticated analysis of body composition including BF, BCM, and TBW for HCV patients following antiviral regimens. PA reduction was associated with increased adverse effects of the antiviral therapy allowing a more dynamic therapy application.</p

Hepatology – Guidelines on Parenteral Nutrition, Chapter 16

Parenteral nutrition (PN) is indicated in alcoholic steatohepatitis (ASH) and in cirrhotic patients with moderate or severe malnutrition. PN should be started immediately when sufficientl oral or enteral feeding is not possible. ASH and cirrhosis patients who can be sufficiently fed either orally or enterally, but who have to abstain from food over a period of more than 12 hours (including nocturnal fasting) should receive basal glucose infusion (2–3 g/kg/d). Total PN is required if such fasting periods last longer than 72 h. PN in patients with higher-grade hepatic encephalopathy (HE); particularly in HE IV° with malfunction of swallowing and cough reflexes, and unprotected airways. Cirrhotic patients or patients after liver transplantation should receive early postoperative PN after surgery if they cannot be sufficiently rally or enterally nourished. No recommendation can be made on donor or organ conditioning by parenteral administration of glutamine and arginine, aiming at minimising ischemia/reperfusion damage. In acute liver failure artificial nutrition should be considered irrespective of the nutritional state and should be commenced when oral nutrition cannot be restarted within 5 to 7 days. Whenever feasible, enteral nutrition should be administered via a nasoduodenal feeding tube

Data of oxygen- and pH-dependent oxidation of resveratrol

AbstractWe show here if under physiologically relevant conditions resveratrol (RSV) remains stable or not. We further show under which circumstances various oxidation products of RSV such as ROS can be produced. For example, in addition to the widely known effect of bicarbonate ions, high pH values promote the decay of RSV. Moreover, we analyse the impact of reduction of the oxygen partial pressure on the pH-dependent oxidation of RSV. For further interpretation and discussion of these focused data in a broader context we refer to the article “Hormetic shifting of redox environment by pro-oxidative resveratrol protects cells against stress” (Plauth et al., in press) [1]

Hormetic shifting of redox environment by pro-oxidative resveratrol protects cells against stress

AbstractResveratrol has gained tremendous interest owing to multiple reported health-beneficial effects. However, the underlying key mechanism of action of this natural product remained largely controversial. Here, we demonstrate that under physiologically relevant conditions major biological effects of resveratrol can be attributed to its generation of oxidation products such as reactive oxygen species (ROS). At low nontoxic concentrations (in general <50µM), treatment with resveratrol increased viability in a set of representative cell models, whereas application of quenchers of ROS completely truncated these beneficial effects. Notably, resveratrol treatment led to mild, Nrf2-specific gene expression reprogramming. For example, in primary epidermal keratinocytes derived from human skin this coordinated process resulted in a 1.3-fold increase of endogenously generated glutathione (GSH) and subsequently in a quantitative reduction of the cellular redox environment by 2.61mVmmol GSH per g protein. After induction of oxidative stress by using 0.78% (v/v) ethanol, endogenous generation of ROS was consequently reduced by 24% in resveratrol pre-treated cells. In contrast to the common perception that resveratrol acts mainly as a chemical antioxidant or as a target protein-specific ligand, we propose that the cellular response to resveratrol treatment is essentially based on oxidative triggering. In physiological microenvironments this molecular training can lead to hormetic shifting of cellular defense towards a more reductive state to improve physiological resilience to oxidative stress

Granulomatous cheilitis associated with exacerbations of Crohn's disease: a case report

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Introduction</p> <p>Crohn's disease is a disease involving the whole gastrointestinal tract from the mouth to the anus. Oral lesions are considered to be an important extraintestinal manifestation. Granulomatous cheilitis has been recognized as an early manifestation of Crohn's disease. It may follow, coincide with or precede the onset of Crohn's disease. The aim of this presentation is to describe a rare case of a patient with Crohn's disease in whom significant swelling of the lower lip not only preceded the diagnosis of Crohn's disease for two years, but it manifested as an early clinical index of the recurrence of the intestinal disease as well.</p> <p>Case presentation</p> <p>A man aged 25 was admitted in our department on August 1999 with chronic diarrhea and loss of weight. His bowel symptoms started in 1998 at the age of 24. However, two years previously (June 1996) he noticed a swelling of the lower lip, which contrasted significantly with the previously normal appearance of his mouth. A lip biopsy performed at that time was compatible with granulomatous cheilitis. Crohn's disease involving the terminal ileum and large bowel was diagnosed in 1998 and confirmed on the basis of colonoscopy, enteroclysis and histology findings of the small and large bowel. Conservative treatment resulted in clinical and laboratory improvement of the bowel symptoms and lip swelling. During the following years the disease was active with exacerbations and remissions of mild to moderate severity. The swelling of the lower lip occurred in parallel with the exacerbations of the bowel disease, returning to normal during periods of remission.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>Significant swelling of the lower lip due to granulomatous cheilitis could be the first manifestation of Crohn's disease, preceding intestinal symptoms. Exacerbation of the lip lesion could be an early clinical sign of a relapse of the underlying intestinal disease.</p